Transplante de médula osea

Transplante de médula osea

A bone marrow transplant is a medical procedure. This is a type of treatment where the bone marrow in your body is replaced by healthy cells. The cells that are used for replacement are taken from your own body or they are taken from a donor. 

A stem cell transplant is another term used to refer to a bone marrow transplant. Specifically, it is known as a hematopoietic stem cell transfer. There are certain types of cancers such as myeloma, leucemia y linfoma that can be treated with a bone marrow transplant. Other blood and immune system diseases that affect the bone marrow are also treated with a bone marrow transplant.  

The procedure of bone marrow transplant involves infusing healthy blood-forming stem cells into your body. These healthy stem cells replace all the damaged or diseased bone marrow in your body. If your bone marrow stops working for some reason and halts the production of adequate healthy red blood cells, then a bone marrow transplant is required. So, CARE Hospitals provide a bone marrow transplant Hospital in Hyderabad with the best medical doctors.

Introducción a la médula ósea y las células madre

There are some special cells in our body known as stem cells. These cells can make copies of themselves and have the ability to change into many separate kinds of cells that are needed by your body. There are many different kinds of stem cells. Each type of stem cell is found in different parts of your body at different times. 

Cancer and cancer treatment targets the cells in your body. They specifically can damage your hematopoietic stem cells. Stem cells that have the ability to turn into blood cells are known as hematopoietic stem cells.

The soft, spongy tissue in our body which contains the hematopoietic stem cells is known as the bone marrow. The location of the bone marrow in the centre of each bone. The blood that is moving throughout our body also contains hematopoietic stem cells. 

Red blood cells, Las células blancas de la sangre y plaquetas are not formed from hematopoietic stem cells if they are damaged. The three types of blood cells are very important to our system and each of them has a separate job. They are as follows:-

las células rojas de la sangre- Their main job is to carry oxygen throughout the body. Along with transporting oxygen, they also move the carbon dioxide to your lungs so that it can be exhaled. 

Los glóbulos blancos- They are the main constituents of our immune system. Their main job is to fight pathogens. Pathogens are bacteria and viruses that have the ability to make you ill. 

Plaquetas- Platelets are related to the formation of coágulos de sangre. 

Through the medical procedure of bone marrow or stem cell transplant, healthy stem cells are transplanted into the bone marrow or into the blood. This helps in restoring the body’s ability to create red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets whenever it is required.

Tipos de trasplante de médula ósea

Existen principalmente dos tipos de trasplantes de médula ósea. Son los siguientes:

Trasplante alogénico de células madre- The procedure of allogeneic stem cell transplant involves the use of healthy blood stem cells obtained from a donor to replace the diseased or damaged bone marrow. The allogeneic stem cell transfer is also referred to as the allogeneic bone marrow transplant. 

El donante puede ser cualquiera: un familiar, un conocido o incluso un desconocido. Estos son los tipos de células madre sanguíneas que se utilizan en un trasplante alogénico de células madre: 

• La sangre se recoge del donante.

•  The stem cell was collected from the bone marrow of the donor’s hipbone. 

• The stem cells are collected from any umbilical cord that is donated. Collected from the blood of a donated umbilical cord

The body needs to be prepared first before undergoing an allogeneic stem cell transplant. High doses of quimioterapia and radiation are received by the patient before undergoing an allogeneic stem cell transplant. This is done to damage the diseased cells before the body is ready to receive the donor cells

Autologous stem cell transplant- En un trasplante autólogo de células madre, se utilizan células madre sanguíneas sanas del propio paciente para reemplazar la médula ósea dañada y enferma. Este tipo de trasplante también se conoce como trasplante autólogo de médula ósea. 

El trasplante autólogo de células madre ofrece algunas ventajas sobre el trasplante alogénico. Esto se debe a que las células madre se obtienen del propio cuerpo del paciente. De esta manera, no hay que preocuparse por la incompatibilidad entre las células del donante y las del receptor.  

Si tu cuerpo produce continuamente suficientes células sanas de la médula ósea, puedes someterte fácilmente a un trasplante autólogo de células madre. Las células madre sanas de tu propio cuerpo se pueden extraer, congelar y almacenar para su uso posterior. 

¿Por qué es necesario un trasplante de médula ósea?

The uses of bone marrow transplant could be related to these:-

• This allows the safe treatment of your condition by using radiation or chemotherapy. Then bone marrow replacement therapy replaces all the cells that are damaged due to the radiation. 

• Las nuevas células madre reemplazan toda la médula ósea dañada y enferma.

• Las nuevas células madre que se proporcionan pueden ayudar a eliminar las células cancerosas directamente. 

Las personas pueden beneficiarse de los trasplantes de médula ósea de diversas maneras. Tanto quienes padecen enfermedades cancerosas como quienes no lo son pueden beneficiarse de un trasplante de médula ósea. Estas son algunas de las enfermedades que pueden beneficiarse de los trasplantes de médula ósea: 

• Leucemia aguda

• Adrenoleucodistrofia

• Anemia aplásica

• Síndromes de insuficiencia de la médula ósea

• Leucemia crónica

• Hemoglobinopatías

• Linfoma de Hodgkin

• Deficiencias inmunes

• Errores innatos del metabolismo

• Mieloma múltiple

• Síndromes mielodisplásicos

• El neuroblastoma

• Linfoma no Hodgkin

• Trastornos de las células plasmáticas.

• POEMAS síndrome

• Amiloidosis primaria

¿Cuáles son los riesgos del trasplante de médula ósea?

Numerous risks are posed by a bone marrow transplant. Some people get away with a bone marrow transplant with minimal complications or no complications and some people face some serious complications. In rare cases, these complications could also be life-threatening. The particular risks that a person faces depend on many different factors. This includes the type of disease or condition that makes you require a transplant, your age, and your medical history. 

Las posibles complicaciones de un trasplante de médula ósea incluyen:

• Enfermedad de injerto contra huésped (solo en trasplante alogénico)

• Fallo de células madre (injerto)

• Daño a los órganos

• Infecciones

• Cataratas

• Esterilidad

• nuevos canceres

• Muerte

Su médico le explicará los riesgos que podría enfrentar si se somete a un trasplante de médula ósea. Podrá hablar sobre estos riesgos con su médico y tomar una decisión al respecto. 

¿Cómo pueden ayudar los hospitales CARE?

At CARE Hospitals, we have the advanced technologies and the latest instruments to diagnose your condition precisely and provide you with the best treatment plans. You will be in the best hands if you are under the care of CARE hospitals as we are one of the Best hospitals for bone marrow transplantation in Hyderabad. Click Here for Costo del trasplante de médula ósea details in India.