Ukwelashwa kwe-bronchoscopy yokungenelela yomdlavuza wamaphaphu

I-Bronchoscopy isetshenziswa iminyango ye-pulmonology ekwelapheni izifo ezithuthukisiwe zamaphaphu. Kubuye kube yingxenye yokwelashwa kwamaphaphu okungenelela okusetshenziswa ongoti abaphezulu be-oncologist emhlabeni jikelele. Le ndlela yokwelapha iwusizo ekwelapheni umdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Iyini i-Interventional Bronchoscopy?

I-Interventional Bronchoscopy iyinqubo esebenzisa amasu ahlasela kancane ngokufaka ikhamera ukuze ibheke ngaphakathi kwemigudu yokuphefumula yokuphefumula ukuze ifinyelele futhi ihlole amaphaphu. Iwusizo emiphumeleni yokuxilonga kanye neyokwelapha. 

I-bronchoscope ifakwa emlonyeni noma ekhaleni lesiguli, bese idluliswa ngemigudu yokuphefumula ukuze ifinyelele emaphashini. Ineshubhu eguquguqukayo nencane enekhamera yevidiyo nokukhanya. Noma yiziphi izindawo ezingavamile ezitholwe nge-X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan zingaqhubeka ziphenywa ngosizo lwe-bronchoscopy. I-biopsy yenziwa ukuze kwaziwe ukuthi ukhona yini umdlavuza. Isampula iqoqwa ngale nqubo futhi ithunyelwe elebhu. 

Kungani I-Interventional Bronchoscopy Isetshenziselwa Ukwelapha Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu?

I-bronchoscopy yokungenelela isithandwa kakhulu ekwelapheni umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngenxa yalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

• Iwusizo ekulawuleni ukuvinjelwa komzila womoya omaphakathi kanye nasekuxilongweni nasekulashweni kwamaqhuqhuva asemgwaqweni wamaphaphu. 
• Kuyinqubo ethembekile yakho kokubili umdlavuza wamaphaphu wangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nosezingeni eliphezulu. 
• Ukwenziwa kwasendaweni ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwamaqhuqhuva e-peripheral pulmonary kwenzeka ngenxa yale bronchoscopy yokungenelela. 
• Ingakhulula i-dyspnea.
• Yandisa isikhathi sokuphila uma isetshenziswa kanye ne-chemotherapy kanye ne-radiotherapy. 
• I-bronchoscopy eqinile ingenza ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zokungenelela. Ikhipha izimila futhi iphinde imise ukopha. Ukubekwa kwama-stents, ukukhishwa kanye nokunwetshwa kwebhola kungenziwa ngalokhu. 

Le nqubo iwusizo uma isetshenziswa nge-electrocoagulation kanye ne-argon plasma coagulation.

Amacala omdlavuza wamaphaphu ayakhula, futhi sekuya ngokungenakugwemeka ukwelapha ukuvinjwa kwendlela yokuphefumula okubi ngokusebenzisa amasu afana ne-bronchoscopy yokungenelela. Inombolo ethile yeziguli nayo ibhekana nokuvinjwa kwendlela yomoya futhi idinga ukukhishwa komzimba wangaphandle. Kubo futhi, lokhu kwelashwa kutholakala kuwusizo.

Inqubo ye-Interventional Bronchoscopy yenziwa kanjani?

Inqubo ye-bronchoscopy yokungenelela ngokuvamile ihilela izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukulungiselela: Isiguli silungisiwe, futhi isibulali-zinzwa singase sinikezwe ukuze kuthumbe umphimbo noma kusithulise, kuye ngobunkimbinkimbi benqubo.
2. Ukufakwa kwe-Bronchoscope: Ishubhu elincanyana elithambile elinekhamera (i-bronchoscope) lifakwa emlonyeni noma ekhaleni nasemizileni yomoya.
3. Ukubona ngamehlo: Ikhamera inikeza izithombe zesikhathi sangempela zemigudu yomoya, isiza udokotela ukuthi athole okungavamile, okufana nezimila noma ukuvaleka.
4. I-Biopsy noma Ukwelashwa: Uma kutholakala isimila noma okungavamile, udokotela angathatha isampula yethishu (i-biopsy) noma enze ukwelapha okufana nokukhipha isimila, ukwelashwa nge-laser, noma ukubekwa kwe-stent.
5. Lokubuyisela: Ngemva kwenqubo, isiguli sibhekwa njengoba silulama emiphumeleni ye-anesthesia noma i-sedation.
6. Landelela: Amasampula aqoqiwe athunyelwa ukuze ahlaziywe, futhi isiguli singase sidinge ukwelashwa okwengeziwe okusekelwe ekuxilongweni.

Imininingwane ethile yenqubo ingahluka kuye ngokuthi isimo sesiguli kanye nenjongo ye-bronchoscopy yokungenelela. Kuyindlela ehlasela kancane esetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuxilonga nokwelapha ezimeni ezihlobene nezindlela zomoya zamaphaphu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-bronchoscopy yokungenelela

Kunezigaba ezahlukene lapho ukwelashwa kwe-Interventional Bronchoscopy lokhu kwelashwa kuhlukaniswa khona. 

• Ngaphambi: I-Pulmonologist Engcono Kakhulu e-Hyderabad izoxoxa ngezidakamizwa osuvele uzithatha. Imithi yokwehlisa igazi kufanele iyekwe ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu kuhlolwa. Ngeke uvunyelwe ukuthi udle noma uphuze amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kwakho. 
• Ngesikhathi: Kuyinqubo yokulaliswa ngaphandle, futhi asikho isidingo sokuthi ungeniswe ukuze wenze lokhu kuhlolwa. Kumele ulale etafuleni uphakamise ikhanda kancane. I-anesthesia inikezwa ukuze iqede indawo yomphimbo (isiguli silala kuphela lapho kusetshenziswa i-anesthesia evamile). Inqubo ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engu-30 noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngesimo ngasinye. 
• Ngemuva kwalokho: Uma sekwenziwe ukuhlolwa, isimo sakho sizobhekwa, ikakhulukazi uma unikezwe umuthi wokulalisa. Ukuba ndikindiki kufanele kuphele ngaphambi kokuthi udle noma uphuze. Udokotela uzokunikeza imiyalelo embalwa ebalulekile okudingeka ilandelwe ngemva kwenqubo.

Izinkinga Ezingenzeka ze-Interventional Bronchoscopy

Nakuba ingozi ehlotshaniswa ne-bronchoscopy yokungenelela ingekho kakhulu, asekhona amathuba okuthi kungase kube nezinkinga ezithile ngokulandela le nqubo, njenge:

• Ingxenye yephaphu ingase igoqe.
• Kungase kube nokopha emigudwini yomoya.
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu/Inyumoniya

I-X-ray ingasiza ekutholeni izinkinga ezibangelwa i-bronchoscopy yokungenelela. Izimpawu ezingahlali zodwa kuphela ezingadinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo njengomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela ngegazi, ukuphefumula kanzima, nobuhlungu besifuba. 

Isiphetho

Ziningi izindlela zokwelapha kanye nemithi etholakalayo yokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu. I-bronchoscopy yokungenelela ingenye yezindlela ezihamba phambili zokuhlinzeka ngokuxilongwa nokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ohlinzekwa emtholampilo Isibhedlela esingcono kakhulu se-Pulmonology eHyderabad. Kuwusizo ngezindlela eziningi ezinkingeni ezihambisana ne-thoracic malignancy nezinye izinkinga.