I-Appendicitis: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Ukuxilongwa, Ukwelashwa, Ukudla Okufanele Ukugweme Nokuvimbela

I-appendix iyisitho esincane esifana nomunwe. Kubukeka njengesikhwama esimise okweshubhu esitholakala eduze nengezansi kwesokudla sesisu. I isithasiselo ixhunywe emathunjini amakhulu futhi iqhwakele phezu kwekholoni.

Iyini i-Appendicitis?

Uma kukhona ubuhlungu endaweni yakho ye-appendix eduze kwesokudla sezindawo ezingezansi, lokho kungase kube ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukene. Okuvame kakhulu phakathi kwabo yi-appendicitis. Uma isithasiselo sivuvukele, singenwe isifo, futhi sivalekile lokho kungenza sibe buhlungu, kubangele isimo esibuhlungu esibizwa ngokuthi i-Appendicitis.

Izimbangela ezivamile zobuhlungu ku-Appendix

• Ukuba khona kwamagciwane, amagciwane, noma izimuncagazi emgudwini wokugaya ukudla. 
• I-appendix ivinjwe indle eklinywayo.
• Ubomvu noma ithumba elizungeze isithasiselo.

Izimpawu kanye Izimpawu Appendicitis

Izimpawu ezivamile ze-appendicitis zihlanganisa ubuhlungu obunzima obuzungeze inkinobho yesisu ukuya endaweni lapho i-appendix ikhona. Kungase kuqale ngakwesokudla kwesisu esingaphansi. Kubuhlungu kakhulu lapho unyakaza, ukhwehlela, uthimula, uphefumula ujule noma uthinta leyo ndawo.

I-appendicitis ngokuvamile ibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu. Lapho indle ithinta i-appendix, izimpawu ziqala ukuba zimbi kakhulu futhi i-appendix ingase iqhume. Uma izindonga ze-appendix ziphuka noma kunezimbobo kuwo, igciwane, amafinyila, noma indle iphuma kuwo futhi isakazeke ngaphakathi esiswini njengoba i-appendix iqala ukufa. Lesi simo saziwa ngokuthi yi-peritonitis futhi siwuhlobo oluyingozi lokutheleleka. 

Uma i-appendix iqhuma, khona-ke ubuhlungu buzwakala esiswini sonke. Ingaqhuma phakathi namahora angu-48-72 uma ingelashwa. Uma izimpawu zibonisa ukuthi une-appendicitis, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha.

Ezinye izimpawu zingabandakanya lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuvota
• Fever
• Ukuzithoba
• I-nausea kanye / noma ukuhlanza
• Isisu esivuvukele
• ukuqunjelwa 
• Uhudo
• Inkinga ngokukhipha igesi noma ukudlulisa igesi eningi
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso
• Ubuhlungu ngenkathi uchama, ubuhlungu ku-rectum, iqolo noma ezinye izingxenye zesisu.

Yikuphi Ukudla Okungabangela I-Appendicitis?

I-appendicitis ngokuvamile ayibangelwa ngokuqondile ukudla okuthile. Kunalokho, kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuvinjwa kwe-appendix, okungase kubangele izici ezifana nokunqwabelana kwefecal matter, izifo, noma ukuvuvukala. Nakuba kungekho ukudla okuqondile okwaziwayo ukuthi kubangele i-appendicitis, ukudla okune-fiber ephezulu kanye ne-hydration kungase kusize ukunciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga ezithile zesisu ezingaba nomthelela ongaqondile ku-appendix. Kubalulekile ukugcina inhlanzeko yonke kanye nemikhuba yezempilo kunokugxila ekudleni ngakunye ngokuhlobene ne-appendicitis. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-appendicitis, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Izinkinga ze-Appendicitis

I-appendicitis ibhekwa njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha ngenxa yamathuba okuba nezinkinga ezinkulu ezingase ziqhubeke ngezigaba ezihlukahlukene. Lezi zinkinga zihlanganisa:

• I-Ischemia ne-necrosis: I-appendix ivuvuka kakhulu, okuholela ekuntulekeni kwegazi (ischemia). Lokhu kubangela ukwanda kokuvuvukala kanye nokubola kwezicubu ekugcineni (necrosis).
• I-Gangrene/ Ukubhobozwa: Uma kwenzeka i-necrosis, ukutheleleka kungasakazeka. Lokhu kungenzeka kancane kancane nge-gangrene yangaphakathi noma ngokushesha uma isithasiselo sikhala noma siqhuma (ukubhobozwa).
• Ithumba/i-phlegmon: Ekuqaleni, ukutheleleka kungase kuqukethwe eduze kwe-appendix, kwakha ithumba (iphakethe eligcwele ubomvu) ngaphandle. I-appendix ingase futhi ibe nenqwaba eyaziwa ngokuthi i-phlegmon, equkethe ukutheleleka, kodwa lezi zixuku zinamandla okuqhekeka.
• I-Peritonitis kanye nokutheleleka okusabalalisa: Uma ukutheleleka kudlulela emgodini we-peritoneal (i-peritonitis), kungasakazekela kwezinye izitho futhi kungene ngisho nasegazini (septicemia). Ukutheleleka nge-bloodstream kungase kuholele ku-sepsis kanye nokushaqeka kwe-septic, okubeka ingozi yokufa.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Appendicitis

Udokotela uzokubuza imibuzo embalwa mayelana nesimo sakho sempilo sangaphambilini. Ukuhlolwa okungezansi kuzobekwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa: 

• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Ukuhlola ukuthi isiguli sinaso yini isifo 
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ekuboneni ukuthi isiguli sinaso yini isifo. Isibalo esiphezulu samangqamuzana amhlophe egazi sibonisa ukutheleleka.  

Ukuhlolwa kwesithombe okulandelayo kungenziwa:

• I-Ultrasound: Ukusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi kuhlolwa kanye nokugeleza kwegazi elidlula emithanjeni ehlukahlukene.
• I-CT scan: Inikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi yamathambo, amafutha, imisipha, nezinye izitho.
• I-MRI: Kuphakanyiswa kakhulu endabeni yokukhulelwa, esikhundleni se-CT scan ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-appendicitis

Ukwelashwa kwe-Appendicitis

I-appendicitis ingase iholele emiphumeleni engathi sína edinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma i-appendix iqhuma, ingabangela isifo esibulalayo. Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela bayeluleka ukususwa kwe-appendix ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuhlinza. 

Ukwelashwa kwe-appendicitis ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokususa isithasiselo ngokulandela izindlela ezibalwe ngezansi:

• Vula indlela yokuhlinzwa: Ukusika kwenziwa esiswini ngemuva kokunikeza isiguli i-anesthesia. Udokotela ohlinzayo ukhipha isithasiselo. Uma sekuvele kuqhume ubovu ngaphakathi kumele bukhishwe.
• Indlela ye-Laparoscopic: Inqubo yokuhlinzwa yenziwa ngemva kokunikeza isiguli i-anesthesia. Kubandakanya ukusika okuncane okuncane. Ngosizo lwe-laparoscope, izingxenye zangaphakathi zesisu zifinyeleleka. Ukusikeka okuncane kwenziwa ukufaka amathuluzi okuhlinza. Okunye ukufakwa kwenzelwa ukufaka ikhamera/ i-laparoscope.

Amakhambi Asekhaya Nge-Appendicitis

Uma ubona izimpawu ze-appendicitis, kubalulekile ukuthintana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ngoba kuyisimo esibucayi esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ukuthembela emakhambi asekhaya akuphephile.

Uma uhlinzwa ukuze ukhiphe i-appendix yakho, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze ama-antibiotics kanye nezidambisi-zinhlungu ukusiza ekululameni kwakho. Ngokuhambisana nokulandela irejimeni yemithi enqunyiwe, kungaba yinzuzo uku:

• Thola ukuphumula okwanele.
• Hlala unamanzi amaningi ngokuphuza uketshezi olwanele.
• Zibandakanye ekuhambeni okulula kwansuku zonke.
• Gwema imisebenzi ekhandlayo nokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekususa ukuba wenze kanjalo.
• Gcina ukuhlanzeka nokomile ezindaweni zakho zokuhlinza.

Ezimweni ezithile, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukulungiswa kokudla. Uma uhlangabezana nesicanucanu sangemva kokuhlinzwa, ukudla ukudla okungenalutho okufana ne-toast nelayisi elingenalutho kungase kukunikeze impumuzo. Ngokuqunjelwa, kungase kuphakanyiswe isithasiselo se-fiber.

Isikhathi Sokubuyisela Ngemva kwe-Appendectomy

Ukubuyisela ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa kuzothatha isikhathi esincane uma isithasiselo singaqhumanga. Kodwa, uma kwenzeka iqhuma, khona-ke kungathatha isikhathi eside futhi isiguli sinikezwa imithi elwa namagciwane okwamanje.

Isiphetho

I-appendix iyisitho esingenalutho somzimba wakho ongakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwaso. Kodwa uma kunenkinga ngalesi sitho, udinga ukuyithatha ngokungathi sína. Kuyadingeka ukulandela ukwelashwa, ukuthatha imithi efike ngesikhathi futhi landela iseluleko sikadokotela. Ungayithola isuswe uma ucetshiswa ukuthi wenze njalo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuwukwelapha okuyinhloko kwe-appendicitis?

Yebo, ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-appendicitis ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kwe-appendix evuvukele, inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-appendectomy. Lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kwenziwa njengesimo esiphuthumayo ukuze kuvinjwe i-appendix ekuqhumeni.

2. Yiziphi izivivinyo ezingaxilonga i-appendicitis?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-appendicitis ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokuthwebula izithombe. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungathola izinkomba zokuvuvukala, njengenani eliphakeme lamaseli amhlophe egazi noma amazinga amaprotheni asebenza ngo-C, okusiza ekuhlonzeni ukutheleleka. Ukuhlolwa kwesithombe njengama-ultrasound wesisu noma ama-CT scan asetshenziselwa ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukuvuvukala okungaba khona kwe-appendix. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungase kucelwe ukuze kuqedwe ezinye izimo ezingaba khona.

3. Yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zenzeke nge-appendicitis?

Uma ingelashwa, i-appendicitis ingaholela ezinkingeni ezifana ne-appendix ephukile, ukwakheka kwethumba, noma i-peritonitis (ukutheleleka komgodi wesisu). Lezi zinkinga zingaba zimbi kakhulu futhi zidinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe.

4. Ingabe ukudla kungabangela i-appendicitis?

Ngezinye izikhathi, kuyaqabukela, imbewu engacutshungulwanga noma i-nut ingavimba umnyango wesithasiselo futhi iholele ekuvuvukeni. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, ukudla i-fiber eyengeziwe kunganciphisa amathuba akho okuthola i-appendicitis.

5. Iyini i-appendicitis eyingozi ngokumelene ne-appendicitis engapheli?

I-appendicitis ivame ukuvela njengesimo esibucayi, esibonakala ngokuqala kungazelelwe kanye nokuwohloka okusheshayo. Ukuqonda kwethu i-appendicitis ngokuyinhloko kugxile ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ezivame kakhulu. Ngokuphambene, i-appendicitis engapheli iyisimo esiyivelakancane futhi esingaqondakali kancane. Kubonakala sengathi kwenzeka lapho i-appendix icasulwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngaphandle kokubi kakhulu.

I-appendicitis engapheli ingase ingabonisi izimpawu ezikhulayo ezibonakala ezimweni ezinzima, okwenza kube nzima ukuzibona. Noma kunjalo, zonke izinhlobo ze-appendicitis ziyingozi. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besisu obungapheli obungaziwa, kubalulekile ukubonana nochwepheshe bezempilo. I-appendicitis engapheli ingashintsha ibe isiqephu esibucayi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo basondela ekwelashweni kwayo ngendlela efanayo ne-appendicitis eyingozi ngenxa yezingozi ezingaba khona ezihilelekile.

6. Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala ze-appendicitis?

• Ubuhlungu Besisu: Ngokuvamile buqala eduze kwenkinobho yesisu bese buthuthela ohlangothini olungezansi kwesokudla kwesisu. Ubuhlungu bungaba nzima kakhulu futhi bungakhula ngokuhamba, ukukhwehlela, noma ukuthimula.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza: Ukuzizwa ugula esiswini sakho nokuhlanza kungase kwenzeke.
• Ukulahlekelwa Isifiso Sokudla: Ukulahlekelwa ukudla okungazelelwe kuvame ukuhambisana ne-appendicitis.
• Umkhuhlane: Imfiva yezinga eliphansi ingase ibe khona, ngokuvamile ehambisana nezinye izimpawu.

7. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhlinzwa kwe-appendix?

Ubude besikhathi se-appendectomy, ukuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe i-appendix, kungahluka kuye ngezici ezinjengesimo sesiguli, ubunzima be-appendicitis, nezindlela zokuhlinza ezisetshenziswayo. Ngokuvamile, i-appendectomy ye-laparoscopic eqondile ingase ithathe cishe imizuzu engama-30 kuya ehoreni, kuyilapho ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside.

8. Yiziphi izigaba ze-appendicitis?

I-appendicitis ayihlali yenzeke ngezigaba ezihlukene, kodwa isimo singase siqhubeke. Kodwa-ke, ukuqonda okujwayelekile kokuqhubekela phambili okungenzeka kufake:

1. I-Appendicitis Yasekuqaleni: Ibonakala ngokungaphatheki kahle kwesisu okungacacile noma ubuhlungu eduze kwenkinobho yesisu.
2. I-Acute Appendicitis: Ubuhlungu obubukhali obufudukela ezansi kwesisu esingakwesokudla, buhambisane nezimpawu eziba zimbi njengokushisa, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza.
3. I-Appendicitis Ephukile: Uma i-appendix iqhuma, izimpawu zingase zibe ngcono okwesikhashana ngenxa yokukhululwa kwengcindezi. Kodwa-ke, kuholela ezinkingeni ezinzima kakhulu njenge-peritonitis (ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwesisu).

9. I-appendicitis ingahlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ubude be-appendicitis bungase buhluke. Ekuqaleni, izimpawu zingase zibe mnene futhi zidlule, kodwa njengoba isimo siqhubeka, izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu. Lapho i-appendix ivuvukala, izimpawu ngokuvamile zikhula ngaphezu kosuku noma ezimbili. Uma i-appendix iqhuma, ubunzima nobude bokugula kwanda, futhi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kuyadingeka.

10. Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kwe-appendix kubuhlungu?

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-appendix (appendectomy) ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia, ngakho iziguli azizwa ubuhlungu phakathi nenqubo. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, okunye ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu endaweni yokusikwa noma esiswini kuvamile. Ubuhlungu ngokuvamile bulawulwa ngokuphumelelayo ngemithi yezinhlungu enqunywe udokotela. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic kungase kubangele ubuhlungu obuncane futhi kube nesikhathi sokululama ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlinzwa okuvulekile.

Uma usola i-appendicitis noma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezisikiselayo, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngoba i-appendicitis engelashiwe ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele kanye nokwelashwa.