Ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli: Izimpawu, Izimbangela kanye Nokwelashwa

Ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli bungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yomuntu yansuku zonke, okwenza imisebenzi elula izwakale njengezinselele ezinkulu. Lezi zinhlungu zekhanda eziqhubekayo zithinta izigidi emhlabeni wonke, kubangela ukungakhululeki ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zekhanda, kuhlanganise nangaphambili. Nakuba ukuthola ikhambi eliphelele lekhanda elibuhlungu okungamahlalakhona kungase kube nzima, kunezindlela ezingenzeka kalula nezisebenzayo zokuphatha ubuhlungu nokuthuthukisa izinga lempilo.

Lesi sihloko sinikeza amathiphu abalulekile nezeluleko zekhanda elingapheli. Sizohlola izizathu, izimpawu, kanye nokuxilongwa kwalesi simo futhi sixoxe ngezinketho zokwelashwa kwekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli. 

Ziyini Izinhlungu Zekhanda Ezingamahlalakhona?

Ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli yizinhlungu zekhanda eziqhubekayo ezenzeka izinsuku ezingu-15 noma ngaphezulu ngenyanga okungenani izinyanga ezintathu. Lezi zinhlungu zekhanda zingadambisa futhi ziphazamise imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Akulona uhlobo oluthile lwekhanda elibuhlungu kodwa kunalokho igama elichazayo elisetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zekhanda. Okulandelayo yizinhlobo ezinhlanu eziyinhloko zekhanda elibuhlungu nsuku zonke (CDH): 

• Izinhlungu zekhanda zohlobo lwe-tension ezingapheli
• Imigraines engapheli
• I-Hemicrania iyaqhubeka
• Imithi engapheli isebenzisa ubuhlungu bekhanda ngokweqile 
• Okungapheli kuguquliwe migraine

I-migraine eguquliwe iba njalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuholela ekhanda elingemuva eliqhubekayo elinezimpawu ezinzima ze-migraine ngezikhathi ezithile. Lolu hlobo lwe-CDH lungaba inselele ikakhulukazi ukwelapha futhi lungase lusebenze njenge-syndrome yobuhlungu obungapheli kune-migraine evamile.
 

Izimbangela Zekhanda Elingapheli

Ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli bubangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, okubenza kube inselele ukuphatha. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:

• Ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo nokucindezeleka ngokuvamile kubangela ubuhlungu bekhanda obuqhubekayo. Izici Zemvelo: Izakhi ezithile, njengentuthu kagwayi, iphunga elinamandla, nezinto ezingezwani nazo, zingaba nomthelela ekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli. 
• I-Genetics: I-Genetics inomthelela omkhulu, ikakhulukazi ku-migraines, egijima emindenini. 
• Ukushintshashintsha kwamaHormonal: Izinguquko kumazinga e-hormone, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi ukukhulelwa, kungaholela ebuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli.
• Izimo Zesistimu: Kwezinye izimo, izimo zezokwelapha ezingaphansi ezifana i-sinusitis noma izifo ezindlebeni kungase kube imbangela.
• Ezinye Izimbangela: Ukushintsha kwendlela yokulala, ukweqa ukudla, nokusebenzisa imithi ngokweqile kuyizisusa ezengeziwe.  

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli buvame ukuvela ngenxa yenhlanganisela yalezi zici, okudala iwebhu eyinkimbinkimbi yezingcupho okungaba nzima ukuziqaqa.
 

Izimpawu Zekhanda Elingapheli

Ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli bubonakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, buthinta abantu izinsuku ezingu-15 noma ngaphezulu ngenyanga okungenani izinyanga ezintathu. Izimpawu zivame ukuncika ohlotsheni oluthile lwekhanda elingapheli. 

• I-migraines engapheli ngokuvamile ihlanganisa: 
  • Ubuhlungu obumaphakathi kuya kobunzima ohlangothini olulodwa lwekhanda, nokuzwa ukushaya ngamandla noma ukushaya ngamandla
  • Ubuhlungu bekhanda bungaba bumbi ngokusebenza ngokomzimba 
  • Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, izinkinga zenkumbulo, nokucasuka
  • Ngezinye izikhathi, ubuhlungu bekhanda bungase buhambisane nezinye izimpawu, njengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, nokuzwela ukukhanya nomsindo. 
• Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlungu zekhanda ezicindezelayo ezingapheli zivame ukuba yizinhlangothi zombili, azithinteki, futhi azikho izimpawu ezihambisanayo. 
• Abanye abantu babhekana nekhanda elisha elibeleselayo nsuku zonke, eliqala ngokuzumayo futhi liqhubeke izinyanga. Lezi zingahluka ngokuqina futhi zingabelana ngezimpawu nekhanda elibuhlungu noma imigraines. 

Sifo

Ukuxilongwa kwekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli kuhilela indlela ebanzi. 

• Umlando Wezempilo Nokuhlolwa Komzimba: Odokotela babheka amafulege abomvu angase aphakamise izimbangela zesibili zekhanda elibuhlungu, njengokuqala kungazelelwe noma ikhanda elibuhlungu elibi kakhulu ngokushintsha kwesimo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemithi kuvame ukuhambisana nama-syndromes ayinhloko ekhanda, okwenza ukubuyekezwa okuningiliziwe kwemithi kubaluleke kakhulu enqubweni yokuxilonga.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga:
  • Ukuhlolwa kwesithombe njengama-CT scan noma ama-MRIs kusiza ukukhipha izinkinga zesakhiwo noma amathumba. 
  • I-EEG ukuhlola ukuquleka. 
  • Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola izimo ezingaphansi njengezinkinga zegilo. Ngekhanda elisolwayo elihlobene ne-sinus, kungase kudingeke i-X-ray yezono. 
  • Ezimweni ezingavamile, odokotela bangase benze i-lumbar puncture ukuze bahlole uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal. 

Ukwelashwa Kwezinhlungu Zekhanda Ezingamahlalakhona

Ukwelashwa kobuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli kuyahlukahluka futhi kuncike ohlotsheni nobukhulu besimo. 

• Imithi Yokuvimbela:
  • Ama-beta blockers
  • Ama-anticonvulsants
  • antidepressant
  • I-Angiotensin II receptor blockers
  • Imijovo yobuthi be-botulinum A 
  • Amasosha omzimba e-Monoclonal aqondise ama-peptide ahlobene ne-calcitonin 
• Ukwelashwa okungezona ezemithi:
  • Ukwelashwa kwengqondo-yokuziphatha
  • I-Biofeedback
  • Amasu okuphumula 
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha:
  • I-acupuncture noma imithi eyenziwa ngesandla ingase inikeze impumuzo. 
  • Ngokuphathwa kwekhanda ngokweqile kwemithi, indlela eyinhloko ihilela ukuyeka umuthi osetshenziswe ngokweqile ngenkathi uqala imithi yokuvimbela.
  • Ngezinhlungu zekhanda ezingelapheki ezimelana nokwelashwa, izinqubo ezihlaselayo ezifana nezithikamezo zemizwa noma ukuvuselela ubuchopho okujulile kungase kucatshangelwe.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Ukuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli kubalulekile uma: 

• Ubuhlungu bekhanda buqala ukuba nomthelela empilweni yansuku zonke 
• Uma ama-over-the-counter edambisa izinhlungu ehluleka ukunikeza ukukhululeka kwekhanda okungapheli kwansuku zonke 
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibeleselayo eliphazamisa ukulala, umsebenzi, noma ubudlelwano 
• Uma ikhanda livela ngokuzumayo futhi kanzima futhi lizwakala njengekhanda elibuhlungu kunawo wonke ake abhekana nawo
• Uma ikhanda elibuhlungu lihambisana nezimpawu ezithile njengokuqina kwentamo, imfiva, ukuhlukunyezwa, ukudideka, noma izinguquko zobuntu
• Kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela wezinzwa ngekhanda elibuhlungu, njengoba angase azuze emithini kadokotela. 

Prevention

Ukuvimbela ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli kuhilela indlela ehlukahlukene, njenge:

• Ukugcina isimiso sokulala esingaguquki kubalulekile, njengoba ukungalali kahle kungase kubangele ubuhlungu bekhanda. 
• Ukuzivivinya okuvamile, okufana nemizuzu engu-30 kuya kwengu-50 yokuzivocavoca okunamandla okumaphakathi izikhathi ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu ngesonto, kunganciphisa imvamisa nokuqina kokuhlasela. 
• A Ukudla okunazo zonke ngokudla okuvamile kusiza ukuzinzisa amazinga kashukela egazini, okubalulekile ekulawulweni kwekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli. 
• Ukuhlala unamanzi kubalulekile ngokufanayo. 
• Izindlela zokulawula ingcindezi njengokuphumula, ukuzindla, noma i-yoga zinganciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nobuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli. 
• Ukuhlonza nokugwema izinto ezibangela umuntu ngokusebenzisa idayari yekhanda nakho kuyazuzisa. 
• Kwabanye abantu, imithi yokuvimbela enqunywe udokotela ingase idingeke ukuze ulawule ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli nsuku zonke ngokuphumelelayo. 

Lokhu kuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila, kuhlanganiswe nokungenelela kwezokwelapha lapho kudingeka, kunganikeza ukukhululeka okukhulu ekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli.

Amakhambi Asekhaya Ekhanda Elingapheli

Amakhambi amaningana asekhaya angasiza ekulawuleni ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• I-compress ebandayo ebunzini noma ku-nape yentamo inganciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi inikeze ukukhululeka okusheshayo ekhanda elibuhlungu lansuku zonke. 
• Amafutha abalulekile afana ne-peppermint noma i-lavender angase adambise izimpawu lapho ehogelwa.
• Amasu okuphumuza, okuhlanganisa ukuvivinya ukuphefumula okujulile kanye ne-yoga, angasiza ekudambiseni uhlobo lwekhanda lokucindezeleka. 
• Ukugcina isimiso sokulala esingaguquki kubalulekile, njengoba kokubili ukulala okuncane kakhulu nokukhulu kakhulu kungase kubangele ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli. 
• Amakhambi athile, njengejinja ne-butterbur, abonise isithembiso ekwehliseni imvamisa yekhanda elibuhlungu. 
• Ukubona nokugwema izinto ezibangela umuntu siqu, njengokudla okuthile noma iphunga elinamandla, kungaba yinzuzo.

Isiphetho

Ukuphatha ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli kuwuhambo oludinga isineke nendlela ehlukahlukene. Lesi sihloko sichaze amasu ahlukahlukene, kusukela ekuqondeni izizathu nezimpawu kuye ekuhloleni izinketho zokwelapha kanye namakhambi asekhaya. Ngokuhlanganisa ukungenelela kwezokwelapha nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila, abantu abaningi bangathola ukukhululeka okuphawulekayo ekhanda labo elibeleselayo.

Ngenhlanganisela efanele yokwelashwa, ukulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila, nokusekelwa kodokotela, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukuvama nokuqina kwezinhlungu zekhanda futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila yonke. Uma ikhanda lakho elingapheli lithinta imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, ungangabazi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Indlela yokwelapha ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli?

Ubuhlungu bekhanda obungamahlalakhona bungalawuleka ngezindlela ezahlukene. 

• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, njengokuzivocavoca njalo, ukugcina isimiso sokulala esingashintshi, nezindlela zokunciphisa ukucindezeleka
• Ukuhlonza nokugwema izibangeli 
• Ukwelashwa kungase kuhlanganise imithi yokuvimbela 
• Abanye abantu abanekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli bayazuza kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezifana nokwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo noma ukutshopa. 

2. Ingabe ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli buke buphele?

Ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli bungaba ngcono ngokuphathwa okufanele, kodwa ukulungiswa okuphelele kuyehluka. Ezinye iziguli zithola ukuncipha okukhulu kwemvamisa nokuqina ngokwelashwa okufanele. Abanye bangase babe nezimpawu eziphikelelayo ezidinga ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo. Ukungaguquguquki ekulandeleni uhlelo lokwelapha nokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

3. Yini ebangela ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli?

Izimbangela zekhanda elingapheli ziyahlukahluka phakathi kwabantu kodwa ngokuvamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala
• Izinguquko ze-Hormonal
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni
• Ukudla okuthile noma izithasiselo
• I-caffeine iyashintsha
• Izici zemvelo ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu
• Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemithi

4. Indlela yokwelapha ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli nsuku zonke?

Ukwelashwa kwekhanda elibuhlungu nsuku zonke ngokuvamile kuhilela indlela ehlukahlukene:

• Imithi yokuvimbela (isb, ama-antidepressants, ama-anti-seizure)
• Imijovo yobuthi be-botulinum A
• Ukwelashwa kokukhipha isisu kweziqephu ezibucayi
• Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila
• Amasu okuphatha ukucindezela
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezifana ne-acupuncture noma i-biofeedback
• Ezimweni zokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngokweqile kwekhanda, ukuyeka izidakamizwa ezilimazayo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela kubalulekile.

5. Yikuphi ukuntula okubangela ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli?

Ukushoda kwezakhi eziningana kuye kwahlotshaniswa nekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli:

• I-Magnesium: Amazinga aphansi angase abe nomthelela ku-migraines
• Vitamin D: Ukuntuleka okuhlobene nokwanda kwemvamisa yekhanda
• I-Vitamin B2 (i-Riboflavin): Ukwengeza kunganciphisa imvamisa ye-migraine
• I-Coenzyme Q10: Ukuntuleka okuhambisana nezinye izinhlobo zekhanda elibuhlungu