Izindlela Ezilula Zokuyeka Ukubhema

Ukubhema ugwayi kuwumkhuba othinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke futhi kungaba nemiphumela emibi empilweni. Nakuba ukuyeka ukubhema kuyinqubo eyinselele, kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezilula zokukwenza ezingenza uhambo lulawuleke. Ezinye zezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuyeka ukubhema, kuhlanganise nokwelapha esikhundleni se-nicotine, imithi, ukwelapha ngokuziphatha, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukucabangela nokuzindla, nokuyeka "i-cold turkey." Ngokusebenzisa lezi zindlela, ungakwazi ukwandisa amathuba akho okuyeka ukubhema futhi ujabulele impilo enempilo.

Ukuyeka I-Nicotine

Ukubhema ugwayi kubangela ukufa okukodwa kwabahlanu. Isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, umdlavuza wamaphaphu, nesifo esingamahlalakhona sokuvimbela amaphaphu kuyizimbangela ezintathu eziphezulu zokufa okuhlobene nokubhema (COPD). Ngaphezu "kwabathathu abaphezulu," ukubhema kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomdlavuza, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola imikhuhlane eminingi kanye nezifo, isifo sikashukela, i-osteoporosis kanye nokuphuka kwe-hip, izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinkinga zokuqhafaza, izilonda zesisu, isifo sezinsini, futhi uhlu luyaqhubeka.

Ukuyeka ukubhema kungakusiza uphile isikhathi eside. Nakuba kungcono ukuyeka ngokushesha kunokuba kamuva, akukephuzi kakhulu. Ngisho nalapho usuneminyaka engu-80, izinzuzo zokuyeka ukubhema ziyiqiniso!

Yini ebangela ukulutheka?

I-Nicotine, isici esiyinhloko kugwayi, yisona esibangela umkhuba wakho wokubhema. Ubuchopho bakho buzijwayela ngokushesha futhi buba nesifiso esikhulu sokuzizwa ngendlela ozizwa ngayo ngemva kogwayi owodwa nje.

Ubuchopho bakho ekugcineni bufunda ukubikezela ukuthi uzolayitha nini ugwayi. Ukhathele futhi uphansi, ngakho ucabanga ukuthi, "Ngidinga ukubhema," futhi umjikelezo uqala futhi.

Kodwa akukhona kuphela mayelana chemistry ebuchosheni. Ufisa ukubhema ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Izibangeli zisukela kumuntu kuye komuntu. Iphunga lentuthu kagwayi, ukubona iphakethe likagwayi esitolo, ukudla ukudla okuthile, noma ukuphuza ikhofi lakho lasekuseni kungaba phakathi kwezinto ezikubangelayo. Indlela ozizwa ngayo (ujabule noma udangele) ingaba yisiqalo. Esinye sezihluthulelo ezinkulu zokuyeka ukubhema ukubona izimbangela ezikwenza ulangazelele ukubhema futhi uzame ukuzigwema.

Izindlela ezilula zokuyeka ukubhema

• Setha Idethi Yokuyeka

Khetha idethi phakathi kwamaviki ambalwa alandelayo, tshela abangani nomndeni wakho ngayo, futhi uyibeke ekhalendeni lakho. Hlela ukuyeka ukubhema ngokugcwele ngalolo suku lokuyeka. Cabangela ukuthi yini engenza ukuyeka kube nzima. Zilungiselele ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zokuhoxa. Nquma ukuthi yini ekwenza ufune ukubhema bese usungula isu lokugwema noma ukubhekana nalezi zinto ezikubangelayo. Ukuze ugweme ukukhuluphala lapho uyeka ukubhema, qala ukuzivocavoca ngaphambi kosuku lwakho lokuyeka. Ukuze ugcine ingqondo nezandla zakho zimatasa, khetha iziphazamiso ezinempilo. Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa izinto zokubuyisela i-nicotine njenge-nicotine gum noma ama-patches, yiba nazo esandleni.

• Ukuhamba "i-cold turkey" kungase kube ngcono

Ocwaningweni lwakamuva, cishe abantu abangama-700 babelwa ngokungahleliwe ukuthi banciphise kancane kancane ukubhema emasontweni amabili noma bayeke ngokuzumayo ngosuku olunqunyiwe lokuyeka. Ukwelulekwa kwanikezwa kuwo womabili amaqembu, kanye neziqeshana ze-nicotine nezinye izinhlobo zokushintshwa kwe-nicotine okuthatha isikhathi esifushane. Ekulandeleni kwamaviki angu-4 (amaphesenti angu-49 ngokumelene namaphesenti angu-39) kanye nokulandelwa kwezinyanga ezingu-6 (amaphesenti angu-22 ngokumelene namaphesenti angu-15), iqembu elihlelwe ngokungahleliwe ku-cold turkey laphumelela kakhulu ekuyekeni ukubhema.

• Abantu abaningi badinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe

Nakuba abanye abantu bephumelela bebodwa, abanye abaningi bayazabalaza, futhi ukuyeka ukuze uthole okuhle ngokuvamile kuthatha imizamo eminingana. Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokufuna usizo, kufaka phakathi umuntu nomuntu mathupha, ukusekelwa ngocingo, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula. Izinhlelo eziningi zokwelulekwa zimahhala, kanti ezinye zize zihlanganisa nezimagqabhagqabha ze-nicotine zamahhala.

• Ukwelashwa kuyatholakala

Ukwelashwa ngemithi (ukubuyisela i-nicotine, i-varenicline, noma i-bupropion) kuthuthukisa amazinga okuyeka, ikakhulukazi uma kubhangqwe nokwelulekwa. Le mithi ingasiza ngokufisa, izimpawu zokuyeka, neminye imiphumela engemihle ehlobene nokubhema. Ngisho noma umuntu engakakuyeki ngokuphelele ukubhema, lawa ma-ejenti angaqashwa. I-Varenicline ne-bupropion ithatha isikhathi sokusebenza, ngakho-ke kuye ngokuthi umuthi, kufanele iqale isonto kuya emavikini ambalwa ngaphambi kosuku lokuyeka. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele, ikakhulukazi uma uhlushwa ukucindezeleka.

Uma lezi zindlela zokwelapha ezihlukahlukene zingasebenzi, zingase zizanywe zihlangene. Ukwengeza, kukhona ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokutshopa nokuluthwa ingqondo, kodwa impumelelo ibingacaci kangako ngalokhu.

1. Ukushintshwa kweNicotine - Ukushintshanisa i-Nicotine kuphinda kabili izinga lokuyeka. Iqeda izimpawu zokuhoxa kanye nezifiso, futhi kulula ukuncipha njengoba izimpawu ziba ngcono. Amapheshana, ushingamu, amalozenge, isifutho samakhala, kanye nama-inhaler konke kuyatholakala ekhawuntareni noma ngencwadi kadokotela. Uma umuntu obhemayo ebhema osikilidi abangaphezu kwe-10 ngosuku, kufanele kusetshenziswe isilinganiso esiphezulu sethamo (21mg). I-patch ikhipha i-nicotine esikhumbeni phakathi namahora angu-24, kodwa ingabuye ihoxiswe ngaphambi kokulala. Okunye okushintshwa kwe-nicotine okuthatha isikhathi esifushane kungasetshenziswa wodwa noma kuhlanganiswe neziqephu ezidingekayo ezifisweni noma ohlelweni olujwayelekile (isb. ngehora ngesikhathi uphapheme) ekuqaleni.

2. I-Varenicline (Chantix) - I-Varenicline isebenza ngokunamathisela kuma-nicotine receptors emzimbeni, iwavule kancane ukuze anciphise izimpawu zokuhoxa kuyilapho futhi ewavimba ku-nicotine kugwayi, okwenza ukubhema kungajabulisi. Ocwaningweni, i-varenicline iboniswe ukuthi inenani elikhulu lokuyeka.

3. I-Bupropion (Zyban, Wellbutrin SR) -  I-Bupropion kucatshangwa ukuthi yenza ngokuthinta amahomoni ebuchosheni. Kuyasiza futhi ekunciphiseni ukukhuluphala okuhambisana nokuyeka ukubhema. Labo asebeyekile ukubhema bangase bazuze ekwelashweni okuthatha isikhathi eside. Awukwazi ukusetshenziswa abantu abake baba nokuquleka ngaphambili. 

Iningi lababhemayo eliyekayo lizozizwa lingcono, futhi mancane amathuba okuba bathole (noma bafe) ngezifo ezihlobene nokubhema. Nokho, ukuyeka i-nicotine kuwumsebenzi oyinselele. Uma ufuna ukuyeka ukubhema, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokukusiza uphumelele.