Uyini Umehluko Phakathi kwe-IUI ne-IVF?

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokwelashwa kwe-IUI ne-IVF udlulela ngale kwezindlela zabo zokwelashwa ezindlekweni zabo. Ukwelashwa ngakunye kusebenza ngokuhlukile ukuzala izidingo, kusukela ezindabeni zokuzala ezincane kuye kweziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezidinga ukungenelela okuthuthukile.

Lo mhlahlandlela uhlola umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwe-IVF ne-IUI, usiza abafundi baqonde ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungafanelana nesimo sabo esithile. Kusukela kumazinga empumelelo nezindleko kuya ezinkambisweni zezokwelapha kanye nesikhathi, sizohlola zonke izici ukuze sisekele ukuthathwa kwezinqumo okunolwazi ohambweni lokuzala.

Iyini i-IUI?

I-Intrauterine insemination (IUI) iyindlela yokwelapha evamile futhi ehlasela kancane ehlanganisa ukubeka okulungiselelwe ngokukhethekile. isidoda ngqo kowesifazane kwesibeletho ukwandisa amathuba okukhulelwa. Le nqubo yaziwa nangokuthi i-artificial insemination futhi isebenza njengesinyathelo sokuqala esingahlaseli imibhangqwana eminingi enenkinga yokuzala.

Phakathi nenqubo ye-IUI, odokotela bachitha isikhathi sokwelashwa ukuze kuhambisane ne-ovulation-inkathi lapho i-ovary ikhulula iqanda. Inqubo yenza ukukhulelwa kube lula ngokunciphisa ibanga okufanele lihambe isidoda ukuze sifike eqandeni. Ngokukhulelwa kwemvelo, cishe u-5% wesidoda uhamba ngempumelelo usuka ku- esithweni sangasese esibelethweni. I-IUI idlula le nselele ngokuletha isidoda esigxilile, esinempilo lapho kufanele sibe khona.

Inqubo ye-IUI iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Ukulungiswa kwesidoda: Isampula lesidoda (kungaba esisuka kumlingani noma onikelayo) singena inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "ukugeza," esusa udoti bese ikhetha kuphela isidoda esinempilo kunazo zonke, esinyakazayo.
• I-insemination: Esebenzisa i-catheter encane, eguquguqukayo, udokotela ubeka amangqamuzana esidoda alungisiwe ngqo esibelethweni. Le nqubo inika isidoda isiqalo esibalulekile ohambweni lwaso oluya kumashubhu e-fallopian, lapho ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuvundiswa.

Ubani Ongazuza ku-IUI?

Imibhangqwana enokungazali okungachazeki ivame ukuphendukela ku-IUI njengendlela yokuqala yokwelapha. Emibhangqwaneni engaphansi kweminyaka engama-35, lokhu kusho ukuthi labo abazame unyaka wonke kodwa bengaphumeleli, kuyilapho imibhangqwana engaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 ingase ibe amakhandidethi ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zokuzama. Ukwengeza, i-IUI isebenza njengenketho ebalulekile kubashadikazi lapho kunezinkinga ezincane zokuzala kodwa zingezimbi ngokwanele ukuze kugunyazwe ukwelashwa okuhlaselayo.

Izimo ezithile zokwelapha ezimbalwa zenza umuntu afanelekele i-IUI:

• Umlomo wesibeletho izingqinamba: Lapho izinkinga ngofinyi lomlomo wesibeletho noma umlomo wesibeletho ngokwawo zivimbela isidoda ukuthi sifinyelele esibelethweni, i-IUI iyawudlula lo mgoqo ngokuphelele.
• I-Mild male factor infertility: Amadoda anesibalo esiphansi sesidoda noma izinkinga ze-motility angazuza njengoba inqubo ikhetha kuphela isidoda esinempilo kakhulu, esisebenza kakhulu.
• Isibeletho iziyaluyalu: Abesifazane abangakhiqizi ngeqanda njalo bangathola i-IUI ihlanganiswe nemithi yokuzala iphumelela ikakhulukazi
• I-endometriosis emaphakathi: Labo abanezimo ezimaphakathi ukuya kwezimaphakathi bavame ukubona amathuba athuthukile okukhulelwa
• Ukungezwani komzimba nesidoda: Ezimweni ezingavamile lapho owesifazane engezwani namaprotheni esidodeni, i-IUI isusa la maprotheni ngesikhathi sokugeza isidoda.

Yini i-IVF?

I-IVF imile njengohlobo olusebenza kahle kakhulu lobuchwepheshe bosizo lokuzala obutholakala namuhla. Inqubo ephelele ngokuvamile ithatha cishe amaviki angu-2-3 ukuqedela umjikelezo owodwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, iziguli zithola izinyathelo eziningana ezididiyelwe ngokucophelela:

• Ukuvuselela: Imithi yokuzala ikhuthaza ama-ovari ukuthi akhiqize amaqanda amaningi kuneqanda elilodwa elivame ukukhishwa inyanga ngayinye.
• Ukubuyiswa kwamaqanda: Ukuhlinzwa okuncane kususa amaqanda kuma-ovari kusetshenziswa isiqondiso se-ultrasound & nenaliti encane
• Ukuvundisa: Amaqanda aqoqiwe ahlangana nesidoda esitsheni saselabhorethri lapho ukuvundiswa kwenzeka, kwesinye isikhathi kusetshenziswa umjovo we-sperm oqondile (ICSI) ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono.
• Isiko le-embryo: Amaqanda avundisiwe noma i-ova akhula abe imibungu cishe izinsuku ezi-5 ngenkathi eqashwe abasebenzi baselabhorethri.
• Ukudluliswa kwe-embryo: Imibungu ethuthukisiwe ifakwa esibelethweni nge-catheter encane, okungase kube nomphumela wokukhulelwa uma ukufakelwa kwenzeka.

Ubani Ongase Azuze ku-IVF?

Odokotela ngokuvamile batusa i-IVF ezigulini ezinezinkinga ezithile zokuzala. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Ukulimala kwamashubhu e-Fallopian noma ukuvaleka: Lapho amaqanda engakwazi ukuhamba esuka kuma-ovari ukuya esibelethweni
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Ovulation: Kubandakanya i-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• I-Endometriosis: Ikakhulukazi izimo ezingazange zisabele kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha
• I-uterine fibroids: Okungase kuphazamise ukufakwa
• I-Male factor infertility: Kubandakanya inani eliphansi lesidoda noma motility nezindaba
• Ukungabi nabantwana okungachazwanga: Lapho kungekho sizathu esiqondile esihlonziwe
• Ukuvalwa kweshubhu kwangaphambilini noma okunye ukuhlinzwa okuvimbela ukukhulelwa kwemvelo

Ngaphandle kwalezi zimo, i-IVF ivamise ukufanela abantu abasesimweni esihlukile. Isibonelo, abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 bavame ukuphendukela ku-IVF njengendlela yokuqala yokwelashwa kunokuzama izindlela ezingasebenzi kahle kuqala.

Iyiphi Ekulungele?

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-IUI ne-IVF kumelela esinye sezinqumo ezibaluleke kakhulu ohambweni lokuzala. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kukhetha kuncike empilweni yakho kanye nembangela eyisisekelo yokungazali. Ukubonisana okuphelele ne-endocrinologist yokuzala kunikeza isisekelo sokwenza lesi sinqumo, njengoba isimo sesiguli ngasinye sihlukile.

Emibhangqwaneni eminingi, i-IUI isebenza njengendawo yokuqala ngenxa yesimo sayo esingahlaseli kanye nezindleko eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-IVF. Ngokuvamile, i-IUI ibhekwa kuqala lapho ibhekene nokuzala okungachazeki, okuthambile i-endometriosis, noma okungajwayelekile kwesidoda. Izithandani ezisencane zivame ukubona impumelelo eyengeziwe nge-IUI, okubenza babe amakhandidethi angcono ale ndlela.

Kungenjalo, ukuya ngqo ku-IVF kungase kunconywe kulezi zimo:

• Amashubhu e-fallopian alimele noma avinjiwe - I-IVF idlula lolu daba ngokuphelele
• Isici esibi kakhulu sokungazali - Uma inani lesidoda noma ikhwalithi isengozini kakhulu
• Umlando wemizamo ye-IUI ehlulekile - Ucwaningo lubonisa ukushintshela ku-IVF ngemva kokungaphumeleli kwemijikelezo ye-IUI kuholela emazingeni aphezulu okukhulelwa.
• Iminyaka yobudala yomama ethuthukisiwe - Abesifazane abakhathazwa iminyaka yabo noma ukuncipha kwe-ovarian reserve
• Ukuphazamiseka kwezakhi zofuzo - Uma ukuhlolwa kofuzo ngaphambi kokufakelwa kuyadingeka
• Isifiso sokukhetha ubulili bengane - Ngezinjongo zokulinganisa umndeni

Uyenza nini i-IUI kuqala

Ngokuyinhloko, i-IUI isebenza njengendlela yokuqala yalabo abanokuzala okungachazeki. Uma singekho isizathu esisobala sobunzima bokukhulelwa, ukuqala ngale ndlela engangeneleli kwenza kokubili umqondo wezokwelapha nowezezimali. Imibhangqwana ehlangabezana nobunzima obuhlobene ne-ovulation iyazuza ku-IUI njengesiqalo-kuhlanganise nalabo abane-polycystic ovary syndrome (I-PCOS) noma ezinye izinhlobo ze-anovulation.

Ngokuphathelene nezici zokuzala kwabesilisa, i-IUI isebenza njengesinyathelo sokuqala esifanele lapho:

• Izinkinga zempilo yesidoda ezimaphakathi zikhona, kodwa amanani anempilo asekhona
• Ukungazali kwesici sowesilisa esimaphakathi (i-subfertility) kuthinta ukukhulelwa
• Ozakwethu baba nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-ejaculatory

I-IUI ime ngokusobala njengenketho yokuqala enengqondo yezithiyo ezithile zomzimba ekukhulelweni, njenge:

• Izinkinga zamafinyila omlomo wesibeletho ezivimbela ukuphuma kwesidoda
• Izibazi zomlomo wesibeletho ezinkambisweni zangaphambilini
• I-Cervical factor infertility evimbela ukuvundiswa kwemvelo

Emibhangqwaneni yabesifazane bobulili obufanayo kanye nabantu abangabodwana abasebenzisa isidoda somnikeli, i-IUI ngokuvamile yandulela ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kokuzala. 

Iqala nini i-IVF

Odokotela ngokuvamile baphakamisa ukweqa i-IUI ngokuphelele lapho iziguli zikhona ngamashubhu e-fallopian avinjiwe noma alimele. Lesi simo ngokuyisisekelo sivimbela amaqanda ekuhlanganeni nesidoda ngokwemvelo, okwenza i-IVF kube ukuphela kwekhambi elisebenzayo. Ngokufanayo, abantu abake babhekana ne-tubal ligation kufanele bacabangele i-IVF ngokushesha uma bengafuni noma bengakwazi ukuhlinzwa okubuyisela emuva.

Iminyaka yobudala idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhetheni ukwelashwa. Kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-40, odokotela bavame ukuncoma i-IVF njengendlela yokwelapha eyinhloko kunokuzama ukungenelela okusebenza kancane kuqala. Le ndlela ivuma iqiniso lokwehla kwekhwalithi yamaqanda kanye nenani ngokukhula kweminyaka.

Izimo ezithile zempilo zibonisa ngokuqinile ukwelashwa kwe-IVF ngokushesha:

• I-endometriosis emaphakathi kuya kokuqina 
• I-uterine fibroids 
• Izinkinga ze-ovulation 
• Isibalo esiphansi sesidoda noma izinkinga ze-motility 
• Ukukhathazeka ngofuzo - Labo abafisa ukuhlola imibungu ngezinkinga zofuzo ngokuhlolwa kofuzo ngaphambi kokufakelwa

Isiphetho

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-IUI ne-IVF kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwezinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Izimo zezokwelapha zivame ukunquma indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu. Iziguli ezinamashubhu e-fallopian avaliwe noma ezinzima i-endometriosis ingase izuze okwengeziwe ngokuqala nge-IVF. Ngaleso sikhathi, labo abanokungazali okungachazwanga noma izinkinga zokuzala ezincane bangathola impumelelo nge-IUI kuqala.

Uhambo lwesiguli ngasinye luyahluka, okwenza isiqondiso sezokwelapha sibaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni indlela yokwelashwa efanele. Inketho yokugcina phakathi kwe-IUI ne-IVF incike ezimweni zomuntu ngamunye, okuhlanganisa izimo zezokwelapha, iminyaka, ibhajethi, nokuthandwa komuntu siqu. Ukukhuluma nochwepheshe wezenzalo kusiza ukudala uhlelo lokwelapha lomuntu siqu olubhekana nezidingo ezihlukile futhi lwandise namathuba okuphumelela.