Alimentación después de la extirpación de la vesícula biliar: qué comer y qué evitar

The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that stores and concentrates the bile made by the liver. Bile works in breaking down fat from the foods you consume. In case of gallbladder infection, formation of stones or other problems, it may require surgical removal through a procedure called colecistectomía.

Although you can live without your gallbladder, you might have digestion problems after surgery, especially if you do not make certain modifications to your diet. Due to the absence of a gallbladder to hold and regulate bile release, it flows freely into the small intestines. This then complicates the digestion of fatty foods and greasy foods leading to symptoms such as pain, flatulence, bloating, and diarrhoea. 

Alimentos que se deben evitar después de una cirugía de vesícula biliar

Here are some foods to limit or eliminate from the diet after a gallbladder surgery: 

1. Fatty Red Meats

• Fatty cuts of beef, pork, and lamb tend to be the most problematic after a gallbladder removal. This includes ribs, brisket, sausages, bacon, cold cuts like salami and bologna, and even leaner ground meats, which often mix in fat. 
• The saturated animal fats are difficult to break down without gallbladder and may likely cause discomfort.

2. Productos lácteos enteros

• Whole milk, ice cream, butter, and soft, creamy cheeses are challenging without the gallbladder's bile regulating ability. 
• The high fat content of these dairy products can lead to diarrea or urgent bowel movements as excess bile flows freely into the intestines. 
• Limit full-fat dairy and choose skim or low fat varieties if you opt to include dairy.

3. Alimentos fritos y procesados

• Greasy fried foods like french fries, potato chips, and fast food like chicken nuggets or fish sticks tend to be hard to digest after gallbladder removal. 
• The oils they're cooked in create that crispy texture but provide mostly empty calories and fat that overworks your system. 
• Baked goods like donuts, sweet rolls, crackers, and other trans-fat-laden snacks should also be avoided.

4. Rich, Creamy Sauces and Gravies

• Cream or cheese-based sauces, gravies, dressings, and dips are very taxing for the body to break down without the gallbladder's concentrating abilities. 
• Switch to lighter olive oil or vinegar-based alternatives instead. 
• Tomato, pesto, and wine sauces have richer flavour with less fat.

5. Alimentos con alto contenido de azúcar

• While not directly linked to fat digestion, sugary foods like soda, candy, syrups, and baked goods can also cause intestinal irritation and loose stools. 
• Limit sweets after surgery as your body heals.

6. Alcohol

• Alcohol usage should be avoided completely in the weeks following gallbladder removal surgery, as it can severely irritate the digestive system. 
• Even once recovered, alcohol tolerance often decreases without the gallbladder, so moderation is key.

Foods to Focus on After Surgery

While you'll need to limit fatty, greasy food after gallbladder removal, there are many nutritious, easy-to-digest foods to include in your post-surgery diet:

1. Alimentos ricos en fibra: Consuming foods high in fibre is crucial for healthy digestion and bowel regulation after gallbladder removal. Fibre adds bulk to stool and eases its passage through the intestines. Slowly increase the intake of high-fibre foods like:

• Fruits - apples, pears, bananas, berries
• Vegetables - broccoli, spinach, carrots, sweet potatoes
• Whole grains - brown rice, barley, oats, whole wheat pasta
• Legumes - lentils, beans, peas
• Nuts and seeds - flax, chia, almonds, walnuts

Increase fibre intake gradually over several weeks to prevent excess gas or bloating as your body adjusts. Stay well hydrated while consuming a high-fibre diet. 

2. Lean Protein Foods: Without the gallbladder, protein breakdown also becomes more challenging. Emphasise lean, low-fat proteins like:

• Skinless poultry - Chicken, turkey
• Fish and seafood - Salmon, tuna, trout, tilapia
• Plant proteins - Tofu, tempeh, beans, lentils, edamame
• Egg whites or egg substitutes
• Low-fat dairy like Greek yoghourt or cottage cheese

When choosing meats, select leaner cuts with minimal visible fat or marbling for easier digestion. Remove skin from meat before cooking.

3. Grasas saludables: While dietary fats should still be limited, healthier unsaturated fats can be included in small portions. Beneficial options include:

• Aguacate
• Olive, grapeseed or avocado oil
• Nuts like almonds, walnuts or pecans
• Mantequilla de nuez
• Chia, flax or hemp seeds
• Olives and olive tapenade

Use oils for light sautéing or drizzling rather than deep frying. Consume nuts and seeds in moderation, as they are calorie-dense.

4. Frutas y vegetales: Fruits and vegetables are packed with vitamins, minerals and antioxidants that aid healing and provide prebiotics to feed healthy gut bacteria. They also add fibre and water content. Enjoy a rainbow of produce like:

• Bright veggies - tomatoes, peppers, broccoli, carrots
• Leafy greens - kale, spinach, lettuce, swiss chard
• Starchy veggies - sweet potatoes, pumpkin, beets, turnips
• Citrus fruits and tropical options - Oranges, grapefruit, mango, pineapple, kiwi

Focus especially on nutrient-dense fruits and veggies that offer maximum benefits. Mix up your choices to diversify your phytonutrient and antioxidant intake.

5. Hidratación adecuada: Proper hydration is vital when recovering from gallbladder surgery, both to prevent constipation and help nutrients reach your cells efficiently. Aim for at least 64 ounces (8 cups) of fluid intake per day. Healthy fluid options include: 

• Water - Still or sparkling
• Herbal tea - Chamomile, ginger, peppermint
• Zumos de frutas diluidos
• Vegetable juices and smoothies
• Clear broths and consommés

Replenish fluids lost through bowel movements, nausea or vomiting after surgery. Staying well hydrated also flushes bacteria from your tracto urinario.

Dietary Tips for After Gallbladder Removal

Here are some more dietary tips to ensure a healthy recovery after gallbladder removal: 

• Ease into solids slowly post-surgery to allow your system to adjust
• Eat small, frequent meals rather than large volumes to prevent an upset stomach
• Switch to healthier ingredients in recipes – use unsweetened applesauce or banana instead of butter or oil when baking
• Exercise daily to stimulate digestion – aim for 150 minutes per week
• Give probiotic foods a try to build healthy gut flora lost during surgery, like kefir, kimchi, sauerkraut or pickle juice
• Keep a food journal to track triggers if you experience ongoing discomfort

The first few weeks after surgery are the hardest, but discomfort usually improves as your body adapts bile flow over 2-3 months. Be patient, take it slow, and stick to a post-gallbladder removal diet to speed up your recovery.

Conclusión

Gallbladder removal surgery is common and typically has no impact on an individual’s quality of life, as long as they follow the important nutritional guidelines. Stick to a diet low in fatty, greasy foods and high in fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins. Stay active, drink plenty of fluids, and slowly reintroduce fattier foods in the diet. With this approach, you can adapt well and avoid unpleasant post-surgery complications.