Ukuqonda Umdlavuza Wezinso: Izimpawu, Izinto Eziyingozi, Ukuxilongwa, Nokwelashwa

Umdlavuza wezinso, owaziwa nangokuthi umdlavuza wezinso noma obizwa nangokuthi i-renal adenocarcinoma, noma i-hypernephroma, uhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala ukukhula ezinso lapho amangqamuzana ezinso ehlasela futhi enomdlavuza. Ungumdlavuza we-10 ovame kakhulu emhlabeni futhi uma utholakala kusenesikhathi futhi ungadluleli kwezinye izitho zomzimba, ungelapheka ngokwelashwa okufanele. 

Ngokusho kukaDokotela Vipin Goel, umdlavuza wezinso ungelapheka uma utholakala usaqala. Izimpawu zomdlavuza wezinso zingase zingagqami ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza wezinso kodwa i-renal cell carcinoma iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala. 

Qhubeka ufunde ukuze wazi izimpawu, ukuxilonga, ukwelashwa, kanye namathiphu okuvimbela umdlavuza wezinso noma wezinso. 

Izici eziyingozi zomdlavuza wezinso:

Kunezici ezimbalwa eziyingozi ezingandisa amathuba akho okuthola umdlavuza wezinso. Ngezansi ezinye zezinto ezivame kakhulu eziyingozi zomdlavuza wezinso:

• Umlando womndeni womdlavuza wezinso
• Ukukhuluphala
• Ukubhema
• Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali anobuthi noma izinto ezifana ne-trichlorethylene
• Ubulili (kuvame kakhulu emadodeni kunabesifazane)
• Izifo zezinso ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nokusetshenziswa kwe-dialysis 
• Ubuhlanga (Abase-Afrika baseMelika bathambekele kakhulu kumdlavuza wezinso)

Uvame kangakanani umdlavuza wezinso futhi lingakanani izinga lokusinda komdlavuza wezinso?

Umdlavuza wezinso kuvame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-40. Nokho, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwezibalo, izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu zitholakala lapho umdlavuza wakheka ezinso kuphela futhi ungasabalele kwezinye izitho. Lezi ziguli, ezisheshe zitholakale, zinezinga lokusinda lika-93%. Kodwa-ke, Uma umdlavuza wezinso uye wasakazekela ezicutshini eziseduze noma ezithweni kanye/noma kuma-lymph node wesifunda, izinga lokusinda liba ngama-71%.

Izimpawu Zomdlavuza Wezinso 

Nakuba umuntu onomdlavuza ezinsweni engase angabonisi izimpawu ezivelele ekuqaleni, nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wezinso:

• Igazi emcimbini
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu 
• Ukwehla kwesisindo kungazelelwe 
• Ukulahlekelwa ukudla/ubuhlungu obuvamile esiswini nasezindaweni ezixhumene. 
• Ukukhathala / ukukhathala 
• I-anemia 
• Sekukonke angizizwa kahle 
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba obungachazeki 
• Umkhuhlane ongabangelwa ukutheleleka futhi awupheli. 

Uma ubulokhu ubheka lezi zimpawu ezibalulwe ngenhla zomdlavuza wezinso noma wazi othile obenalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uxilongwe ukuze umdlavuza (uma ukhona) utholakale kusenesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa kuqale ngokushesha ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu futhi ululame ngokushesha nangempumelelo. 

Sifo

Nazi ezinye izifo ezivame kakhulu zokuxilonga Umdlavuza Wezinso.

• Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela benza izivivinyo ezifana ne-MRI ne-CT scans ukuze bathole umdlavuza wezinso ezigulini. 

• Kwezinye izimo, bangase benze i-biopsy ukuze baqonde kabanzi ngesimila ukuze bakwazi ukunikeza izincomo zokwelashwa ezifanele. 

• Udokotela angase ahlole umchamo negazi ukuze abone ukuthi izinso zisebenza kahle yini futhi ahlole ukuthi alikho yini igazi emchameni. 

Ukwelapha Umdlavuza Wezinso

Ngemva kokuxilongwa, umdlavuza wezinso welashwa ngalezi zindlela:

• Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe - Kulokhu kwelashwa, ukungahambi kahle okuthile kwamaseli kuqondiswe ukuze kuvinjwe futhi kubulawe amangqamuzana anomdlavuza. Imithi ethile ihlolwa ngodokotela ukuze babone ukuthi iyiphi esebenza kangcono bese isetshenziswa ekwelashweni okwengeziwe. 

• Ukuhlinzwa - Odokotela abahlinzayo bazama ukususa isigaxa somdlavuza ngokulandela ukuhlinzwa okudingekayo. Nokho, bayazama ukususa umdlavuza omningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngosizo lokuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kungaba kwezinhlobo ezimbili, okuyi-Nephrectomy (izinso ezithintekile ziyasuswa) kanye ne-Partial Nephrectomy (kukhishwe isimila).

• I-Immunotherapy - Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa ukuphazamisa ukusebenza okungavamile kwamasosha omzimba, lapho engalwi nomdlavuza wezinso. Odokotela bazama ukusebenzisa amasosha omzimba ukuze akwazi ukulwa namangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi abhubhise umdlavuza.

• Ezimweni ezingavamile nezibucayi yelashwa nge-chemotherapy kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe. Ekwelapheni ngemisebe, imishayo enamandla amakhulu yama-X ray isetshenziselwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. 

Isiphetho

Uma kuziwa empilweni yakho, kufanele uhlale ubheka izimpawu noma izimpawu zanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo esibi, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza. Kungaba umdlavuza wezinso noma umdlavuza wamaphaphu, uma usheshe watholakala, amathuba okusinda ayanda futhi isiguli singathola ukwelashwa okufanele ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze silulame. UDkt Vipin Goel uphinde agcizelele ngalesi sihloko ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuholela ekwelapheni okungamaphesenti angama-95 kuye kwangama-99. Hlangana nodokotela wakwa Isibhedlela esingcono kakhulu somdlavuza wezinso eHyderabad uma unezimpawu eziyisixwayiso zomdlavuza.