Ilungiswa Kanjani Isixazululo Sokubuyisela Ukubuyisela Amanzi Amanzi Emanzini Omlomo (ORS) kanye Nezinzuzo Zaso

Umzimba womuntu wakhiwe ngamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi amanzi kanye nezinhlanganisela eziphilayo ezihlanganisa i-lipids, amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, nama-nucleic acid. Amanzi atholakala oketshezini olungaphandle kwamangqamuzana omzimba wethu (i-plasma yegazi, i-lymph noketshezi oluphakathi nendawo) kanye namaseli ngokwawo. Cishe u-60% womzimba womuntu omdala unamanzi. Iyingxenye eyinhloko yamaseli, izicubu nezitho zomzimba futhi ibalulekile empilweni.  

• Amanzi nomzimba wethu: Isiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa elivamile lomzimba, igcoba namalunga e-cushion, futhi ivikela ikholomu yomgogodla nezicubu ezizwelayo. Kuyasiza futhi ukukhipha udoti womzimba ukuchama, ukujuluka nokuphuma kwamathumbu. Amanzi asebenza njengesakhi esibalulekile empilweni yawo wonke amangqamuzana futhi alawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wethu wangaphakathi ngokujuluka nokuphefumula.
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Umzimba wethu uthembele emanzini ukwenza imisebenzi eyisisekelo. Kwesinye isikhathi, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, umzimba ulahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi kunalolo olusetshenzisiwe bese uphelelwa amanzi. Kungase kube ngenxa yohudo, ukuhlanza, ngokweqile Ukuthuthumela, ukuzivocavoca noma ukuphuza amanzi aphansi. Ngakho-ke, lapho umzimba uphelelwa amanzi, imisebenzi yomzimba iba nomphumela.

Iyini i-Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS)?

I-Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) isiphuzo esikhethekile esiqukethe ibhalansi enembile yama-electrolyte, njenge-sodium ne-sodium. i-potassium, kanye ne-glucose ngezilinganiso ezithile. Lesi sixazululo sakhiwe ukuze sigcwalise uketshezi kanye nama-electrolyte alahlekile ngenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okubangelwa isifo sohudo or oluhlanzayo.

Ingabe i-oral rehydration therapy iphephile ezinganeni?

I-ORS ngokuvamile iphephile ezinganeni uma isetshenziswa ngendlela eyalelwe ngayo. Ibhalansi enembile yama-electrolyte neglucose ku-ORS isiza ekumunceni ngokushesha nasekubuyiseleni amanzi emzimbeni ngaphandle kokudala umonakalo. Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo efanele yokulungiselela kanye nemithamo ngokweminyaka yengane kanye nobukhulu bokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, ukubonisana nochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokuphatha i-ORS, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinzima, kuyancomeka.

Kuthiwani Uma Singakunaki Ukuphelelwa Amanzi?

Njengoba umzimba uthembele emanzini ukwenza imisebenzi eyisisekelo yomzimba, umzimba wethu udinga ukuvuselelwa. Uma umzimba wethu ungelashelwa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-oral rehydration therapy inikezwa lowo muntu njengomuntu othembekile Ukwelapha Ukuphelelwa Amanzi. Umuntu unikezwa i-ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution) ukuze agcwalise amazinga oketshezi emzimbeni wakhe. I-ORS ivamise ukunikezwa ukwelapha ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okumaphakathi ngenxa yohudo, ukuhlanza noma ezinye izimo.

I-ORS iqukethe inani elithile le-glucose nama-electrolyte (i-potassium ne-sodium). Lezi zingxenye ze-Oral Rehydration Solution zandisa ukumuncwa koketshezi emgudwini wamathumbu. Leli pheshana lincike kuma-cotransporters e-sodium-glucose, asiza ukuhambisa izinto kulwelwesi. I-sodium ne-glucose kuhlanganiswe ndawonye kusiza ekumunceni kahle uketshezi emzimbeni.  

Kuphephile futhi ezinganeni. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okuhlobene nesifo sohudo ezinganeni. Uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abadala, izingane zisengozini yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yohudo, njengoba zinezinga eliphezulu lokugayeka kokudla emzimbeni, okusho ukuthi zilahlekelwa uketshezi lomzimba ngokushesha. Ukujuluka ngokweqile kanye nokuphuza amanzi amancane kungandisa nakakhulu ingozi yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ezinganeni njengoba zingakwazi ukubona ukoma futhi zingaziniki amanzi.

I-Electrolytes: Ukufaka amanzi kahle emzimbeni wethu kusho ukugcina amazinga e-electrolyte ethu esezingeni elifanele. Ama-Electrolyte asiza imizimba yethu ekulinganiseni imizimba yethu ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene - ukugcina amazinga amanzi, ukuhambisa imisoco kumangqamuzana afanelekile, ukugcina amazinga e-PH, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye zethu zomzimba zisebenza ngendlela okufanele zisebenze ngayo.

Kufanele isetshenziswe nini i-ORS?

I-Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) kufanele isetshenziswe ezimeni ezihlukahlukene ukuze kubhekwane nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Kunconywa kakhulu kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Isifo sohudo: I-ORS ibaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni isifo sohudo, njengoba isiza esikhundleni soketshezi nama-electrolyte alahleka ngenxa yokugeleza kwamathumbu amaningi.
• Ukuhlanza: Lapho abantu behlanza, basengozini yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. I-ORS ingasiza ekugcwaliseni uketshezi olulahlekile nama-electrolyte.
• Ukugula kanye Nezifo: Ngesikhathi izifo njengomkhuhlane noma izifo eziholela kumkhuhlane, kunengozi eyengeziwe yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. I-ORS ingasetshenziswa ukugcina amazinga e-hydration afanelekile.
• I-Traveler's Diarrhea: I-ORS ingaba wusizo lapho uya ezindaweni lapho izifo ezibangelwa amanzi zidlange khona, kusize ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• Umsebenzi Onzima Womzimba: Abasubathi noma abantu abenza imisebenzi ekhandlayo yomzimba, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezishisayo, bangasebenzisa i-ORS ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo zomhlinzeki wokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nemiyalelo yokuthi usetshenziswa nini futhi kanjani i-ORS ezimweni ezithile zempilo. Uma ungabaza noma izimpawu ziqhubeka, ukuxhumana nochwepheshe wezempilo kuyancomeka.

Ukusetshenziswa kanye Nezinzuzo ze-ORS

I-ORS ibhekwa njengendlela yokwelapha ephephile nephumelelayo yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni eziphethwe isifo sohudo noma eziphalazayo. Kuyasiza ekubuyiseleni uketshezi olulahlekile nama-electrolyte, ukuvimbela noma ukwelapha izinkinga ezihlobene nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Izinzuzo ze-ORS zifaka:

1. Ukuvuselela Uketshezi: I-ORS isiza esikhundleni soketshezi olulahlekile ngenxa yohudo noma ukuhlanza ngokuphumelelayo kunamanzi angenalutho.
2. Ukugcwalisa kabusha ama-Electrolyte: Kuqukethe ama-electrolyte abalulekile njenge-sodium, i-potassium, ne-glucose, abalulekile ekugcineni ukugeleza kwamanzi nokusebenza kahle komzimba.
3. Ukuvimbela Ukuphelelwa Amanzi Amanzi: Ukuphatha i-ORS ngokushesha kungavimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okuncane ukuba kubi nakakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni.
4. Ilula futhi Iphephile: I-ORS kulula ukuyilungisa nokuyiphatha, okuyenza ibe indlela yokwelapha elula nephephile, ngisho nasezinsaneni nabancane. izingane.

Isebenza kanjani i-oral rehydration solution (ORS) ekuqedeni amanzi emzimbeni?

Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okuncane kungalawulwa ngokuphuza uketshezi olunjengamanzi noma umhluzi ocwebile.

Ukuze uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni okumaphakathi, i-oral rehydration solution (ORS) iyatuswa. I-ORS ayihlanganisi amanzi kuphela kodwa futhi iqukethe amanani anembile eglucose nama-electrolyte, njenge-potassium ne-sodium. Lezi zingxenye zithuthukisa ukumuncwa koketshezi emgudwini wesisu. Emathunjini, ama-sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs) adlala indima ebalulekile ngokwenza lula ukunyakaza kwezinto kulwelwesi lwamaseli. Ngokukhethekile, ama-SGLT ahlanganisa ukuthuthwa kwe-sodium ne-glucose emathunjini amancane, esiza ekumunceni uketshezi emzimbeni. I-ORS iqinisekisa ukumuncwa okusebenzayo ngokunikeza kokubili i-glucose nesodium ndawonye.

Izingozi Ezingenzeka kanye Nemiphumela Emibi ye-ORS

I-Oral rehydration therapy ihlose ukubuyisela ibhalansi ye-electrolyte. Ukulungiswa okungalungile noma ukusetshenziswa kwekhambi kungaholela ebusheni bakasawoti, okubizwa nangokuthi i-hypernatremia. Imiphumela engemihle engaba khona ingase ihlanganise:

• I-nausea
• Ukuvota
• Ukungabi namandla
• Kuncishisiwe ukudla
• Ukudideka
• Ukoma okukhulu
• Izinso umonakalo

Ubani okufanele agweme izixazululo ze-oral hydration?

Qaphela lapho usebenzisa i-oral rehydration solutions uma:

• Unenkinga yezinso
• Unesifo sikashukela
• Have inhliziyo ukwehluleka
• Thatha imithi yesifo senhliziyo noma ephezulu ukushaya kwegazi

Yimalini okufanele inikezwe ngokweminyaka?

Inani elifanele le-oral rehydration solution (ORS) liyahlukahluka kuye ngeminyaka noma isisindo ngoba linquma ukuthi lungakanani uketshezi oludingwa umzimba ukuze usebenze kahle. Izingane ezincane ngokwemvelo zidinga uketshezi oluncane, kuyilapho abadala bedinga okwengeziwe ngenxa yobukhulu bazo.

Nansi imithamo enconyiwe ngokuya ngesisindo noma ubudala, njengoba kwelulekwa yiSibhedlela Sezingane Sikazwelonke:

• 7-10 amakhilogremu: Okungenani ama-ounces amabili (okulingana nezipuni ezingu-4 noma 1/4 indebe) ngehora
• 11-15 amakhilogremu: Okungenani ama-ounces angu-2 1/2 (okulingana nezipuni ezingu-5) ngehora
• 16-20 amakhilogremu: Okungenani ama-ounces angu-3 1/2 (okulingana ne-1/2 indebe) ngehora
• 21-40 amakhilogremu: Okungenani ama-ounces angu-6 1/2 (okulingana ne-3/4 indebe) ngehora
• 41-60 amakhilogremu: Okungenani ama-ounces angu-10 (okulingana nezinkomishi ezingu-1 1/4) ngehora
• Iminyaka engu-10 noma ngaphezulu: Kufika kuma-ounces angu-68 (okulingana nezinkomishi ezingu-8 1/2) ngosuku

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni

Ngaphezu kwesisombululo sokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni (ORS), ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungalawulwa ngokuphuza:

• Water
• Itiye
• Iziphuzo zezemidlalo
• Sula umhluzi
• Amajusi ahlanjululwe

Uma uphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kakhulu, ukufakwa kabusha kwe-intravenous kuyadingeka ukuze ubuyisele uketshezi olulahlekile ngokushesha ezimeni eziphuthumayo.

Ukulungiselela Ekhaya

Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, umuntu angalungiselela i-ORS ekhaya ngale ndlela elandelayo,

• 1-litre amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile abilisiwe futhi apholile izinkomishi ezi-5 (1 inkomishi -200 ml)
•  Izipuni eziyisi-6 zikashukela
• ½ isipuni sikasawoti

Hlanganisa ushukela nosawoti emanzini kuze kuncibilike ngokuphelele. Manje lesi sixazululo singasetshenziswa njenge-ORS.

Isilinganiso esinzima sokushintshwa kwezingane ezindala kanye nabantu abadala isisindo sika-kg X 75 ml emahoreni amane okuqala. Abantu abadala abanempilo bangakwazi ukubuyisela amanzi emanzini okuphuza, isobho elihlanzekile, ujusi, iziphuzo zezemidlalo kanye netiye.

Izwi lokuqapha

I-ORS kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha uma umuntu,

• Unenkinga yezinso
• Unesifo sikashukela
• Unesifo senhliziyo
• Iyathatha isifo senhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi imithi.

Ubani okufanele agweme i-ORS?

I-ORS kufanele igwenywe:

• Abahlanza kakhulu.
• Labo abanesifo sohudo esinzima esingathuthuki nge-ORS.
• Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha ezifana nesifo sezinso esibi kakhulu noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo eqinile.
• Noma ubani ongakwazi ukubekezelela izithako ku-ORS ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile noma ukungezwani komzimba.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1) Singakwazi yini ukuphuza i-ORS nsuku zonke?

Ukuphuza i-ORS nsuku zonke ngokuvamile akudingekile ngaphandle kwalapho unesimo sezempilo esibangela izifo ezingamahlalakhona kwamanzi emzimbeni. Ukuze kufakwe amanzi kwansuku zonke, ukuphuza amanzi okuvamile kuvame ukwanele.

2) Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-ORS ngenxa yobuthakathaka?

Yebo, i-ORS ingasiza ekwehliseni ubuthakathaka obubangelwa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte ngokugcwalisa uketshezi nama-electrolyte alahlekile.

3) Kungani ukuthatha i-ORS kungcono kunamanzi?

I-ORS ingcono kunamanzi okubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yokuthi inengxube kasawoti noshukela olinganiselayo esiza umzimba ukumunca uketshezi ngokuphumelelayo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sohudo noma ukuhlanza.

4) Ingabe i-ORS inemiphumela engemihle?

I-ORS ngokuvamile iphephile, kodwa ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungaholela ekungalinganini kwama-electrolyte, okubangela izinkinga ezifana ne-hypernatremia (amazinga aphezulu e-sodium). Njalo landela umthamo onconywayo.

5) Ingabe i-ORS inciphisa ukushisa komzimba?

I-ORS ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukushisa komzimba ngokungaqondile ngokuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, okungabangela ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba.

6) Ingabe ikhambi lokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni lizilungele izinso?

Yebo, i-ORS ingaba yinhle ezinso njengoba isiza ekugcineni uketshezi nokulinganisela kwe-electrolyte, okubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezinso. Nokho, thintana nodokotela uma unenkinga yezinso ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-ORS njalo.

7) Ngingakwazi yini ukuphuza i-ORS esiswini esingenalutho?

Yebo, ungaphuza i-ORS ungenalutho isisu. Yenzelwe ukuba mnene esiswini futhi isiza ukubuyisela ngokushesha ibhalansi ye-hydration kanye ne-electrolyte.

8) Ingabe i-ORS iyawanyusa amazinga kashukela?

I-ORS iqukethe i-glucose, engakhuphula amazinga kashukela kancane. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufanele baqaphe amazinga kashukela egazini futhi babonane nodokotela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-ORS.

9) Lapho ungasebenzisi i-ORS?

Ungayisebenzisi i-ORS uma unokungezwani nezithako zayo, ungakwazi ukugcina uketshezi luphansi, unesifo sezinso ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha, noma uma uyalwe ngenye indlela uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.