Isifuba Somoya - Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Ukwelashwa kanye Namakhambi

Isifuba somoya, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-asthma ye-bronchial, yi-a isimo samaphaphu. Kuyisifo esingelapheki (esiqhubekayo), okusho ukuthi ngeke siphele futhi sizodinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuqhubekayo. Nokho, singathatha izinyathelo zokuphepha kusengaphambili ngokuthola ulwazi ngezimbangela nokwelashwa Kwesifuba Somoya.

Ngena esibhedlela esingcono kakhulu ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kwesifuba somoya e-Hyderabad ngaphambi kokuthi sibulale.

Ukuhlasela Kwesifuba

Lapho uphefumula njalo, imisipha ezungeze imigudu yakho yokuphefumula iyakhululeka, ivumele umoya ukuba udlule ngokukhululeka nangokunethezeka. Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yi-asthma, izinto ezintathu ezilandelayo zingenzeka:

• I-Bronchospasm: Imisipha ezungeza imigudu yomoya iyaqina (qinisa). Lapho zifinyela, imigudu yakho yomoya iba mincane. Imigudu yokuphefumula eminyene ivimbela umoya ukuthi ungagelezi ngokukhululeka.
• Ukuvuvukala: Uhlaka lwemigudu yakho yokuphefumula luyavuvukala. Imigudu yomoya evuvukele ikhawulela inani lomoya ongena futhi ophuma emaphashini akho.
• Ukukhiqizwa kwamafinyila: Umzimba wakho ukhiqiza amafinyila amaningi ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya. Amafinyila avimba imigudu yokuphefumula.
• Lapho imigudu yakho yomoya iba mincane, umsindo ohefuzayo udalwa lapho uphefumula. Isiqephu sesifuba somoya saziwa nangokuthi i-exacerbation noma i-flare-up. Yilokho okwenzekayo lapho i-asthma yakho ingalawulwa.

Izigaba ze Asthma

Ngokwezimbangela kanye nobukhulu bezimpawu, Isifuba Somoya singahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezahlukene:

• Isikhawu: Lolu hlobo lwesifuba somoya luyafika luphinde luhambe ukuze uzizwe ujwayelekile phakathi kokuvutha kwesifuba somoya.
• Ukuphikelela: Uma unesifuba somoya eziphikelelayo, uba nezimpawu cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Izimpawu zingasukela kokuncane kuye kwezinzima. Ubukhulu besifuba somoya bunqunywa ukuthi uvame ukuba nezimpawu. Amandla okwenza imisebenzi ngesikhathi sokuhlasela nawo ayacatshangelwa.

Ingase futhi ihlukaniswe ngaphansi:

• Ukungezwani komzimba: Ukungezwani komzimba nakho kungabangela ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya kubantu abathile. Isikhunta, impova, kanye ne-pet dander yizibonelo zezinto ezingezwani nomzimba.
• Okungaguli: Ukuqubuka kwesifuba somoya kungadalwa yizizathu ezingezona ezokungezwani komzimba. Ukuzivocavoca, ukucindezeleka, ukugula, nesimo sezulu konke kungabangela ukuhlaselwa.

Isifuba somoya singaba futhi:

• Ukuqala kwabantu abadala: Lolu hlobo lwesifuba somoya luqala ngemva kweminyaka engu-18.
• Udokotela wezingane: Lolu hlobo lwesifuba somoya, oluvame ukwaziwa ngokuthi yi-asthma yezingane, ngokuvamile luqala ngaphambi kweminyaka emihlanu futhi lungathinta izingane ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nojahidada. Kukhona ithuba lokuthi Izingane zingase zikhule ngaphezu kwe-Asthma.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona lezi zinhlobo ze-asthma:

• I-asthma ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca: Ebizwa nangokuthi i-bronchospasm eyenziwe ngokuzivocavoca. Kubangelwa uhlobo oluthile lokuzikhandla.
• Isifuba somoya emsebenzini: Lolu hlobo lwesifuba somoya luvame ukuvela kubantu abasebenza ngokuyinhloko ezintweni ezicasulayo.
• I-asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isifuba somoya kanye nesifo se-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) kukhona. Zombili izifo zenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.

Ubani Ongathola Isifuba Somoya?

Isifuba somoya singakhula kunoma ubani kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Isifuba somoya sivame ukwenzeka kulabo abangezwani nezinto ezithile ngenxa yokucasuka.

Ngokwezibalo, abesifazane banethuba eliphezulu lokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya kunabesilisa.

Izinkinga Zesifuba Somoya

Yini ebangela isifuba somoya?

Abacwaningi basazothola ukuthi kungani abanye abantu beba nesifuba somoya kanti abanye abakwenzi. Nokho, izimo eziningana zandisa ingozi:

• Ukungezwani komzimba: Uma une-allergies, maningi amathuba okuba uthole isifuba somoya.
• Izici zemvelo: Abantu abachayeka ezintweni ezicasula imigudu yokuphefumula bangase babe nesifuba somoya. Ama-Allergens, ubuthi, intuthu, kanye nentuthu kagwayi noma eyesithathu kuyizibonelo zalezi zinto ezicasulayo. Lokhu kuyingozi ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa nasezinganeni ezincane, amasosha azo omzimba angakakhuli ngokugcwele.
• I-Genetics: Usengozini enkulu yokuthola isifuba somoya noma izifo zokungezwani nomzimba uma umndeni wakho unomlando wazo.
• Izifo zokuphefumula: Amagciwane afana ne-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), angalimaza amaphaphu akhulayo engane.

I-Asthma Ebangeli

Uma uhlangana nama-irritants, ungase uhlaselwe yi-asthma. Ukwazi ukuthi yini ebangela ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya kwenza kube lula ukugwema ukuhlaselwa.

Indlela i-trigger esabela ngayo iyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kwabanye, ukuhlasela kungase kuqale ngokushesha kuyilapho kwabanye kungase kuqale amahora noma izinsuku kamuva.

Izibangeli zingahluka kumuntu ngamunye. Kodwa ezinye izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukungcoliswa komoya - Ukukhishwa kwefekthri, isisi esikhipha umoya wezimoto, nentuthu yomlilo wequbula konke kuyizibonelo zokungcoliswa komoya.
• Izibungu Zothuli - Izibungu zothuli ziyizinambuzane ezingenakubonwa ngeso lenyama. Zingabangela ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya uma unesifo sokungezwani nothuli.
• Ukuzivocavoca - Ukuzivocavoca kungabangela ukuhlaselwa kwabantu abathile.
• Isikhunta - Isikhunta singakhula endaweni enomswakama, okungaba yinkinga uma unesifuba somoya. Ukuhlaselwa kungenzeka noma ngabe awuguliswa yisikhunta.
• Izinambuzane - Amaphela, miIzilwane ezifuywayo zakho zingase zibangele iziqephu zesifuba somoya.
• Izilwane ezifuywayo - Ukuphefumula i-pet dander (ama-flakes esikhumba esomile) kungacasula imigudu yakho yokuphefumula uma uguliswa yiwo.
• Intuthu kagwayi - Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho ebhema, maningi amathuba okuba uthole isifuba somoya. Akufanele neze ubheme ezindaweni ezivalekile njengemoto noma indlu yakho, futhi ukuyeka ukubhema yiyona ndlela engcono kakhulu.
• Izinto eziyingozi noma iphunga - Abanye abantu bangase bacushwe yilezi zinto.
• Izingozi ezithile zomsebenzi - Imikhiqizo yokuhlanza, ufulawa noma uthuli lwezinkuni, namanye amakhemikhali ngezinye zezinto ongachayeka kuzo emsebenzini. Uma unesifuba somoya, zonke zingaba yizimbangela.

Izimpawu Nezimpawu Zesifuba Somoya

Abantu abanesifuba somoya ngokuvamile banezimpawu ezisobala. Lezi zimpawu nezimpawu zifana nezifo eziningi zokuphefumula:

• Ukuqina kwesifuba, ubuhlungu, noma ingcindezi.
• Ukukhwehlela (ikakhulukazi ebusuku).
• Ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Ukushisa.

Ungase ungabi nazo zonke lezi zimpawu ngakho konke ukuhlasela kwesifuba somoya. Isifuba somoya esingalapheki singadala izimpawu nezinkomba ezihlukahlukene ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Phakathi kokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya, izimpawu zingase zishintshe.

Sifo

Ngokuvamile kwenziwa umlando onikezwe isiguli kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-spirometric.

Ukwelashwa

Ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya nokugcina ukulawula isikhathi eside kubalulekile. Ukufunda ukubona izimbangela zakho, ukuthatha imizamo yokuzigwema, kanye nokuhlela ukuphefumula kwakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithi yakho igcina izimpawu zakho zilawulwa konke kuyingxenye yokwelashwa.

Imithi

Isikhati eside imithi yokulawula isifuba somoya- Ziyizinsika zokwelashwa kwe-asthma futhi ngokuvamile zithathwa nsuku zonke. Le mithi isiza ukugcina isifuba somoya silawulwa nsuku zonke futhi sinciphisa amathuba okuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya. Izinhlobo zemithi yokulawula isikhathi eside zifaka:

• I-corticosteroids ephefumulelwe - Kudingeka zisetshenziswe izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini ngaphambi kokuba zifinyelele inzuzo yazo enkulu. I-corticosteroids ehogeliwe uma iqhathaniswa ne-oral corticosteroids inengozi ephansi uma kuqhathaniswa yemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
• I-Leukotriene modifiers. Le mithi yomlomo isiza ukukhulula izimpawu ze-asthma.
  • I-Montelukast iye yahlotshaniswa nokuyaluza, udlame, ukubona izinto ezingekho, ukucindezeleka, nokucabanga ukuzibulala, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu kusabela, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Ama-inhalers ahlanganisiwe. Le mithi iqukethe i-beta-agonist esebenza isikhathi eside kanye ne-corticosteroid.
• I-Theophylline. Kuyiphilisi lansuku zonke elisiza ukugcina imigudu yokuphefumula ivulekile ngokuphumuza imisipha ezungeze imigudu yomoya. Ayisetshenziswa kaningi njengeminye imithi ye-asthma futhi idinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile.

Imithi yokukhulula ngokushesha (yokuhlenga). - Asetshenziswa njengoba kudingeka ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya ukuze kukhululeke izimpawu zesikhashana. Uma udokotela wakho ekuncoma, ungawathatha futhi ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca. Izinhlobo zemithi yokwelapha ngokushesha zihlanganisa:

• Ama-beta-agonists abamba isikhathi esifushane. Lawa ma-bronchodilator asebenza ngokushesha ahogelwe futhi asebenze ngokushesha ukuze akhulule izimpawu ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya. I-inhaler ephathekayo, ephathwa ngesandla noma i-nebulizer, umshini oguqula imithi ye-asthma ibe yinkungu enhle, ingasetshenziswa ukuthatha ama-beta-agonists asebenza isikhathi esifushane. Bahogelwa kusetshenziswa okomlomo noma imaskhi yobuso.
• Ama-Anticholinergic agents. Basebenza ngokushesha ukuze bakhulule ngokushesha imigudu yakho yokuphefumula, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula. Asetshenziselwa kakhulu i-emphysema kanye ne-bronchitis engapheli, kodwa angasetshenziswa ukwelapha isifuba somoya.
• I-corticosteroids yomlomo kanye ne-intravenous. Le mithi isiza ekudambiseni ukuvuvukala komzila womoya we-asthmatic. Ngenxa yokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwale mithi kungase kuveze imiphumela emibi eyingozi, isetshenziselwa kuphela ukwelapha izimpawu ezinzima zesifuba somoya.

Uma unokuqubuka kwesifuba somoya, i-inhaler ekhulula ngokushesha ingadambisa izimpawu zakho ngaso leso sikhathi. Kodwa akufanele udinge ukusebenzisa i-inhaler yakho yokukhulula ngokushesha kaningi uma imithi yakho yokulawula isikhathi eside isebenza kahle.

Imithi yokungezwani komzimba ingasiza uma isifuba somoya sakho siqalwa noma siba sibi kakhulu ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• immunotherapy. Kancane kancane kunciphisa ukusabela kwamasosha omzimba wakho ezintweni ezingezwani nomzimba ezithile. Ngokuvamile uthola amashothi kanye ngesonto izinyanga ezimbalwa, bese kanye ngenyanga isikhathi esiyiminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu.
• I-Biologics. Le mithi iqondene ngqo nabantu abane-asthma enzima.

I-Bronchial Thermoplasty

Lokhu kwelashwa kubhekiselwa kukho lapho isifuba somoya esinamandla singasabelanga kahle ku-corticosteroids ehogelwe noma enye yesikhathi eside. ukwelashwa kwesifuba somoya. Ayitholakali kalula, futhi ayifanele wonke umuntu.

Manje njengoba sesazi yonke into ngezimpawu nokwelashwa kwe-asthma, kuwumkhuba omuhle ukuyinakekela kusenesikhathi ukugwema izinkinga ezinzima zempilo. Siphakathi kwesibhedlela esingcono kakhulu sokwelashwa kwesifuba somoya e-Hyderabad njengoba sigxile ekuxilongweni nasekwelapheni izifo ezihlukahlukene zokuphefumula. Kuyisikhungo esisodwa kuzo zonke izifo ezihlobene namaphaphu.

FAQ sika

Ingabe i-asthma isifo esiyingozi?

Isifuba somoya singaba yisimo esibucayi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kanzima. Kudinga ukuphathwa nokwelashwa okufanele ukulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga.

Ingabe isifuba somoya singahamba ngokwemvelo?

Isifuba somoya yisimo esingapheli; kuyilapho ezinye izingane zingase zikhule, kubantu abaningi, zidinga ukuphathwa kwesikhathi eside futhi zingase zingashabalali ngokuphelele.

Isiphi isiphuzo esilungele isifuba somoya?

Uketshezi olufudumele njengetiye lemithi noma amanzi afudumele anoju lungasiza ukuthobisa umphimbo othukuthele. Kodwa-ke, asikho isiphuzo esithile eselapha isifuba somoya.

Ingabe ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kusiza isifuba somoya?

Ukuhlala u-hydrated kubalulekile, kodwa abukho ubufakazi bokuthi ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngokweqile kuthuthukisa izimpawu zesifuba somoya.

Yini esiza ngesifuba somoya ebusuku?

Ukusebenzisa ama-inhalers noma ama-nebulizer anqunyiwe ngaphambi kokulala, ukugcina indawo yokulala ingenazo izinto ezibangela uthuli noma isilwane esifuywayo, nokulala nekhanda eliphakeme kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zesifuba somoya ebusuku.

Yikuphi ukukhululeka okusheshayo kwesifuba somoya?

Ama-bronchodilator asebenza isikhathi esifushane (i-recue inhalers) ayimithi esebenza ngokushesha yokudambisa izimpawu zesifuba somoya obukhali njengokushaywa umoya noma ukuphelelwa umoya. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho sokuphatha kahle isifuba somoya.