Ikhanda Elibuhlungu Ngemuva Kweso: Izimbangela, Ukuxilongwa Nokwelashwa

Ubuhlungu obubukhali ngemuva kweso lakho kanye nekhanda elihlabayo kungaba umuzwa ongakhululekile. Ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemva kweso lingacindezela kakhulu. Abantu abaningi bahlushwa yilokhu uhlobo lwekhanda. Ukuqonda izimbangela, izimpawu, namasu okusiza ekhanda elibuhlungu ngemuva kweso kubalulekile kulabo abafuna ukuphathwa nokwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izici ezihlukahlukene ezingaholela ekuphathweni kwekhanda ngemuva kwamehlo, okuhlanganisa izinto ezingabangela ubuhlungu bekhanda ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwekhanda ngemuva kweso. 

Ziyini Izinhlungu Zekhanda Ngemuva Kweso?

Ubuhlungu bekhanda ngemuva kwamehlo akusona isimo esithile sezokwelapha kodwa uphawu oluhambisana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zekhanda elibuhlungu noma izinkinga zempilo ezingaphansi. Ubuhlungu bungase bube buthuntu noma bubukhali, futhi bungahambisana nokuzwela ekukhanyeni, ukungaphatheki kahle kwamehlo, nezinye izinzwa.

Izimbangela Zekhanda Elibuhlungu Ngemuva Kweso

Ubuhlungu bekhanda ngemuva kweso bungasukela ezicini ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezimweni ezithambile kuya ezindabeni ezibucayi kakhulu. Ezinye zezimbangela yilezi:

• I-Migraine: I-Migraines kungase kugqugquzelwe ukuntula ubuthongo, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukucindezeleka, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, iphunga elinamandla, noma ukudla neziphuzo ezithile.
• I-Tension Headaches: Ziwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile zibangela ukuzwa ubuhlungu obufiphele ezinhlangothini zombili zekhanda noma ngaphesheya kwesiphongo, ngemuva kwamehlo. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukucindezeleka, ukucindezelwa kwamehlo, ukungami kahle, noma ukukhathala. 
• I-Cluster Headaches: Awona amakhanda avamile avamile, abangela ubuhlungu obukhulu eduze nehlo elilodwa, futhi avame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo usuku ngalunye, ngokuvamile okubangelwa utshwala noma ukubhema. 
• Izifo ze-Sinus: Angase futhi aholele ekuphathweni kwekhanda ngemuva kwamehlo, okuhambisana nokuminyana nokuphuma koketshezi emakhaleni. 
• I-Eyestrain: Ukucindezela okuvela emehlweni, ikakhulukazi kusukela kusikrini eside noma izinkinga zokubona okungalungisiwe, kungabangela ukungakhululeki ngemva kwamehlo.
• Ezinye Izimbangela Ezingenzeka: Kungase kube i-scleritis (ukuvuvukala koqweqwe lwangaphandle lweso), i-optic neuritis (ukuvuvukala kwe-optic nerve), isifo se-Graves, ne-glaucoma. Lezi zimo zingabangela ubuhlungu beso, ingcindezi, nokuzwela, okuvame ukuhambisana nekhanda elibuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo.

Izimpawu Zekhanda Elibuhlungu Ngemuva Kweso

Ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemuva kweso lingabonakalisa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kubangele ukungakhululeki futhi kuthinte ukuphila kwansuku zonke. 

• Ubuhlungu bungase buzwakale ngemuva kweso elilodwa (elinye) noma womabili amehlo (amazwe amabili), kusukela ebuhlungu obuncane kuya emuzweni obukhali, oshaya ngamandla.
• Kwezinye izimo, ubuhlungu bungase bubonakale buvela endaweni yamehlo, izono, noma ngaphakathi kwekhanda
• Ubuhlungu obuzungeze iso nethempeli bungasakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zekhanda
• Ububomvu nokuvuvukala kweso elithintekile
• Ingcindezi noma ukuqina ebunzini nangemuva kwamehlo
• Ukuzwela kwesikhumba kanye nokuzwela okukhulayo ekukhanyeni
• Ubuhlungu, ukulunywa, noma ukushisa emehlweni
• Umbono ophundlekile

Sifo

• Umlando Wezempilo Nokuhlolwa Komzimba: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho uzohlola izimpawu nezimpawu zekhanda lakho futhi abheke izimpawu zezimo ezikhona. Bangase bakucele ukuthi ugcine idayari yezimpawu ezinsukwini noma emavikini alandela ukuqokwa kwakho, okungabasiza babone amaphethini kanye nezinto ezingaba izibangeli. Bazophinde bahlole izimo zezokwelapha ezifana ne-sinusitis, i-migraines, noma i-cluster headaches.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwamehlo: Ukuvimbela ukucindezeleka kwamehlo, i-glaucoma, noma ezinye izinkinga ezithinta iso.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: I-MRI noma i-CT scan yekhanda isiza ukuhlola ezinye izimbangela zekhanda elibuhlungu. 
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezinzwa: Lezi zivivinyo zingenziwa ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi akukho yini ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa noma ukusebenza kobuchopho.

Ukwelapha Ikhanda Elibuhlungu Ngemuva Kweso

Ukwelapha ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemuva kweso kuhilela izindlela ezihlukahlukene, kuye ngembangela ewumsuka. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Ngobuhlungu obuncane kuya kobumaphakathi, amaphilisi e-over-the-counter (OTC) e-painkiller noma ama-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) anganikeza ukukhululeka. 
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, odokotela bangase banikeze:
  • I-Triptans 
  • Ama-beta blockers
  • antidepressant
  • Imithi elwa nokuquleka 
• Amakhambi asekhaya angasebenza futhi ekulawuleni ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:
  • Ukuphumula ekamelweni elimnyama nelithulile kunganciphisa ubuhlungu be-migraine. 
  • I-compress ebandayo noma iphakethe leqhwa linganikeza ukukhululeka. 
  • Ngekhanda elibuhlungu, i-pad yokushisisa noma ishawa efudumele ingaba yinzuzo.
  • Ngezinhlungu zekhanda ezibangelwa izifo ze-sinus, ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuhilela ukusula ukutheleleka. 
  • Ezimeni zokuxineka kwamehlo, ukulandela umthetho '20-20-20' kungasiza: njalo ngemizuzu engama-20, gxila entweni engamamitha angamashumi amabili imizuzwana engamashumi amabili.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Nakuba ubuhlungu bekhanda ngezikhathi ezithile ngemva kweso buvamile, izimo ezithile zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo:

• Uma uphathwa yikhanda elilokhu libuya noma libe libi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi 
• Uma unezinhlungu ezihlabayo ngaphambili noma ohlangothini lwekhanda lakho
• Uma unekhanda elibuhlungu elihambisana nobuhlungu bomhlathi lapho udla, ukungaboni kahle noma ukubona kabili, noma ukuba ndikindiki ezingalweni zakho noma imilenze. 
• Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12, uma zinezinhlungu zekhanda ezizivusa ebusuku, ziba zimbi ngokuqhubekayo, noma zibangelwa ukukhwehlela noma ukuthimula. 
• Uma unekhanda elibuhlungu elihambisana nokuhlanza noma ubunzima bokubheka phezulu 

Prevention

Ukuvimbela ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemuva kweso kuhlanganisa ukwamukela izinguquko ezihlukahlukene zokuphila kanye nokugwema izinto ezibangela ukudumazeka, njenge:

• Gcina idayari yezimpawu ukuze uhlonze amaphethini nezibangeli ezingase zibe khona. 
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo
• Misa isimiso sokulala esingaguquki 
• Lawula ukucindezeleka ngokusebenzisa amasu okuphumula. 
• Ukuhlala ungenawo amanzi 
• Ukugcina ukudla okunomsoco (ukugwema noma ukunciphisa ukudla okugayiwe, utshwala, ne-caffeine)
• Gwema izinto ezibangeli ezivamile (uma unemigraines) njengemisindo ephezulu, iphunga elinamandla, izibani ezikhanyayo, nokuntuleka kokulala. 
• Gwema isikhathi eseqile sesikrini.
• Landela i-20-20-20 (uthatha ikhefu lemizuzwana engu-20 njalo ngemizuzu engu-20 ukuze ubheke okuthile okungamamitha angu-20)

Isiphetho

Ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemuva kweso kubalulekile ukuze ube nenhlalakahle yesikhathi eside. Lokhu kusho ukulandelela izinto ezibangisayo, ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo ngokuzivocavoca okuvamile kanye nemikhuba emihle yokulala, nokulawula ukucindezeleka ngempumelelo. Nakuba ikhanda elibuhlungu ngezikhathi ezithile livamile, kubalulekile ukunaka izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezingase zibonise isidingo sokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ngokuhlala benolwazi futhi bekhuthele, abantu ngabanye bangakwazi ukulawula impilo yabo futhi banciphise umthelela wekhanda elibuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo eqophelweni labo lempilo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Indlela yokuqeda ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo akho?

Zama ukudambisa izinhlungu ezitholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta ukuze udambise ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo akho. Ukuphumula ekamelweni elimnyama, elithule kungasiza, ikakhulukazi ngemigraines. Iphakethe leqhwa lendawo ethintekile lingase linikeze ukukhululeka. Ukuhlonza nokugwema izibangeli, ezifana nokudla okuthile, ukuntuleka kokulala, noma isikhathi eside sesikrini, kubalulekile. Ukwenza ukulungisa indlela yokuphila nokulawula ingcindezi ngokusebenzisa amasu okuphumula (i-yoga noma ukuphefumula okujulile) nakho kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ubuhlungu obuphindelelayo.

2. Ingabe ubuhlungu obungemva kweso elilodwa bubucayi?

Ubuhlungu obungemva kweso elilodwa bungaba uphawu lwezifo ezihlukahlukene, kusukela kwezincane kuya kwezinga eliphezulu. Nakuba kuvame ukubangelwa ukucindezelwa kwamehlo noma ubuhlungu bekhanda obucindezelayo, kungase futhi kubonise izinkinga ezinzima njenge-glaucoma noma i-optic neuritis. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obungalindelekile, obunzima ngemuva kweso, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nezinguquko zombono, ububomvu, noma ukuvuvukala, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. 

3. Liyini ikhanda elihlangothi olulodwa elinobuhlungu bamehlo?

Ikhanda elihlangothini elilodwa elinobuhlungu beso livame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-migraine noma i-cluster headaches. I-Migraines ngokuvamile ibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu ohlangothini olulodwa lwekhanda, ngezinye izikhathi ngemuva kweso elilodwa, futhi ingase ihambisane nokuzwela ukukhanya nomsindo. Ikhanda elibuhlungu leqembu, nakuba lingavamile, libangela ubuhlungu obukhulu eduze nehlo elilodwa futhi livame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo usuku ngalunye. Lezi zinhlungu zekhanda zingaba nzima futhi zingadinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ukuze kuphathwe ngendlela efanele.

4. Ingabe ukuntula ubuthongo kungabangela ubuhlungu bekhanda ngemva kwamehlo?

Yebo, ukuntuleka kokulala kungabangela ubuhlungu bekhanda ngemva kwamehlo. Ukuntuleka kokulala kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zekhanda elibuhlungu, kuhlanganise ne-migraines kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu. 

5. Ngiyeka kanjani ukuphathwa yikhanda ngemuva kwamehlo ami?

Ukuze uvimbele ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemva kwamehlo akho, gcina isimiso sokulala esingaguquki futhi uzame amahora angu-7 kuya kwayisishiyagalolunye okulala ubusuku ngabunye. Lawula ingcindezi ngokusebenzisa amasu okuphumula nokuzivocavoca okuvamile. Uma uchitha isikhathi eside ubheka izikrini, landela umthetho we-20-20-20. Hlala uhlanzekile futhi ulondoloze ukudla okulinganiselayo, ugweme izinto ezibangela izisusa ezaziwayo njengokudla okugayiwe, utshwala, kanye ne-caffeine eyeqile.