Pankreatît: Cure, Nîşane, Sedem, Pêşîlêgirtin û Dermankirin

The pancreas is an organ located between your stomach and spine. The primary capabilities of your pancreas are:

• Releasing strong dehanker enzymes into your small intestine
• Ew dibe sedem ku xwîna we glukagon û însulînê derxe. Laşê we van hormonan bikar tîne da ku rêve bike ka ew çawa xwarinê wekî sotemeniyê bikar tîne.

Digestion enzymes that begin to function earlier than your pancreas releases them might cause damage to your pancreas. When this organ gets inflamed, it doesn't work right. This leads to many health problems.

Pancreatitis refers to the medical condition leading to the swelling of the pancreas. It can develop from a minor sore to a severe, even fatal ailment. You may experience back pain in addition to stomach pain if you have pancreatitis.

Cureyên pankreatîtê

There are two types of pancreatitis: Acute and Chronic.

• Acute Pancreatitis: Acute pancreatitis is marked by an abrupt onset of swelling. It can be caused by your gall bladder stones, drinking too much alcohol, some drugs, sickness or trauma. The signs like extreme stomach discomfort, feeling sick and throwing up can show quickly and strongly. Quick medical help is very important to manage acute pancreatitis and avoid complications. When given the right care, most people who have it get cured. In really bad cases of acute pancreatitis, it can lead to bleeding, excessive damage to the body's tissue, infection, and cysts. Severe pancreatitis can also harm the heart, lungs, and gurçikan, besides affecting the pancreas.
• Chronic Pancreatitis: In contrast, chronic pancreatitis is a long-term condition marked by ongoing inflammation that damages the pancreas. This form of pancreatitis often develops gradually and is linked to long-term alcohol abuse, cystic fibrosis, certain genetic factors, or repeated episodes of acute pancreatitis. Chronic pancreatitis leads to irreversible damage to the pancreas, affecting its ability to function properly over time. The pancreas' tissues become scarred (fibrosis) as a result of ongoing inflammation, preventing the organ from producing hormones and enzymes.

Nîşaneyên Pancreatitis

The most common symptom of either acute or chronic pancreatitis is discomfort in the middle left upper abdomen. On diagnostic imaging scans, some patients with chronic pancreatitis may show signs of inflammation; nevertheless, they may not exhibit any other symptoms.

• Nîşaneyên pankreatîtê akût:
  • Êşa ji nişka ve, zikê zikê jorîn a ku dibe ku li piştê belav bibe
  • Nause, vereşîn, û nermbûna zik
  • Nebza lez û tayê
  • Zikê werimî an nerm
• Nîşaneyên pankreatîta kronîk:
  • Constant, dull stomach discomfort
  • kîloyan and malnutrition due to poor digestion and nutrient absorption
  • Oily, smelly stools resulting from the body's inability to properly digest fats
  • Nexweşiya şekir ji ber zirara şaneyên însulînê yên di pankreasê de çêdibe

Kengê Bijîşk Binêre?

Seek emergency medical assistance if you experience chronic stomach discomfort, particularly if it's severe or accompanied by other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, or fever. Early identification and treatment are essential to avoid complications and properly manage the illness.

What Causes Pancreatitis?

Gelek sedemên pankreatîtê akût û kronîk dişibin hev. Di nav wan de ev in:

• Sedema herî gelemperî ya pankreatîtê akût kevirên kezebê ye. Bile, şilekek ku di dehandinê de dibe alîkar, dikare bibe girêkên piçûk ku wekî kevirên kezebê têne zanîn hişk bibe.
• Vexwarina zêde ya alkolê bi demê re dikare bibe sedema pankreatîta kronîk.
• Bikaranîna tûtinê.
• Hin şertên genetîkî an dîroka malbatê.
• Elevated blood levels of triglycerides or fat particles.
• Enfeksiyonên mîna salmonella, hepatît A an B, an jî mûçik.
• The pancreas' congenital anomalies.
• Hin derman, wekî hin antîbiyotîk an immunosuppressants, dibe ku pankreatîtê derxînin. 

Pancreatitis Risk Factors

Gelek faktorên xetereyê hene ku îhtîmala pêşkeftina pankreatîtê zêde dikin:

• An individual's susceptibility to pancreatitis can be genetic.
• Qelewî û kîloyên zêde şansê pankreatîtê zêde dike.
• Pankreatît di wan kesên ku bi diyabetê hene de pirtir dibe.
• Medical pancreatitis predisposition may be extended with the aid of conditions such as cystic fibrosis or excessive triglyceride ranges.
• Kesên cixarekêş ji yên necixarekêşan bi qasî sê qat zêdetir dibe ku bi pankreatîtê kronîk re pêş bikevin. Rakirina cixarê jî dibe ku metirsiyê kêm bike.
• Vexwarina zêde ya alkolê jî dikare bibe sedema pankreatîtê domdar, nexweşiyek ku bi zêdebûna xetereya kansera pankreasê ve girêdayî ye.
• Pankreatîta kronîk bi gelek genan re têkildar e, nemaze dema ku bi faktorên xeternak ên din re were hev kirin. Dîrokek malbatî ya enfeksiyonê bi xetereyek bilind ve girêdayî ye.

Tevliheviyên Pancreatitis

Ger pankreatît neyê dermankirin an jî nebaş were rêvebirin, dibe ku bibe sedema tevliheviyên giran:

• Kidney failure: Acute pancreatitis may compromise the kidneys' ability to filter waste from the blood.
• Breathing problems: Acute pancreatitis can alter lung function, leading to dangerously low blood oxygen levels.
• Pancreatic Pseudocysts: A pseudocyst is a "pocket" within the pancreas where fluid and particles can accumulate due to both acute and chronic pancreatitis. Ruptures of large pseudocysts can result in complications, such as infection and internal bleeding.
• Infections: Acute pancreatitis may increase the pancreas's susceptibility to infections. Serious pancreatic infections require aggressive treatments, including surgery or other methods to remove infected tissue.
• Diabetes: Diabetic conditions can arise from damage to the cells that produce insulin.
• Malnutrition: Impaired digestion and nutrient absorption can lead to malnutrition.
• Pancreatic cancer: Pancreatic cancer is a risk factor for persistent pancreas infection.

How is Pancreatitis Diagnosed?

Diagnosing pancreatitis involves a series of tests and examinations to confirm this condition and determine its severity. The doctor treating you will review your medical history. A physical checkup will be conducted to assess abdominal tenderness, swelling, or jaundice. Several imaging and blood tests may also be performed, including:

• Xwîna Xwîn: Analysing blood samples for elevated levels of pancreatic enzymes, such as amylase and lipase, whose increased levels indicate pancreatic inflammation.
• Lêkolîna Imaging
  • Ultrasound: A non-invasive imaging technique that helps visualise the pancreas and surrounding areas, detecting inflammation or blockages.
  • EUS (endoscopic ultrasound): This internal ultrasonography is performed while you are asleep, using a flexible tube called an endoscope.
  • CT Scan: A detailed imaging method that provides clearer images of the pancreas, aiding in identifying inflammation or complications.
  • MRCP (Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography): This creates detailed pictures of your pancreas, gallbladder, and pancreatic and bile ducts using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To enhance the clarity of the photographs, a dye is injected into your vein.
  • Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): In this procedure, a flexible tube with a camera is passed through the mouth to examine the pancreas, bile ducts, and surrounding areas. It can identify blockages or structural abnormalities.
• Testên stoolê: Nirxandina nimûneyên tîrêjê ji bo naveroka rûnê dibe alîkar ku hûn diyar bikin ka pankreas di vejandina rûn de bi rêkûpêk tevdigere.
• Biyopsî: Carinan, dibe ku nimûneyek tevnvîsê ji pankreasê ji bo muayeneyê were berhev kirin da ku teşhîs piştrast bike an şert û mercên din ji holê rabike.

How is Pancreatitis Treated?

Dermankirina pankreatîtê li ser sivikkirina nîşanan, çareserkirina sedema bingehîn, û pêşîlêgirtina tevliheviyan disekine. Li gorî giraniya rewşê, rêbazên dermankirinê dikarin cûda bibin:

• Pain Management: Severe, persistent pain is a common side effect of chronic pancreatitis. Your doctor will not only provide medication but also investigate the underlying causes or painful consequences of chronic pancreatitis. Injections to stop nerve impulses from the pancreas to the brain or surgeries to increase pancreatic outflow are possible forms of treatment. A pain expert could be recommended to you.
• Fluid and Nutritional Support: Patients may require intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration and maintain electrolyte balance. In severe cases where eating is problematic, a feeding tube or nutritional supplements may be necessary.
• Gallstones: It could be advised to have the gallbladder surgically removed if pancreatitis was brought on by gallstones. Cholecystectomy is the term for this operation.
• Alcohol Dependency: An alcohol addiction treatment program is advised if pancreatitis is due to excessive alcohol consumption. Drinking alcohol continuously makes pancreatitis worse and can have major consequences.
• Alterations to medications: Your medical practitioner will collaborate with you to explore other choices if a medication is the likely cause of acute pancreatitis.
• Percutaneous Drainage or Surgery: In cases of fluid collection or severe complications, drainage procedures or surgery might be necessary to remove the fluid or treat damaged pancreatic tissue.
• Enzymes to facilitate better digestion: You may use pancreatic enzyme supplements if diarrhoea or weight loss are symptoms of chronic pancreatitis. These enzyme supplements, when taken with each meal, assist your body in utilising and breaking down the nutrients in food.
• Lifestyle Changes: Adopting a low-fat diet, quitting smoking, and maintaining a healthy weight are crucial for managing pancreatitis and preventing recurrences.

Prevention of Pancreatitis

Pêşîlêgirtina pankreatîtê bi pejirandina şêwazek jiyanek tendurist û rêvebirina faktorên xetereyê yên bingehîn digire da ku îhtîmala enfeksiyonê di hundurê pankreasê de kêm bike:

• Moderate Alcohol Consumption: You can also reduce your chance of developing pancreatitis and defend your pancreas from the dangerous consequences of alcohol by consuming less or not at all.
• Healthy Diet: Maintain a balanced diet that is low in fats, refined sugars, and processed ingredients to support pancreas health.
• Lose Excess Weight by Engaging in Regular Exercise: Gallstones may be prevented from developing by losing excess weight and retaining it by ingesting a balanced food regimen and getting regular exercise.
• Avoid Smoking: Quitting smoking decreases the chances of developing pancreatitis and various related problems.
• Medication Use: Follow prescribed medications cautiously and regularly.

Pancreatitis, çi akût an kronîk be, pêdivî bi guhdana bijîjkî ya bilez heye. Lêgerîna lênihêrîna bijîjkî ya biwext û pejirandina şêwazek jiyanek tendurist dikare xeter û bandora pankreatîtê bi girîngî kêm bike. Bi pêşîgirtina van verastkirinên şêwaza jiyanê û birêvebirina şert û mercên tenduristiyê yên bingehîn, kes dikarin xetera pêşkeftina pankreatîtê bi girîngî kêm bikin.