Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Eyingozi vs Izinga Lenhliziyo Elivamile: Yazi Umehluko

The inhliziyo yomuntu, umshini omangalisayo, ushaya izikhathi ezingaba ngu-1,00,000 ngosuku, uqinisekisa ukuthi imizimba yethu ithola umoya-mpilo nezakhi ezibalulekile ukuze siphile. Nokho, izinga eshaya ngalo lingashintshashintsha, kuthonywe izici ezihlukahlukene. Iningi labantu, esikhathini esithile ezimpilweni zabo, liye labhekana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okugijima, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenxa yokujima okukhandlayo noma inhlolokhono yomsebenzi ecindezelayo. 

Nakuba izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elivamile lihluka, inhliziyo eshaya ngendlela engavamile, ngokushesha, noma kancane njalo ingase ibe isizathu sokukhathazeka. Ukuze uhlale unempilo futhi ugweme izinkinga ezingase zibe khona, umuntu kufanele akwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuvamile nokuyingozi. Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphumule elijwayelekile lisukela kumabhithi angama-60 kuye kwayi-100 ngomzuzu. Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuvela kudokotela kuyadingeka lapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuthathwa njengokuyingozi futhi kudlula amabhithi ayi-120 kuye kwayi-140 ngomzuzu noma kwehla ngaphansi kwezigqi ezingama-60 ngomzuzu.

Liyini Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Esivamile?

Lapho umuntu ephumule, inhliziyo yakhe iphampa inani elincane legazi elidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe umzimba wakhe, okwaziwa ngokuthi ukuphumula noma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elijwayelekile lomzimba womuntu. Ibanga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elijwayelekile livamise ukuba phakathi kwamabhithi angu-60 kuye kwayi-100 ngomzuzu (BPM) ngesikhathi sokuphumula kubantu abadala. Nokho, abanye abantu bangase babe nokushaya kwenhliziyo ephumule okungaphansi kuka-60 ngomzuzu futhi kubhekwe njengokujwayelekile. 

Izinto ezifana neminyaka, izinga lokufaneleka, nemithi ingaba nomthelela kulobu bubanzi. Isibonelo, abasubathi bangase bezwe ukwehla kwezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo—kufika ku-40 beats ngezinye izikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abathatha imithi ethile, njengama-beta-blockers, bangase babe nesilinganiso senhliziyo esinciphile lapho bephumula. 

Isilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo okuvamile kwabesilisa kanye nesilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo esivamile kwabesifazane siboniswa kuthebula elingezansi ngokuya ngobudala: 

Kuyini Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Eyingozi?

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuyingozi kwenzeka lapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuchezuka kakhulu ebangeni elijwayelekile. Igama elithi "tachycardia" libhekisela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo okuphezulu ngokweqile (okungaphezu kuka-100 ngomzuzu). Nokho, ubudala bomuntu kanye nempilo evamile kungase kube nendima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi yini ebhekwa njengokushesha kakhulu.

Ngokuphambene, i-bradycardia yilapho izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lehla ngaphansi kwama-60 BPM, okubonisa isimo esingaba yingozi. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungaphansi kwama-60 beats ngomzuzu kuvamile, ngisho kunempilo, kubasubathi nabazivocavoca njalo. Ukwelashwa kungase kungadingeki ku-borderline noma i-bradycardia ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa-ke, uma i-bradycardia ishiywe ingelashwa isikhathi eside, ingase ibe yimbi kakhulu. Kungase kubangele ukuquleka futhi isiyezi.

Kunini lapho izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo liphezulu kakhulu?

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphezulu, ikakhulukazi ukuphikelela isikhathi eside, kungase kubonise izinkinga zempilo ezicashile. Izinga eliphezulu lenhliziyo lingabangelwa ukucindezeleka, ukuvivinya umzimba okukhulu, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, noma izimo ezingaphansi ezifana hyperthyroidism. Amazinga aphakeme angaguquguquki angase abangele isiyezi, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukuquleka, okudinga ukunakwa ngokushesha.

Okulandelayo yizici ezingabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphezulu:

• Fever
• Ukuzitika ngokuphuza ngokweqile noma ukuyeka utshwala
• Amanani aphezulu e-caffeine
• Umfutho wegazi, uphezulu noma uphansi
• Ukungalingani kwezakhi ze-electrolyte, ezihlanganisa i-potassium, i-sodium, i-calcium, ne-magnesium, egazini
• Imiphumela emibi yomuthi
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni, njenge-methamphetamine noma i-cocaine, okuyizikhuthazo.

Nakuba abanye abantu bengase babe nezimpawu ezincane kuya kwezinzima zokushaya kwenhliziyo, abanye bangase bangabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu. Izimpawu zokushaya kwenhliziyo okuphezulu ngokuvamile zihlanganisa:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• isiyezi
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukukhanya okukhanyayo
• Ukuphelelwa amandla

Kunini lapho izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo liphansi kakhulu?

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphansi kungase kube uphawu lwenhliziyo esesimweni esihle, kodwa kungase futhi kubonise ukukhathazeka kwezempilo. Izici ezinomthelela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo kancane zihlanganisa ukuguga, imithi, ukulimala kwezicubu zenhliziyo, ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte, noma izimo ezithinta isimiso sikagesi senhliziyo. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphansi kungabangelwa:

• Ukulimala kwezicubu zenhliziyo okulethwa ukuguga
• Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa okubandakanya inhliziyo
• Izimo ezivuthayo ezifana ne-lupus noma i-rheumatic fever
• A ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo
• Ukungalingani kwezakhi zegazi njenge-calcium noma i-potassium
• Ukulala nokuma kancane kokuphefumula 

Ubuchopho bungase bungakutholi ukugeleza kwegazi okwanele ngenxa yezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphansi ngokuyingozi. Okulandelayo yizimpawu zokushaya kwenhliziyo okuphansi:

• Ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala
• Ukudideka
• Ukuphelelwa amandla
• ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu lapho uzivocavoca

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphansi ngokuyingozi kudinga ukuphathwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha.

Ungathintana Nini Nokunakekelwa Kwezempilo?

Kwezinye izimo, ukushintshashintsha kwenhliziyo kungase kubonise izingozi ezingaba khona. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha uma uzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungapheli, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, noma uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo kudlula noma kwehla ngaphansi kwezinga elivamile lokushaya kwenhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izimpawu ziqhubeka naphezu kokuphumula, kubalulekile ukubonana nochwepheshe bezempilo ngokushesha. Abantu abanezimo zenhliziyo ezikhona, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma ezinye izimo zezempilo kufanele baqaphe izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yabo njalo futhi baxhumane nabahlinzeki bezempilo nganoma yiziphi izinguquko ezishaqisayo.

Isiphetho

Ukuqonda ibhalansi ethambile phakathi kwebanga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elivamile kanye nebanga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliyingozi kubalulekile ekugcineni impilo engcono. Nakuba ukushintshashintsha okuncane kungase kube okuvamile, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliqhubekayo noma eliphansi lidinga ukunakwa. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo ephumula kuwuphawu olubalulekile lwezinkinga ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo kanye nempilo yenhliziyo jikelele. Ngakho, kufanele ihlale igadwa. Ukuhlolwa njalo, indlela yokuphila enempilo, kanye nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha mayelana nezimpawu kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukushaya kwenhliziyo okunempilo nokuphila kahle. Wonke umuntu kufanele ahlale ebeka phambili ukuqapha kanye nokubhekana nanoma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle ekushayeni kwenhliziyo ukuze kuvikelwe inhlalakahle yabo.