Ingabe i-dengue rashes iyaluma?

Yebo, ukuqubuka kodenga kungase kulume, kodwa kungase kuhambisane nezinye izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane nobuhlungu bomzimba.

Umkhuhlane Wodenga: Izimpawu, Ukuxilongwa, Ukwelashwa Nokuvimbela

Q: Ngingazilawula kanjani izimpawu zomkhuhlane wodenga?

Lawula izimpawu ngokuphumula, ukuhlala uhlanzekile, uphuze i-acetaminophen yemfiva nobuhlungu (gwema ama-NSAID), nokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha uma izimpawu ziba zimbi.

Kubuyekezwe ngomhla ka-29 Agasti 2019

Esinye sezifo ezivame kakhulu ezithwalwa omiyane, udenga yisifo segciwane esivusa amadlingozi, esibuhlungu. Kubangelwa igciwane elidluliselwa umiyane wesifazane i-Aedes, kubangela izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane. Kusukela i izimpawu zezifo ezifana nomalaleveva, i-leptospirosis ne-typhoid fever ifana ne-dengue, ukuxilongwa kuba nzima kancane. Itholakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo, udenga luhlasela abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-400 emhlabeni wonke unyaka ngamunye. Okunye okubalulekile okufanele ukwazi ngodenga ukuthi aluthelelani ngokuqondile. Ingadluliselwa kuphela ngokulunywa omiyane. Funda kabanzi ukuze wazi ngezimpawu nokwelashwa komkhuhlane wodenga.

Uvame kangakanani umkhuhlane wodenga?

I-Dengue fever ivame kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo. Ngokwe-World Health Organization (WHO), izifo zodenga ezilinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-390 zenzeka emhlabeni wonke unyaka ngamunye, cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-96 babonakala ngokomtholampilo (okubonisa izimpawu). Udenga lugcwele emazweni angaphezu kwekhulu, ikakhulukazi eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eNtshonalanga Pacific, e-Afrika, eMpumalanga yeMedithera, naseMelika. Ngenxa yokuthambekela kwayo ekusakazeni ukugula okunzima nokuqubuka kwezifo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nezimaphakathi lapho omiyane begcwele khona, kuyingozi enkulu empilweni yomphakathi.

Izimbangela Zomkhuhlane Wodenga

Umkhuhlane wodenga ubangelwa igciwane, ikakhulukazi igciwane lodenga, elingelomndeni wakwaFlaviviridae. Kunama-serotypes amane ahlobene eduze kodwa ahlukene ngokwe-antigenically igciwane (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, kanye ne-DEN-4). Leli gciwane lisakazeka kakhulu kubantu ngokulunywa omiyane be-Aedes abanaleli gciwane, ikakhulukazi i-Aedes aegypti ne-Aedes albopictus.

Lapho umiyane uluma umuntu onegciwane lodenga, uba yi-vector, ekwazi ukudlulisela leli gciwane kwabanye abantu ngokulunywa okulandelayo. Igciwane alikwazi ukusakazeka ngokuqondile lisuka kumuntu liye komunye; idinga omiyane njengabaphathi abaphakathi ukuze badluliselwe.

Amaphuzu abalulekile mayelana nezimbangela ze-dengue fever:

Ukudluliswa Kwegciwane: Ukusabalala ngokulunywa omiyane abangenwe yi-Aedes.
Ama-Serotypes: Kunezinhlobo ezine ezihlukene zegciwane lodenga akhona.
I-Vector-Borne: Abantu batheleleka lapho belunywe omiyane abanaleli gciwane.
Akukho Ukusulelana Kusuka Kumuntu Kuya Kumuntu: Igciwane lodenga alikwazi ukusakazeka ngokuqondile phakathi kwabantu.

Izimpawu zoDengue

Izimpawu zodenga ziqala ukubonakala ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-4-6 ngemva kokutheleleka, zihlala izinsuku ezingu-10-12. Lokhu kubandakanya:

Ukuqala okungazelelwe kwe umkhuhlane omkhulu
Ikhanda elibuhlungu
Ubuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo
ubuhlungu Joint
Ubuhlungu besisu
ubuhlungu bomzimba
Ukukhathala
I-nausea
Ukuvota
Amabala abomvu/amaqubu esikhumba ahambisana nomkhuhlane

Iziguli ezinodenga olunzima zingase zibe:

Umkhuhlane ongapheli nokuhlanza
Ukulala
Ukuthukuthela
Ukuphefumula ubunzima
I-Tarry stools
Isikhumba esiphezulu

Ukuxilongwa KweDengue

Into yokuqala udokotela wakho ayokubuza yona umlando wakho wezokwelapha ohambisana nomlando wakho wokuvakasha. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba udinga ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izimo zezempilo onazo noma uhambe kuphi ukuze axilonge ukugula ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izivivinyo zaselabhorethri nazo ziyadingeka. Uma umkhuhlane uqhubeka, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuphelele kuyenziwa. Abantu abane-platelet ephansi kunokujwayelekile kanye nesibalo samangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (WBC) kudingeka ukuthi bahlole i-Dengue Antigen.

Ubani osengcupheni yokuba nemfiva yodenga?

Ziningana izici ezandisa ingozi yokuba nomkhuhlane wodenga:

Indawo: Ukuhlala noma ukuya ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo lapho omiyane be-Aedes bechuma khona kwandisa ingozi.
Ukuchayeka Komiyane: Ukuchitha isikhathi ezindaweni ezinomiyane abaningi, ikakhulukazi emini lapho omiyane be-Aedes besebenza kakhulu.
Ukutheleleka Kwangaphambilini: Abantu abake bangenwa i-serotype eyodwa yegciwane lodenga basengozini enkulu yodenga olunzima uma bengenwa i-serotype ehlukile kamuva.
Ubudala nokuvikeleka: Izingane futhi izinsana, kanye nabantu abadala asebekhulile, bangase babe sengozini enkulu yezinhlobo ezinzima zodenga.
Umlando Wokuhamba: Abahambi abavela ezindaweni ezingagcini lapho abavakashela izindawo lapho udenga ludlange khona basengozini uma belunywe omiyane abanaleli gciwane.
Izimo Zokuphila: Izinto ezifana nokuntula indawo yokuhlala, ukuntuleka kwezikrini emafasiteleni, namanzi amile (okuvumela omiyane ukuba bazalele) kungandisa ukuchayeka komiyane abanaleli gciwane.
Izimo Zezempilo: Abantu abanezimo ezithile zempilo ezicashile bangase babe sengcupheni eyengeziwe yodenga olunzima uma bengenwe yileli gciwane.

Izinkinga zeDengue

Izimo ezinzima ze-dengue fever zingase zibangele ukuphuma kwangaphakathi kanye nokulimala kwezitho. Lokhu kungaholela engozini umfutho wegazi ophansi, okungase kubangele ukushaqeka futhi, kwezinye izimo, nokufa.

Lapho abesifazane bengenwa udenga ngesikhathi ukukhulelwa, kunengozi yokudlulisela igciwane enganeni ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Izingane ezizalwa omama ababenomkhuhlane wodenga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa maningi amathuba okuba zizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, zibe nesisindo esincane, noma zibe nokucindezeleka kwe-fetus.

Obani bonke abangavikelekile kumkhuhlane wodenga?

Akekho ogonywe ngokuphelele yimfiva yodenga. Nakuba ukutheleleka kwangaphambilini okunohlobo olulodwa lwegciwane lodenga kungavikela kulolo hlobo oluthile esikhathini esizayo, akunikezeli ukuvikeleka kwezinye izinhlobo. Ngakho, abantu abake baba nodenga ngaphambili basengaphinde baluthole ohlotsheni oluhlukile lwegciwane lodenga.

Ukwelapha Udenga

Njengoba udenga luyisifo esibangelwa amagciwane, alunawo ukwelapha okuqondile. Kodwa-ke, kuye ngobunzima bokutheleleka, umeluleki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzophakamisa izindlela ezimbalwa zokwelapha ekulawuleni udenga. imfiva. Uma ukutheleleka kuthambile, udokotela wakho angase asikisele izindlela zokuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba ukushisa okuphezulu nokuhlanza umzimba wakho kuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, okubangela ubuthakathaka. Ukuze ugweme isimo esinjalo, ngokuvamile kutuswa ukuphuza amanzi ahlanzekile, anamabhodlela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-rehydration salts angasiza kakhulu ekubuyiseleni uketshezi namaminerali alahlekile. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, amaphilisi ezinhlungu athile ahlanganisa paracetamol nazo ziyatuswa njengoba zingadambisa ubuhlungu bomzimba. Uma ukutheleleka kuba nzima futhi isiguli singakwazi ukuthatha uketshezi ngomlomo, i-intravenous (IV) fluid supplementation iyadingeka. Iziguli ezinenkinga yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kakhulu zingase zidinge ukumpontshelwa igazi.

Ukuvimbela Udenga

Ungakwazi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kodenga ngokumane uvimbele ukulunywa omiyane. Ukufeza okufanayo, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:

Gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho ngokugcwele.
Sebenzisa izinto ezixosha omiyane njenge-DEET.
Qinisekisa ukuthi amafasitela nezicabha zendlu yakho zinezikrini zomiyane.
Kunconywa amanetha omiyane.
Hlala kude nezindawo ezinamanzi amile.

Udenga yisifo esibulalayo esidingayo ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kanye nokwelashwa ovela esibhedlela esingcono kakhulu sokwelapha udenga. Ngakho-ke, kuyatuseka ukuthi uvakashele udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla ziqala ukubonakala.

Lokubuyisela

Ukwelashwa kwe-dengue fever kuhlanganisa:

Ukulawulwa Kwezimpawu: Iziguli zelulekwa ukuthi ziphumule, zihlale zingenawo amanzi, futhi zilawule imfiva nobuhlungu ngemithi efana ne-acetaminophen (paracetamol). Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) njenge-ibuprofen kufanele zigwenywe ngenxa yengozi yokopha.
Ukuqapha: Kubalulekile ukuqapha ngokucophelela izimpawu nezimpawu ezibalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zodenga olunzima, oluhlanganisa ukuhlanza okungapheli, kanzima. ubuhlungu besisu, ukopha, nezimpawu ezihlobene nokushaqeka.
Ukushintsha Uketshezi: Uma kukhona ukuhlanza okukhulu noma isifo sohudo, uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni lungase lunikezwe ukuze kugcinwe uketshezi futhi kugwenywe kwamanzi emzimbeni.
Ukulaliswa esibhedlela: Izimo ezinzima zodenga zingase zidinge ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukuze ziqashwe eduze nokunakekelwa okuseduze, okuhlanganisa ukumpontshelwa igazi uma kunokopha okukhulu noma ukushaqeka.
Ukulandelela: Ngemva kokululama, iziguli ziyelulekwa ukuthi ziqhubeke ziqaphe impilo yazo futhi zifune usizo lwezokwelapha uma zithola noma yiziphi izimpawu eziqhubekayo noma izinkinga.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe omiyane bodenga bayasebenza ebusuku?

Yebo, omiyane i-Aedes, abasakaza igciwane lodenga, bamatasa emini futhi bangaluma ebusuku.

2. Ingabe udenga lungasakazeka?

Udenga lusakazeka ngokulunywa omiyane be-Aedes abanaleli gciwane. Angeke isatshalaliswa ngokuqondile isuka kumuntu iye komunye.

3. Yikuphi ukuhlolwa kodenga okungcono kakhulu?

Ukuhlola okuvame kakhulu kokuxilonga udenga kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-antigen ye-NS1 kanye ne-PCR ukuze kutholwe kusenesikhathi, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-antibody ye-IgM ne-IgG ngezigaba zakamuva.

4. Kungani udenga lubizwa ngokuthi i-breakbone fever?

Ngezinye izikhathi udenga lubizwa ngokuthi i-breakbone fever ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu bamalunga nemisipha obuzwiwa ezinye iziguli.

5. Ingabe ukuqubuka kodenga kuyaluma?

Yebo, udenga imishayo kungaba ukulunywa, kodwa kungase futhi kuhambisane nezinye izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane nobuhlungu bomzimba.

6. Ingabe udenga lwenzeka ngaphandle kwezimpawu eziyisixwayiso?

Udenga ngezinye izikhathi lungathuthuka ngokushesha ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezisobala eziyisixwayiso, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqapha izimpawu ngokucophelela.

7. Ngingazilawula kanjani izimpawu zomkhuhlane wodenga?

Lawula izimpawu ngokuphumula, ukuhlala umanzi, ukuthatha acetaminophen ngenxa yemfiva nobuhlungu (gwema ama-NSAID), nokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha uma izimpawu ziba zimbi.

8. Ngiyehlisa kanjani ingozi yokuba nemfiva yodenga?

Nciphisa ingozi ngokusebenzisa into exosha izinambuzane, ukugqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide, nokuqeda amanzi amile lapho kuzalela omiyane.

9. Umkhuhlane wodenga uhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Imfiva yodenga ngokuvamile ihlala cishe amasonto angu-1-2, kodwa isikhathi sokululama siyahlukahluka kuye ngobunzima besifo. ukutheleleka.

10. Yiziphi izinkinga zomkhuhlane wodenga ekukhulelweni?

Izinkinga zingase zihlanganise ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi, noma ukucindezeleka kombungu uma umama ephathwa udenga phakathi nokukhulelwa.

11. Ingabe udenga luyabulala kunomalaleveva?

Mayelana nomthelela womhlaba, umalaleveva kubangela ukufa kwabantu abaningi ngonyaka kunodenga. Nokho, udenga olunzima lungabulala uma lungaphathwa ngokushesha.

12. Kwenzekani uma ngingelapheki udenga?

Udenga olungalashwa lungadlulela ekubeni udenga olubi kakhulu, olubonakala ngokopha, ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba, kanye nethuba lokufa, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.

13. Lingakanani izinga lokululama komkhuhlane wodenga?

Iningi labantu lilulama ngokugcwele kumkhuhlane wodenga ngokunakekelwa okusekelayo. Izimo ezinzima zingadinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukuze kuphathwe ngendlela efanele.

14. Yikuphi ukudla okungcono kakhulu kweziguli zodenga?

Ukudla okunconyiwe kufaka uketshezi olunjengamanzi, izixazululo zokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni, amanzi kakhukhunathi, nokudla okuthambile, okulula ukugayeka njengerayisi, ubhanana, kanye namasobho.