Umchamo Onegwebu: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Ukwelashwa kanye Namakhambi Asekhaya

Wake waqaphela igwebu noma amagwebu emchameni wakho? Nakuba kungase kubonakale kungenangozi, umchamo onegwebu ungaba uphawu lwesimo sempilo esicashile. Ngezinye izikhathi, igwebu ngenkathi uchama livamile ngoba isivinini sokuchama nezinye izici zingathonya lokhu, kodwa kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho uma umchamo wakho onegwebu uphikelela futhi ubonakala ngokuphawulekayo. Le ndatshana ihlose ukukunikeza ukuqonda okuphelele komchamo onegwebu, izimbangela zawo, izici eziyingozi, ukuxilongwa, kanye nezinketho zokwelapha. Ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko, uzoqonda kangcono ukuthi ungalufuna nini usizo lwezokwelapha nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha nezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze ubhekane nalesi simo. 

Izimpawu Zomchamo Onamagwebu

Igwebu ngenkathi uchama libonakala ngokuba khona kwamabhamuza amaningi noma igwebu endishini yangasese noma esitsheni somchamo. Lawa mabhamuza angaqhubeka isikhathi eside, ngisho nangemva kokushaywa noma ukulahla umchamo. Ngezinye izikhathi, umchamo ungase ubonakale uguqubele noma ube nephunga elihlukile. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi igwebu elincane noma amagwebu emchameni kuthathwa njengokujwayelekile, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuzivocavoca kanzima noma ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. 

Uma usola ukuthi kukhona ukugula okucashile, bheka ezinye izimpawu. Lezi zimpawu zingaba izinkomba zokuthi isimo sezempilo esidala inkinga: 

• Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso 
• Isicanucanu kanye oluhlanzayo 
• Ukuvuvukala ezandleni, ezinyaweni nasebusweni 
• Ukuvuthwa njalo 
• Umchamo onombala omnyama 
• Yenza ubuthakathaka jikelele 

Izimbangela Zomchamo Onegwebu

Ezinye zezimbangela zamagwebu emchameni yilezi: 

• Amaprotheni emchameni (Proteinuria): Amaprotheni amaningi emchameni angabangela ukuba ube negwebu. Lesi simo singaba wuphawu lwe isifo sezinso, isifo sikashukela, noma izinkinga ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba. 
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Uma umzimba uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni noma unezinga loketshezi eliphansi kunelivamile, umchamo uyagxila kakhulu, okwandisa amathuba okuba negwebu lapho uchama. 
• Izifo Zezinso: Izimo ezifana ne-glomerulonephritis, i-nephrotic syndrome, nesifo sezinso ze-polycystic zingaholela kumchamo onegwebu ngenxa yokuba khona kwamaprotheni noma ezinye izinto emchameni. 
• Isifo sikashukela: Asilawuleki sikashukela kungalimaza izinso, kubangele i-proteinuria nomchamo onamagwebu kwabesilisa nabesifazane. 
• Ukutheleleka Kwe-Urinary Tract (UTIs): Izinhlobo ezithile zamabhaktheriya zingakhiqiza ama-enzyme angabangela igwebu emchameni kwabesifazane. 
• Imithi: Imithi, njengeminye kwemithi elwa namagciwaneama-diuretics, ama-diuretics imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali izidakamizwa, zingafaka umchamo onegwebu njengomphumela ongemuhle. 

Izingozi Zezingozi 

Ziningi izinto ezingenza umuntu athambekele ekukhipheni umchamo onegwebu, okuhlanganisa: 

• Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD) 
• Diabetes 
• Izifo ze-autoimmune (isb, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis) 
• Izifo ezithinta u-Urinary 
• Imithi ethile 
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni 
• Ukuvivinya umzimba okukhandlayo

Ukuxilongwa Komchamo Onegwebu 

Uma uthola umchamo onamagwebu oqhubekayo, thintana nodokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele. Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlolwa okulandelayo: 

• Ukuhlaziywa Komchamo: Lolu phenyo lungabona ukuba khona kwamaprotheni, amaseli egazi, noma ezinye izinto emchameni ezingase zibe nomthelela ekuchameni okunegwebu. 
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungabandakanya ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso (izinso) (RFT), okuhlanganisa amazinga e-serum creatinine ne-blood urea nitrogen (BUN), ukuhlolwa kwamazinga e-electrolyte, nokuhlolwa kweglucose yegazi, okungasiza ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso nokuthola noma yiziphi izimo ezibangela umchamo onegwebu. 
• Iqoqo Lomchamo Wamahora angu-24: Odokotela bangase baqoqe umchamo ngaphezu kwamahora angu-24 ukuze balinganise inani eliphelele leprotheyini ekhishwe. 
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Odokotela bangase batuse amasu e-imaging afana ne-ultrasound noma i-CT scans ukuze bahlole i-anatomy & physiology yezinso kanye nomgudu womchamo. 
• I-Kidney Biopsy: Ngezinye izikhathi, isampula encane yezicubu zezinso ingase ihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kutholakale imbangela yomchamo onegwebu. 

Ukwelashwa Komchamo Onegwebu

Ukwelashwa komchamo onegwebu kuncike kumbangela. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezijwayelekile: 

• Ukubhekana Nesimo Esiyisisekelo: Uma umchamo onegwebu ubangelwa isimo esithile, njengesifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso, noma ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract, ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo kubalulekile. Ukwelashwa kungase kuhlanganise imithi, ukushintsha indlela yokuphila, noma okunye ukungenelela. 
• Ukuguqulwa Kokudla: Odokotela bangase batuse ukudla okuphansi kwamaprotheni kanye ne-sodium kubantu abanesifo sezinso noma i-proteinuria ukuze banciphise umsebenzi ezinso futhi banciphise umchamo onegwebu. 
• Imithi: Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi yokulawula isimo esikhona noma yehlise ukuphuma kwamaprotheni emchameni. 
• Ukulawulwa Kwe-Fluid: Ukwandisa uketshezi olungenalo kungasiza ekunciphiseni umchamo futhi kunciphise ukugcwala kwezinto ezibangela umchamo onegwebu. 
• Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila: Ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo, okuhlanganisa ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukulawula isisindo, nokugwema ukubhema, ingasekela impilo yezinso iyonke futhi inciphise umchamo onegwebu. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Nakuba igwebu elincane noma amabhamuza emchameni kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile, umchamo ophikelelayo noma onegwebu ngokweqile ungase ubonise inkinga yezempilo ecashile. Xhumana nodokotela uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo: 

• Umchamo onegwebu ophikelelayo othatha izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa 
• Lapho umchamo onegwebu unobuhlungu, ukuvutha, noma igazi emchameni 
• Umchamo onegwebu uhlangene ne ukuvuvukala, ukukhathala, noma ezinye izimpawu

Ikhambi Lasekhaya Legwebu Emchameni

Nakuba amakhambi asekhaya akufanele athathe indawo yokwelashwa kochwepheshe, ezinye izindlela zemvelo zingasiza ekwehliseni umchamo onegwebu noma zibhekane nezimbangela eziyisisekelo: 

• Khulisa Ukudla Okuwuketshezi: Ukuphuza inani elifanele lamanzi nokuhlala unamanzi amaningi kungasiza ekunciphiseni umchamo futhi kunciphise ukugcwala kwezinto ezibangela umchamo onegwebu. 
• Ijusi le-Cranberry: Ijusi ye-Cranberry ingasiza ekuvimbeleni noma ukuphatha ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract, okungase kubangele umchamo onegwebu ngezinye izikhathi. 
• Amakhambi Emithi: Amakhambi athile, njengempande ye-dandelion kanye ne-nettle ehlabayo, kukholakala ukuthi anezindawo zokukhipha isisu futhi angasiza ekukhipheni izinto eziningi emzimbeni, okungenzeka anciphise umchamo onegwebu. 
• Ukuguqulwa Kokudla: Ukunciphisa ukudla kwakho amaprotheni, i-sodium, nokudla okugayiwe kungasiza ekwehliseni umsebenzi ezinso futhi kunciphise umchamo onegwebu. 

Isiphetho

Umchamo onegwebu ungaba uphawu lwesimo sempilo esingaphansi, kusukela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni kuye esifweni sezinso noma isifo sikashukela. Nakuba inani elincane legwebu libhekwa njengento evamile, umchamo ophikelelayo noma oweqile wegwebu akufanele unganakwa. Uma uthola umchamo onegwebu, thintana nodokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile nokwelashwa. Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kungavimbela ezinye izinkinga futhi kuvikele impilo yakho yonke.