Ukuxhuga Kwengane: Izimbangela, Izimpawu, Ukuxilongwa Nokwelashwa

Abazali bangase bakhathazeke lapho ingane yabo ixhuga, njengoba kungase kubonise isimo sezempilo esicashile noma ukulimala. Ngokuvamile, ukuxhuga kwezingane kubangelwa ukulimala ngokomzimba; nokho, uma ingane ixhuga isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulimala ngokomzimba, kungase kube uphawu lwento engathi sína kakhulu. 

Uma ukuxhuga kuhambisana nobuhlungu, akufanele kuthathwe njengobuhlungu obukhulayo, njengoba izinhlungu ezinjalo azilokothi ziyimbangela yokuxhuga. Ukwelashwa okufanele kwengane exhugayo kuncike esimweni sezempilo esicashile. Ukuphumula nokuqapha kungase kwanele ezimweni ezithile, kuyilapho ukungenelela kwezokwelashwa kungase kudingeke kwezinye.

Izimpawu Zokuxhuga Enganeni

Ukuxhuga kungaba uphawu lokulimala noma isimo sezempilo; nokho, kungase kube nzima ukubona ezinganeni ezincane. Kunezimpawu ezithile ezingaba khona ngokuhambisana nokuxhuga:

• Ukuxhuga okuphinyiselwe noma ukukhetha umlenze owodwa lapho ugijima noma uhamba
• Ubuhlungu obuzwakala emlenzeni noma okhalweni olimele
• Ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala endaweni ethintekile
• Ukulahlekelwa umuzwa noma ukushoshozela onyaweni noma emlenzeni okuthintekayo
• Ukungakwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside
• Ubuhlungu ezinqeni
• Ukuwa okuphindaphindiwe
• Izikhalazo zokuzizwa ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni
• Ukunganyakazi kwezinzwane
• Ukuntuleka kokuzinza lapho uhamba

Izimbangela Zokuxhuga Ezinganeni

Izizathu zokuxhuga ezinganeni zingahluka, kusukela ekulimaleni okuncane kuya ezinkingeni ezinkulu zezempilo. Ezinye zalezi zizathu zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlukumezeka noma ukulimala enqulwini noma emlenzeni, njengokuphuka, ama-sprains, noma kokubili.
• Ukutheleleka okufana ne-osteomyelitis (ukutheleleka okubi kwethambo) kanye nesifo samathambo (ukutheleleka oketshezini oluhlangene kanye nezicubu ezihlangene), okungaholela ebuhlungu nokuvuvukala endaweni ethintekile.
• Izinkinga zefa noma zokuthuthuka, njenge-clubfoot noma i-hip dysplasia.
• Izinkinga zemisipha noma zezinzwa, njenge-muscular dystrophy noma i-peripheral neuropathy, engathinta ukunyakaza nokuxhumana.
• Ukuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco noma izifo ze-metabolic ezifana nama-rickets noma i-scurvy, ezingaba nomthelela ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamathambo.
• I-anomalies yesakhiwo emlenzeni noma emathanjeni e-hip, njengesifo se-Legg-Calve-Perthes noma i-Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis.
• Ukuba khona komdlavuza noma izimila endaweni ye-hip noma yomlenze, okungabangela ubuhlungu futhi kuvimbele ukunyakaza.
• Ukulimala noma Ukuhlukumezeka: Izimbangela ezivamile zokuxhuga ezinganeni zihlanganisa ama-sprains, izinhlungu, ukuphuka, noma ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile okubangelwa ukuwa, imisebenzi yezemidlalo, noma izingozi.
• Izimo ze-Musculoskeletal: Izimo ezithile ze-musculoskeletal noma ukungahambi kahle kwesakhiwo kungase kuholele ekuxhunyweni, njengesifo se-Legg-Calvé-Perthes, i-developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), i-capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), noma i-congenital epiphysis yezitho ezithintekayo.
• Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka kwamalunga (i-septic arthritis), izifo zamathambo (i-osteomyelitis), noma izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezithinta amalunga (isb., i-synovitis yesikhashana) kungabangela ukuxhuga okuhambisana nobuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, nokushisa.
• Izimo Ezivuthayo: Izifo ezivuthayo ezifana ne-juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) noma izimo ezizimele ezithinta amalunga zingaholela ekuxhunyweni ngenxa yokuvuvukala nobuhlungu obuhlangene.
• I-Neurological Disorders: Izimo ezithile ze-neurological ezifana ne-cerebral palsy, i-muscular dystrophy, noma ukungahambi kahle komgogodla kungathinta ukusebenza kwemisipha nokuxhumana, okuholela ekuxhumekeni noma ekunyakazeni okungavamile.
• Izimo Ezihlobene Nokukhula: Izimo ezithinta ukukhula noma ukukhula kwamathambo, njengesifo se-Osgood-Schlatter (esithinta idolo) noma isifo sika-Sever (esithinta isithende), singabangela ukuxhuga ezinganeni ezikhulayo.
• Izifo Ezitholakala Ngefa noma Zofuzo: Izifo zofuzo ezingavamile ezithinta ukukhula kwamathambo noma imisipha zingabonakala ngokuxhuga noma ukushintshwa kwamaphethini okuhamba.
• I-Metabolic Disorders: Izimo ze-metabolic ezithinta impilo yamathambo noma i-calcium metabolism ingaba nomthelela ekungajwayelekile kwamathambo nokuxhuga.
• Izimila noma Ubuningi: Akuvamile, izimila ezimbi noma ezimbi emathanjeni noma izicubu ezithambile zamaphethelo aphansi zingabangela ukuxhuga njengophawu oluvezayo.
• Izinkinga Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa: Ukuxhuga kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yezinqubo zokuhlinzwa ezibandakanya izitho ezingezansi, njengokuhlinzwa kwamathambo noma izinqubo zokubhekana nokungajwayelekile kokuzalwa.
   

Ukuxilongwa Kwe-Limping

Udokotela angase anikeze lezi zivivinyo ezilandelayo ukuze abone imbangela yokuxhuga ngokusekelwe kwezinye izimpawu. Uma kusolwa ukuphuka komlenze noma i-sprain njengembangela, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ama-X-ray, nama-ultrasounds angase asetshenziselwe ukuxilongwa. Ukuhlolwa okubili kungenziwa udokotela ukuze athole isizathu esiyisisekelo.

• Ukujikeleza okulingisa kwangaphakathi kwe-hip - Ingane ihlolwa kuyilapho izinqe zayo zinwetshiwe ngokuphelele, futhi abazali bayo bayibamba isifuba nesifuba. Ngokulinganisa ngokunembile ukujikeleza kwangaphakathi kwe-hip kulesi simo, isifo se-Perthes, i-synovitis, ne-arthritis ingatholakala.

• Ukuhlolwa kokucaca - Uma ingane ixhuga kodwa isakwazi ukukhasa, inkinga iphelela emlenzeni nasenyaweni. Ngenxa yalokho, i-hip ne-knee sepsis, kanye ne-pelvic osteomyelitis, ingakhishwa. Kodwa-ke, uma bebhekana nobunzima bokukhasa, kungase kube ngenxa ye-osteochondritis noma i-tibia foot fracture.

Ukwelapha Ukuxhuga Ezinganeni

Umuntu ongcono kakhulu wokuhlola isimo futhi atuse inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwenza udokotela.

• Ingane ingase idinge ukwelashwa ngokomzimba noma ukuvuselelwa ukuze ibuyisele amandla nokunyakaza esithweni esilimele.
• Uma ukukhubazeka kwesakhiwo noma ukulimala okudinga ukulungiswa kuyimbangela yokuxhuga, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa.
• Izinsimbi, ama-cast, noma ama-splints angasiza ekugcineni umlenze olimele noma inqulu uzinzile ngenkathi ululama.
• Ukuze kusizwe ingane ukuthi ihlale inyakaza lapho isitho siphola, kungase kuphakanyiswe izinsiza ezifana nezinduku zokudondolozela noma isihlalo sabakhubazekile.
• Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukululama futhi kuncishiswe ingozi yokulimala esikhathini esizayo, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezifana nokukhula kokuzivocavoca umzimba noma ukulungiswa kokudla kungase kwelulekwe.
• Uhlelo olufanele lokwelapha luzoncika ezindabeni eziyisisekelo zezokwelapha ezibangela ukuxhuga, njengezifo noma izifo ezivuthayo.
• Ukwelapha izifo, udokotela angase futhi atuse ama-antibiotic.
• Ukuhlolwa kokulandelela nokuqapha kungase kudingeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isimo sengane siyathuthuka futhi kwenziwe noma yiziphi izinguquko ezidingekayo zokwelashwa.
• Ukuphumula Nokulungisa Umsebenzi: Uma ukuxhuga kungenxa yokulimala okuncane noma ubunzima, phumula futhi ugweme imisebenzi eyenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kungase kwanele.
• Ukwelapha ngokomzimba: Ezindabeni ze-musculoskeletal noma izimo zokuthuthuka, ukwelapha ngokomzimba kungasiza ukuqinisa imisipha, ukuthuthukisa ukunyakaza okuhlukahlukene, nokulungisa ukungahambi kahle kokuhamba.
• Imithi: Imithi edambisa izinhlungu noma izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala zingase zibekwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukungakhululeki okubangelwa izimo ezithile.
• I-Bracing noma i-Orthotics: Ezimeni zezinkinga zesakhiwo noma okungavamile okuthinta ukuhamba, amathuluzi amathambo noma izinsimbi zokuhlanganisa zingase zinconywe ukuze kunikezwe ukwesekwa nokukhuthaza ukuqondana okufanele.
• Ukungenelela Ngokuhlinzwa: Ezimweni ezinzima noma eziqhubekayo ezifana nokungajwayelekile kokuzalwa, ukuphuka, noma izinkinga zamalunga, ukuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke ukuze kulungiswe inkinga ewumsuka.
• Ukwelashwa Kwezimo Ezingaphansi: Uma ukuxhuga kubangelwa i- ukutheleleka, isimo sokuvuvukala, noma ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa, ukwelashwa okufanele okuqondise isimo esithile kubalulekile.
• Ukulingisa noma Ukunganyakazi: Ezimweni ezithile, ukunganyakazi nge-cast noma i-splint kungase kudingeke ukuze kuzinze indawo ethintekile futhi kube lula ukuphulukiswa.
• Ukubonisana Kwamathambo: Ukubonisana nodokotela wezingane uchwepheshe wamathambo kunconywa ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nezinhlelo zokwelashwa ezilungiselelwe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zomntwana ngamunye.

Isiphetho

Ukulimala okuncane ngokomzimba, ukuvuvukala kwamalunga enyonga, noma ezinye izifo kungabangela izingane ukuba zixhuge. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo womzimba, izingane zivame ukuba nokulimala okuncane. Iziminya zokuphumula nezibandayo zivame ukusetshenziswa njengokwelapha ama-sprains athambile kanye nokuphuka okuyimbangela yokuxhuga. Ubukhulu besifo, nokho, bungase buthinte ukubikezelwa kobuhlungu bezitho obulethwa ezinye izifo. Bonana nodokotela uma ubona ingane ixhuga njalo noma uma ukuxhuga kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu, njengokungakwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside, ubuhlungu be-hip, noma ukuhamba kanzima.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Kufanele ngikhathazeke nini ngokuxhuga kwengane yami? 

Ezikhathini eziningi, ukuxhuga kwengane kuwumphumela wokulimala okuncane futhi akusona isizathu sokukhathazeka. Uma izimpawu zengane ziba zimbi kakhulu noma iqala ukugxumagxuma ngenkathi ibhekene ne-hip, ithanga, noma ubuhlungu bamadolo, kuhle ukuthi uthintane nodokotela.

2. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ingane yami ixhuga? 

Uma ingane yakho ixhuga ngenxa yokulimala okuncane njengebhamuza noma i-splinter, nikeza usizo lokuqala. Enye inketho ukufaka ama-compress afudumele noma abandayo imizuzu eyi-10 kuye kwengama-20. Uma ingane ikhononda ngokungahambi kahle, ungaphinda uyinikeze isidambisi sobuhlungu. Nokho, uma ubuhlungu buqhubeka futhi buhambisana ne-a imfiva, ububomvu, futhi ukuvuvukala, kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela ukuze athole imbangela eyinhloko.

3. Kungani ingane yami ixhugela lapho ihamba?

Ukuxhuga enganeni kungase kubangelwe izici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukulimala okungatheni (njengokukruneka noma izinhlungu), ukulimala okubi kakhulu (njengokuphuka), izifo, izimo ezivuvukalayo, noma izinkinga zempilo ezicashile ezithinta amathambo, amalunga, noma imisipha. Kubalulekile ukuhlola izimo ezithile futhi ucabangele ukubonisana nomhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze ahlolwe futhi axilongwe kahle.

4. Ingabe ingane iqala ukuxhuga ngenxa yomkhuhlane?

Uma ingane inomkhuhlane kanye nokuxhuga, kungase kubonise ukutheleleka okucashile noma isimo sokuvuvukala esithinta amalunga noma amathambo. Amagciwane afana ne-septic sokuqaqamba kwamalunga noma i-osteomyelitis ngezinye izikhathi ingaba nemfiva nokuxhuga.

5. Kungani ingane yami ixhugela futhi iguqula unyawo phakathi?

Ukuxhuga okuhambisana nokujikisa unyawo lungene ngaphakathi (e-toeing) kungase kube ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, njengezinkinga zokuqondisa inqulu noma umlenze, ukuqina kwemisipha, noma ukungahambi kahle kwesakhiwo onyaweni noma emathanjeni omlenze. Ukuhlola okuphelele okwenziwa ngumhlinzeki wokunakekelwa kwezempilo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nezifundo zokucabanga, kungase kudingeke ukuze kutholakale imbangela.

6. Kufanele ngikhathazeke nini ngokuxhuga kwengane yami?

Kufanele ucabangele ukuthola usizo lwezokwelapha uma ukuxhuga kwengane yakho kubelesela, kubi kakhulu, noma kuhlotshaniswa nezinye izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuhamba okulinganiselwe. Ukwengeza, uma ukuxhuga kulandela ukulimala noma ukuhlukumezeka, noma uma ingane yakho izwa ubuhlungu bokuthwala isisindo, kuyatuseka ukuthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze bayihlole.

7. Ingabe izingane ziyaxhuga ngenxa yezinhlungu ezikhulayo?

Izinhlungu ezikhulayo ngokuvamile zibangela ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu obuncane emilenzeni, ngokuvamile kusihlwa noma ebusuku, kodwa ngokuvamile azibangeli ukuxhuga. Uma ingane yakho ibhekene nokuxhuga okuphawulekayo noma ubuhlungu bendawo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ezinye izimbangela ezingase zibe khona futhi ufune ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.

8. Ingabe ukutheleleka ngegciwane kungadala ukuxhuga?

Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane zingaholela ekuvuvukeni kwamalunga noma imisipha, okungase kubangele ukuxhuga. Isibonelo, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njenge-coxsackievirus (isandla, unyawo, nesifo somlomo) noma umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela i-myositis (ukuvuvukala kwemisipha) noma isifo samathambo esisebenzayo, esingase siveze ubuhlungu obuhlangene nobunzima bokuhamba. Uma ingane yakho inesifo esibangelwa amagciwane futhi iqala ukuxhuga, kuyatuseka ukuthi uthintane nodokotela ukuze ayihlole nokuphathwa ngendlela efanele.