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Advanced Stroke Surgery in Bhubaneswar

A stroke is a life-threatening situation that develops when the blood flow to the brain is interrupted. The brain relies on a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients from the blood to function properly. When this blood supply is cut off, brain cells begin to die within minutes. 

What are the Types of Stroke?

Strokes are categorised into distinct types based on their mechanisms and characteristics. The three main types are:

  • Ischemic Stroke: This is the most common stroke type, accounting for 87% of all cases. It occurs when blood clots block vessels in the brain, preventing vital blood flow to brain tissue. These clots can form locally or travel from other parts of the body.
  • Hemorrhagic Stroke: This type accounts for about 13% of cases and occurs when blood vessels in the brain rupture, causing bleeding into surrounding brain tissue. There are two subtypes of hemorrhagic strokes:
    • Intracerebral Haemorrhage: Bleeding directly into brain tissue.
    • Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: Bleeding between the brain and its protective covering, often caused by ruptured brain aneurysms.
  • Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): Often known as a "mini-stroke," TIA shows symptoms similar to a stroke but resolves within 24 hours. Although the symptoms are temporary, TIA is a serious warning sign of an impending full stroke.
  • Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT): This rare but crucial variant affects about five people per million annually. Blood clots form in the brain's venous sinuses, leading to pressure buildup and potential bleeding.

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What Causes a Stroke?

Several factors can cause strokes, ranging from health conditions to lifestyle choices: 

  • High blood pressure is the leading cause, but other medical conditions like heart problems and diabetes also increase the risk. 
  • Blood vessel issues, such as aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), make brain vessels more likely to bleed. 
  • Plaque buildup in arteries, known as atherosclerosis, particularly in the carotid arteries, can also result in strokes.
  • Lifestyle habits also play a significant role in strokes. Risk factors include:
    • Eating foods enriched in saturated fats and cholesterol
    • Lack of exercise- leading to obesity
    • Excessive alcohol consumption
    • Smoking, which damages blood vessels
    • High-stress levels, which affect blood pressure
  • Genetics also play a role. Men whose mothers had strokes face three times the normal risk. Research shows that most stroke patients have family members who have experienced the same condition, with the risk ranging from 15-52%.
  • The possibility of stroke doubles every decade after the age of 55. 
  • Certain groups, such as non-Hispanic Black individuals, are 50% more likely to have strokes compared to white individuals. 

When is Stroke Surgery Needed or Recommended?

Doctors recommend surgery in specific cases where immediate medical treatment cannot handle the severity of the stroke. The goal of stroke surgery is to restore blood flow to prevent permanent brain damage quickly. The following are some common stroke surgery indications:

  • Ischemic stroke with severe blockage 
  • Haemorrhagic stroke
  • Carotid artery Stenosis
  • Swelling in the brain
  • Aneurysm or AVM rupture
  • Large clots in the major arteries

Diagnostic Tests

Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective stroke treatment. Medical teams use various diagnostic tests to identify strokes promptly.

A Computed Tomography (CT) scan is the primary diagnostic tool, usually performed immediately upon a patient's arrival at the hospital. This imaging test creates detailed brain pictures using X-rays and helps determine whether a blood clot or bleeding caused the stroke. CT scans can detect brain changes within minutes of stroke symptoms starting.

Other key imaging tests include:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Creates detailed brain images using magnetic fields and radio waves.
  • Carotid Ultrasound: Checks neck arteries using sound waves.
  • Cerebral Angiogram: Provides detailed views of brain blood vessels using a special dye.
  • Electrocardiogram (EKG): Helps identify heart problems that may have led to the stroke
  • Spinal Tapping: In cases where imaging scans cannot confirm brain bleeding
  • Blood tests are also foundational in stroke diagnosis. These tests measure blood sugar levels, look for signs of infection, and check blood clotting speed. Doctors also check electrolyte levels to rule out other conditions that mimic stroke symptoms.

Quick diagnosis is essential to prevent permanent brain damage and determine the appropriate treatment plan.

Surgical Procedures for Stroke

For ischemic strokes, surgical procedures are considered within specific timeframes. A thrombectomy, for example, must be performed within 6 hours after symptoms begin for patients who meet certain criteria. Available surgical options include:

  • Thrombectomy: Removal of clots using a catheter threaded through blood vessels.
  • Carotid Endarterectomy: Removal of plaque from neck arteries.
  • Angioplasty and Stenting: Opening blocked arteries.
  • Decompressive Hemicraniectomy: Reducing brain swelling.

Studies show that using patch angioplasty during carotid endarterectomy lowers the risk of stroke on the same side. The procedure has a 95% success rate for long-term complete occlusion. 

For hemorrhagic strokes, surgery aims to control bleeding and reduce brain pressure. This includes:

  • Surgical Clipping: Blocks aneurysms from blood vessels
  • Coiling Procedure: Uses catheters to stop blood flow to affected areas 
  • Ventriculostomy: Helps manage obstructive hydrocephalus after a cerebellar infarct
  • Decompressive Craniectomy: Reduces elevated intracranial pressure when medical management fails

Patients with cerebellar haemorrhages larger than 3 cm have better outcomes with emergency surgical removal through suboccipital craniectomy.

Why Choose CARE Hospitals for Stroke Surgery?

CARE Hospitals is a leading facility for stroke treatment, providing a comprehensive approach to patient care. The hospital operates 24/7 to provide immediate medical attention for stroke emergencies.

Advanced technology integration is a cornerstone of CARE's stroke treatment program. The hospital uses state-of-the-art equipment, including:

  • Stereotaxy systems for precise surgical navigation.
  • Neuronavigation technology for accurate brain mapping.
  • Intraoperative CT for live imaging.
  • Microscopic surgery capabilities.

CARE Hospitals excels in both immediate intervention and long-term management. The facility's expert neurologists perform physical examinations and blood tests to confirm stroke diagnosis. The hospital combines medical expertise with rehabilitation services, offering physiotherapy, speech therapy, and occupational therapy to ensure comprehensive post-stroke care. This all-encompassing approach and experienced specialists make CARE Hospitals a trusted choice for stroke surgery in Bhubaneswar.

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Stroke Surgery Hospitals in India

Frequently Asked Questions

CARE Hospitals offers comprehensive stroke treatments, focusing on clot removal and bleeding control. The hospital provides tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment within 3 hours of stroke onset.

You can book appointments through CARE Hospitals' website or by contacting their emergency department directly. The stroke team operates round-the-clock to handle emergencies.

The duration of stroke surgery depends on the procedure. Mechanical thrombectomy typically takes 1-2 hours, while more complex procedures may require additional time.

Strokes affect millions worldwide. One in four people over the age of 25 will experience a brain stroke in their lifetime. 

CARE Hospitals Bhubaneswar is a leading facility for stroke treatment, offering advanced surgical expertise and comprehensive rehabilitation services.

Post-stroke care involves regular physical and occupational therapy sessions, proper nutrition and hydration, and adherence to prescribed medication schedules.

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