Amahlule Egazi Phakathi Nenkathi: Ingabe Kuvamile?

Amahlule okuya esikhathini noma amahlule egazi egazini lokuya esikhathini yinto eyenzeka kwabesifazane abaningi ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Odokotela bavame ukubhekisela kubo ngokuthi i-coagula yokuya esikhathini. Afana namabhulubhu afana nojeli wamangqamuzana egazi noma izicubu ezivela olwelweni lwesibeletho kanye nephrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-fibrin esiza igazi ukuba lihlule. Amahlule okuya esikhathini angaba ngosayizi, izimo, nemibala ehlukahlukene, kusukela kokuncane nokungabonakali kuya kwezinkulu, ezigqame kakhudlwana. Ukwakheka kwamahlule okuya esikhathini kuyingxenye evamile yomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane abaningi. Abaningi bethu bangase babe nemibuzo embalwa ezungeze amahlule okuya esikhathini: Siyini isizathu amahlule egazi ngezikhathi? Ingabe zisho okuthile okungalungile emzimbeni wami? Kufanele ngibonane nini nodokotela? Ake siphendule le mibuzo ngamunye ngamunye.

Ingabe amahlule egazi phakathi nesikhathi avamile?

Kwabaningi bethu, ukujwayelekile kusho isikhathi kodwa awekho amahlule egazi. Kungase kumangaze futhi kungajabulisi ukubona ama-globs aminyene egazi lokuya esikhathini, kodwa nakhu okuthile okuqinisekisayo: ngokuvamile, amahlule egazi avamile esikhathini. Azikhombisi inkinga, nakuba ngezikhathi ezithile, kungase kube uphawu lwesimo sezempilo esicashile. Umzimba womuntu unendlela yokuzivikela eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yamahlule okuya esikhathini awugqinsi, ukuthungwa okufana nejeli. Lo mshini uvimbela igazi eliningi ukuthi lingaphumi.

Kuyindlela yemizimba yethu yokuzinakekela, efana nokwakheka kwehlule lapho kukhona ukulimala kwezicubu, njengokusikeka noma ukusikwa. Lawa mahlule okuya esikhathini avamile lapho ukugeleza kusinda kakhulu phakathi nezinsuku ezimbili zokuqala zokuya esikhathini. Lawa mahlule angafika ngemibala ehlukene, kusukela kokubomvu okukhanyayo kuya kumthunzi ojulile, omnyama. Amahlule amakhulu angase abonakale amnyama. Ngasekupheleni kwesikhathi ngasinye, igazi lokuya esikhathini lingase libe mnyama, libe nsundu ngokwengeziwe njengoba igazi liya likhula futhi lishiya umzimba ngesivinini esincane.

Senza Kanjani Umehluko Phakathi Kwamahlule Avamile Nangajwayelekile Ngaleso sikhathi? 

Abaningi bethu bangase bakuthole kunzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalokho okubhekwa “njengokuvamile” nokuthi yini engase ibe imbangela yokukhathazeka uma kuziwa emahlulekeni okuya esikhathini. Sidinga futhi ukucaciswa kokuhlukile izinhlobo zamahlule egazi phakathi nenkathi.

Uma uhlangabezana namahlule amancane okwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, awudingi ukukhathazeka ngakho. Lawa mahlule amancane, abonakala egqamile noma ebomvu ngokumnyama, ngokuvamile avamile emjikelezweni wokuya esikhathini.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma uvame ukuzwa amahlule amakhulu, adlula ubukhulu bekota okwenzeka kaningi, kungase kubonise isimo sezempilo esicashile.

Yiziphi Izimbangela Zamahlule Phakathi Nenkathi Yokuya esikhathini? 

Igazi lokuya esikhathini ngokuvamile liyajiya esibelethweni noma esithweni sangasese, okufana nokujiya kwenxeba lesikhumba esivulekile. Ukuvumelana kwegazi lokuya esikhathini kuyahlukahluka kulo lonke umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini futhi kusukela esikhathini kuya kwesinye. Kujwayelekile ukuthi ukugeleza kube nzima ngamahlule inyanga eyodwa futhi kube lula ngaphandle kwamahlule ngokulandelayo. Lezi zinguquko ziyingxenye yomjikelezo wemvelo wokuya esikhathini. Izikhathi ezinzima ezinamahlule nazo zingaba ngenxa yezifo ezahlukahlukene, njenge:

• I-Endometriosis: endometriosis yisimo lapho izicubu ezivame ukugxila ngaphakathi kwesibeletho sakho, ezaziwa ngokuthi amaseli e-endometrial, ziqala ukukhula ngaphandle kwesibeletho. Lokhu kukhula okungavamile kungenzeka kuma-ovari, amashubhu e-fallopian, indawo engaphandle yesibeletho, ngisho nakwezinye izitho ezingaphakathi kwe-pelvis. I-Endometriosis ingabangela izimpawu eziningi, kuhlanganise:
  • Izikhathi Ezibuhlungu (i-Dysmenorrhea): Lobu buhlungu bungaqala ngaphambi kwesikhathi sakho futhi bunwebe izinsuku ezimbalwa kubo. Ubuhlungu bungase buqine kakhulu kunezinhlungu ezivamile zokuya esikhathini.
  • Ubuhlungu bePelvic: Lokhu kungenzeka kokubili ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini nangezinye izikhathi phakathi nenyanga, ngokuvamile kuba okungamahlalakhona.
  • Ukungakhululeki Ngesikhathi Socansi: Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuya ocansini buvamile kulabo abane-endometriosis.
  • Ukungazali: Ngezinye izikhathi i-Endometriosis iqala ukutholwa kulabo abafuna ukwelashwa ukungazali.
  • Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokukhathala: Lezi zimpawu zingaba nzima kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini.
  • Ukopha Okungavamile: Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise izikhathi ezinzima (i-menorrhagia) noma ukopha phakathi kokuya esikhathini (i-spotting), okungase futhi kubandakanye ukujiyisa.
• I-Adenomyosis: I-Adenomyosis yenzeka lapho izicubu ezivame ukuhlanganisa isibeletho (i-endometrium) ziqala ukukhula zibe odongeni lwemisipha lwesibeletho. Lesi simo sidala ukuthi isibeletho sikhule futhi singaholela kulokhu:
  • Ukopha Okuningi kokuya esikhathini: Izikhathi zingase zibe nzima kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, zihlale isikhathi eside kunobude obujwayelekile.
  • Amajaqamba Anzima: Lawa angashuba futhi ahlale phakathi nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini.
  • Isibeletho Esikhulisiwe: Kwezinye izimo, isibeletho singaba thambile futhi sikhuliswe kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi sifane nobukhulu obungaba ngaso phakathi nokukhulelwa.
  • Ubuhlungu obungapheli be-Pelvic: Ukungakhululeki kungase kuqhubeke futhi kungagcini nje ukuya esikhathini.
• Izimila Zomdlavuza Esibelethweni kanye Nomlomo Wesibeletho: Izimila ezinomdlavuza esibelethweni (umdlavuza we-endometrial) noma umlomo wesibeletho (umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho) zingaba yimbangela eyingozi yokopha okukhulu kokuya esikhathini. Lezi zimila zingaphazamisa ukuchithwa okuvamile kolwelwesi lwesibeletho, okuholela ku:
  • Ukopha Okunzima noma Okungajwayelekile: Lokhu kungabandakanya izikhathi ezinzima kakhulu kunokuvamile noma ukopha phakathi nokuya esikhathini.
  • Ukopha Kwangemva kokuya esikhathini: Noma yikuphi ukopha ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kuyifulegi elibomvu futhi kufanele lihlolwe ngokushesha.
  • Ubuhlungu: Ubuhlungu be-pelvic bungenzeka, ikakhulukazi njengoba umdlavuza uqhubeka.
• Ukungalingani Kwe-Hormonal: Amahomoni e-estrogen ne-progesterone alawula umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Ukungalingani kulawa ma-hormone kungaholela ekushintsheni kolwelwesi lwesibeletho, okuholela ku:
  • Ukopha Okunamandla Okuya esikhathini: Lokhu kungenzeka uma kune-estrogen eningi ehlobene ne-progesterone, okubangela ukuthi ulwelwesi lwe-endometrial lujiye kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba luchitheke.
  • Izimbangela Zokungalingani KweHormonal: Lokhu kungalingani kungabangelwa izici ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:
  • I-Perimenopause ne-Menopause: Njengoba usondela ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini, amazinga e-hormone angashintshashintsha kakhulu, okuholela ezikhathini ezingajwayelekile noma ezinzima.
  • Ukucindezeleka: Amazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka angaphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni, okuholela ekungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini.
  • Izinguquko Ezibalulekile Zesisindo: Kokubili ukuzuza kwesisindo nokuncipha kungase kuthinte amazinga e-hormone, ikakhulukazi i-estrogen, egcinwa ezicutshini zamafutha.
• Ukukhulelwa Kusencane (Ukuphuphunyelwa Kwesisu): Ukukhulelwa okuningi kugcina kuphuphunyelwa yizisu, isikhathi esiningi umuntu engakaqapheli nokuthi ukhulelwe. Ukulahleka kokukhulelwa kusenesikhathi, ngokuvamile emasontweni okuqala ayi-12, kungaholela kulokhu:
  • Ukopha Okukhulu: Lokhu kungase kube nzima kunesikhathi esivamile futhi kungabandakanya amahlule amakhulu egazi.
  • Amajaqamba Anzima: Ubuhlungu bungaba bukhulu futhi bungase buzwe njengamajaqamba anamandla okuya esikhathini noma ukufinyela okufana nokubeletha.
  • Ukuvala amahlule: Ukopha kuvame ukuhlanganisa amahlule, okungenzeka kube yizicubu eziphuma esibelethweni.
  • I-Von Willebrand Disease (VWD): Isifo sika-Von Willebrand isifo sokopha ngofuzo esithinta amandla egazi okujiyisa. Nakuba kungavamile, kungabangela:
  • Ukugeleza Okunzima Kwesikhathi: Lokhu kuvame ukuba ngolunye lwezimpawu zokuqala kubantu abane-VWD, futhi izikhathi zingase zibe zinde futhi zibe nzima kunokuvamile.
  • Ukuthambekela Kokopha Okulula: Lokhu kungahlanganisa ukopha njalo, izinsini ezophayo, noma ukopha kakhulu ngenxa yokusikeka okuncane.
  • Umlando Womndeni: Njengoba i-VWD izuzwa njengefa, kungase kube nomlando womndeni wezinkinga zokopha

Yiziphi Izinkinga Eziyinhloko Zenkathi Yokopha Kakhulu Ngamahlule?

Ukopha kakhulu esikhathini kungase kubangele ukuntuleka kwensimbi i-anemia, ebonakala ngokukhathala, ukuba buthakathaka, ukuphaphatheka, ukuphelelwa umoya, nezinhlungu esifubeni.

Ingabe Ukuxilonga Imbangela Yamahlule Egazi Anzima Phakathi Nenkathi Kungenzeka?

Yebo, kungenzeka ukuxilonga isizathu samahlule ezikhathini. Udokotela wakho uzobuza imibuzo ehlukahlukene mayelana nomlando wakho wezokwelapha, enze ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, acele ukuvala igazi phakathi nezimpawu zenkathi, ahlole ukuhlolwa kwegazi, futhi enze i-ultrasound noma ezinye izivivinyo ze-imaging ukuze anqume imbangela yamahlule amakhulu egazi phakathi naleso sikhathi.

Kuyini Ukwelashwa Kwezinkinga Ezihlobene Nesikhathi Sokushiswa Kwegazi?

Odokotela bangase banikeze izinto zokuvimbela inzalo ezinama-hormone, njengama-IUD akhipha i-progestin noma amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo, ukuze balawule ukopha kakhulu kokuya esikhathini namahlule. Kulabo abagwema amahomoni, imithi efana ne-tranexamic acid, ethinta ukujiya kwegazi, iyindlela yokukhetha.

Kwesinye isikhathi, udokotela angase asikisele izinketho zokuhlinzwa, okuhlanganisa ukunwetshwa nokwelashwa (D no-C) ukuze kutholakale usizo lokuxilonga noma lwesikhashana kanye nokuhlinzwa okufana ne-myomectomy noma i-hysterectomy yokubhekana nezimo ezifana ne-fibroids.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphatha amahlule okuya esikhathini ukulawula ukopha okukhulu kokuya esikhathini.

• Imithi: Imithi ngokuvamile iyisinyathelo sokuqala ekwelapheni amahlule egazi phakathi nesikhathi sakho. Bangasiza ukulawula umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini, ukunciphisa ukopha, nokulawula noma yiziphi izimo ezicashile. Nazi ezinye izinketho ezijwayelekile:
  • Imithi Ye-Hormonal:
    • Amaphilisi Okulawula Ukuzalwa: Lawa maphilisi asiza ukulinganisela amahomoni akho, enze izikhathi zakho zibe lula futhi anciphise amathuba okugoqa kwegazi.
    • I-Hormonal IUD: Lo mshini omncane ufakwa esibelethweni bese ukhipha amahomoni akha ulwelwesi lwesibeletho, angasiza ekunciphiseni ukopha okukhulu namahlule.
    • Amaphilisi noma Imijovo ye-Progesterone: Le mithi isiza ukunciphisa ukopha okukhulu ngokunciphisa ulwelwesi lwesibeletho.
  • Imithi engeyona i-Hormonal:
    • Izidakamizwa Zokukhulula (ama-NSAID): Imithi engaphezu kwe-counter efana ne-ibuprofen ingasiza ekunciphiseni kokubili ubuhlungu nokopha phakathi nesikhathi sakho.
    • I-Tranexamic Acid: Lo muthi usiza igazi lakho ukuthi lihlule kangcono, okunganciphisa ukopha okukhulu.
    • I-Iron Supplements: Uma ukopha okukhulu kubangele amazinga ensimbi aphansi (i-anemia), izithako zensimbi zingasiza ukukhulisa amandla akho kanye nempilo yonke.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Uma imithi inganele, noma uma kunenkinga ethile efana ne-fibroids ebangela amahlule, ukuhlinzwa kungase kube inketho. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa luncike ekutheni yini edala inkinga:
  • Izinqubo Ezingangeneleli Kancane:
    • I-Hysteroscopy: Lena inqubo lapho udokotela ebheka ngaphakathi esibelethweni ngekhamera encane futhi angasusa izimila ezincane njengama-polyps noma ama-fibroids okungenzeka abangele ukopha okukhulu.
    • I-Endometrial Ablation: Le nqubo isusa noma icekele phansi ulwelwesi lwesibeletho ukunciphisa noma ukumisa ukopha okukhulu. Ngokuvamile kunconywa kwabesifazane abangahlelile ukuba nezingane eziningi.
  • Ukususwa Kokuhlinzwa Kwe-Fibroids:
    • I-Myomectomy: Lokhu kuhlinzwa kususa ama-fibroids esibelethweni kuyilapho kugcinwa isibeletho siqinile, okubalulekile uma ufuna ukuba nezingane esikhathini esizayo.
    • I-Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE): Lena inqubo ehlasela kancane eshwabanisa ama-fibroids ngokunqamula ukutholakala kwegazi lawo, okusiza ukwehlisa ukopha namahlule.
  • I-Hysterectomy:
    • I-Hysterectomy: Lokhu ukususwa ngokuphelele kwesibeletho. Kuyisixazululo esihlala njalo esimisa ukuya esikhathini futhi ngokuvamile sicatshangelwa lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi futhi usuqedile ukuba nezingane.

Indlela yokuphatha izimpawu zamahlule egazi?

Ukulawula izimpawu zamahlule egazi phakathi nesikhathi sakho kuhilela inhlanganisela yezinguquko zendlela yokuphila, amakhambi atholakala ezitolo, futhi, kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokusiza ukuphatha izimpawu:

• Sebenzisa I-Heat Therapy: Ukufaka i-pad yokushisisa noma ibhodlela lamanzi ashisayo esiswini sakho esingezansi kungasiza ekudambiseni amajaqamba nokungakhululeki okuhambisana nokopha okukhulu namahlule.
• I-Stay Hydrated: Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kungasiza igazi lakho libe lincane, kwenze kube lula ngomzimba wakho ukuthi udlule amahlule futhi kwehlise nokuqina kwezimpawu.
• Izidakamizwa Eziqeda Ubuhlungu Ezingaphezu Kwe-Counter: Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) njenge-ibuprofen zingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu bokuya esikhathini nokopha. Bangasiza futhi ukulawula ukujiyisa ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-prostaglandin, ebangela ukuthi isibeletho sifinyele.
• Gqoka Ukuvikeleka Okulungile: Khetha amaphedi noma amathoni adonsa kakhulu ngezinsuku zakho zokugeleza ezinzima ukuze uhlale unethezekile futhi uvimbele ukuvuza.
• Ukuphumula Nokuphumula: Ukuzinika isikhathi sokuphumula, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinsuku ezinzima kakhulu zesikhathi sakho, kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka, okungase futhi kusize ekwehliseni ubunzima besikhathi sakho.
• Xhumana Nodokotela Ngemithi: Uma izinketho ezitholakala ekhawuntareni zinganele, udokotela angase anikeze imithi efana namaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa, i-tranexamic acid, noma i-progesterone ukusiza ukulawula ukopha okukhulu nokunciphisa amahlule.
• Gada Ukudla Kwakho: Ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo okucebile ngensimbi kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-anemia, evame ukopha kakhulu. Cabangela izithasiselo zensimbi uma kunconywe udokotela.
• Cabangela Ukwelashwa Kwezokwelapha Ngezimo Ezingaphansi: Uma amahlule akho ebangelwa izimo ezifana ne-fibroids noma i-endometriosis, ukwelashwa okufana nokuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa kwamahomoni kungase kudingeke ukuze ulawule izimpawu ngempumelelo.

Kufanele Ngibonane Nini Nodokotela Ukuze Ngithole Amahlule Esikhathi?

Uma uba namahlule egazi amakhulu angaphezu kosayizi wamagilebhisi, kuyatuseka ukuthi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Amahlule egazi amakhulu angabonisa isikhathi esinzima, esingase sibonise inkinga yezokwelapha ecashile futhi engase ibe yingozi. Uma isikhathi sakho sisinda ngokungavamile, okuholela esidingweni sokushintsha iphedi noma i-tampon njalo ngehora isikhathi eside, ukubonisana nodokotela wakho kubalulekile.