Ukungaqini Kwamalungu Edolo: Izimbangela, Izimpawu, Ukuxilongwa, Izingozi, Ukwelashwa Nokubuyiselwa

Ukungaqini kwedolo yisimo lapho izicubu zamadolo ziphuma khona ekuhlanganyeleni kwamadolo, okungenzeka noma kungahambisani nobuhlungu. Lokhu kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokulimala kodwa kungase futhi kubangelwe ngenxa ye-osteoarthritis kanye nokuphuka noma ukuhlukana kwedolo elihlangene. Lokhu kungelashwa kusetshenziswa ukwelapha ngokomzimba kodwa kungadinga ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa uma ukulimala kunzima.

Kuyini Ukungaqini Kwedolo?

Ukungaqini kwedolo yisimo esihambisana nomuzwa wokuthi amadolo ayaxega. Kwenzeka ngokuvamile ngenxa yokulimala kwemigqa ehlanganisa idolo elihlangene nethambo eliphezulu lethanga (i-femur), kodwa kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yezinye izimbangela eziningi. Izimpawu zokungazinzi zingase zizwakale lapho ukusonteka noma ukunyakaza okuhlangene kwenziwa ngedolo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngisho nalapho uzama ukwenza imisebenzi evamile evamile. Kujwayelekile futhi ukuthi abantu bathole ukuxega kwamadolo ngenxa yobuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Ukungaqini kwedolo kungase kuthinte idolo elilodwa noma womabili anethuba elikhulu lokuphindaphinda uma kungelashwa

Izimpawu Zokungaqini Kwedolo

Izimpawu ezihlukene zokungaqini kwedolo zingabandakanya lokhu okulandelayo:

• Umsindo omkhulu we-snap noma we-pop ngesikhathi sokulimala
• Ubuhlungu obungazelelwe futhi obunzima edolweni elithintekile
• Ukuvuvuka
• Ukuzwa idolo lixega
• Ukungakwazi ukuphatha isisindo emadolweni athintekile

Yini Edala Ukungaqini Kwedolo?

Ukungaqini kwedolo kwenzeka lapho izicubu ezixhumeneyo (imisipha, imigqa, nemisipha) ye-femur engenhla (ithambo lethanga) elihamba phezu kwekhanda lamadolo lingazinzi. Lokhu kuholela ekutheni i-kneecap ihambe ngaphandle kokudonsa kwemisipha. Ezinye zezimbangela ezivamile zokungaqini kwamadolo yilezi:

• Ukulimala kwe-patella (ithambo ledolo)
• Ukutheleleka endaweni ehlangene yamadolo
• Isifo Sokuqaqamba Kwamalunga 
• Ukuphuka kwedolo 
• Ukukhishwa kwe-Kneecap 
• I-Meniscus izinyembezi (ukulimala ku-kneecap cartilage)
• Imigqa exegayo noma amalunga aguquguqukayo
• Ukulimala kwemigqa emadolweni - I-Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL), noma i-Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
• Ukulimala kwe-Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL).

Ubani osengozini yokungaqini kwedolo?

Abanye abantu bangase bathambekele kakhulu ekubhekaneni nokuntengantenga kwamadolo.  

• Abasubathi abasebasha
• Abadansi
• Abesifazane
• Abantu abadala
• Abantu abakhuluphele 
• Abantu abathintekayo emsebenzini womzimba
• Ukuba nomlando wokulimala kwedolo kwangaphambili

Ukuhlola Ukungaqini Kwedolo

Ukuze uhlole ukungazinzi kwamadolo, umhlinzeki wezempilo noma uchwepheshe wamathambo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi ahlole izimpawu nomlando wezokwelapha wesiguli. Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kwamadolo kungase kusize ukuveza noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka noma izinkinga ngokunyakaza. Uchwepheshe angase futhi enze izivivinyo ezimbalwa zomzimba, njengokuguqa idolo lapho ulele futhi uzungeza umlenze / idolo ukuze uthole izimpawu zokukhala kwe-ligament noma ukulimala. 

Ukuhlolwa kwesithombe kungase kudingeke futhi ukuze kutholwe uhlobo nobukhulu bokulimala. Ama-X-ray kanye ne-MRI noma i-CT scan kungase kudingeke ukuba kwenziwe. I-arthroscopy ingase idinge ukwenziwa ngezinhlobo ezithile zokulimala. Inqubo ye-arthroscopy ihilela ukusebenzisa i-arthroscope, okuyishubhu elincane eligobekayo elinokukhanya ekhanda layo elisiza ukuzulazula esikhaleni esisejoyini ukuze lihlole izicubu ezixhumeneyo nemisipha. 

Ukwelapha Ukungaqini Kwedolo

Ukwelashwa kokungaqini kwamadolo kuncike emvelweni kanye nezinga lokuntengantenga. 

• Ukungaqini kwamadolo okuncane noma ngaphandle kobuhlungu kungase kuphathwe ngokwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunyakaza namandla emadolweni, ikakhulukazi emisipha ezungeze idolo. Uma kukhona ubuhlungu emadolweni ngenxa yokungazinzi, amakhambi asekhaya angasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala kokuqala nobuhlungu ngokusebenzisa amaphakethe eqhwa nokuthatha imithi yobuhlungu. Imijovo ye-Steroid knee ingasiza futhi ekudambiseni ubuhlungu bamadolo. Kodwa-ke, kuhlale kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nodokotela ngaphambi kokuthola noma yimuphi umjovo.
• Ngokugudluka kwedolo kancane, ukungakwazi ukuhamba kungasiza ekwelapheni isifunda se-patellar. Izinsimbi zamadolo zinganikezwa ukuze kuvinjwe idolo futhi kugcinwe i-kneecap ibekwe endaweni yayo. Iziguli zingase zidinge ukugqoka izinsimbi zokuqondisa izinyawo ezihlanganiswe nensimbi amasonto ambalwa futhi zingadinga intonga yokuzisiza ukuba zihambe. Ukwengeza, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kanye nemithi edambisa izinhlungu kungase kunconywe.
• Uma ubuhlungu bamadolo noma ukulimala kunzima, noma kunokungazinzi kwamadolo okungapheli, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke ukulungisa noma ukwakha kabusha imigqa eyonakele noma ephukile. Ukuhlinza okusizwa nge-arthroscopy kuyindlela evame kakhulu yokuhlinzwa kwedolo okudinga ukwenza izimbotshana ezincane ukuze kudluliswe i-arthroscope nezinsimbi zokuhlinza ejoyintini lamadolo ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa. 

Lokubuyisela

Ukululama ekwelashweni kokuhlinzwa kudinga cishe izinyanga eziyisi-6 kuye kweziyi-12, kuye ngezinga lokuhlinzwa. Ukuvuselelwa ngokomzimba kungase kudingeke phakathi nesigaba sokululama ukusiza ekwelapheni okusheshayo nokuvimbela noma yiziphi izinkinga

Kufanele ubone nini udokotela ngenxa yokungaqini kwedolo?

Kungcono ukuthi uhlolwe nguchwepheshe wamathambo uma ukungazinzi kwamadolo kuphazamisa imisebenzi yokuphila kwansuku zonke futhi kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu. Umugqa wokuqala wokwelashwa ungase uhilele izindlela ezingezona zokuhlinzwa kanye nokungakwazi ukuhamba kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuze kuncishiswe ubuhlungu nokuqinisa imisipha, imigqa, nama-tendon. Uma kwenzeka ukulimala kanzima, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungase kufunwe

Isiphetho

Lapho idolo ngokuzumayo lizwa sengathi linikeza, kungase kube uphawu lokulimala kwe-ligament okuholela ekungaqini kwamadolo. Ukungaqini kwedolo kungase kubangelwe ezinye izimo eziningi ezingabandakanyi ukulimala. Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni nobukhulu bokungazinzi kwamadolo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukungazinzi kobuhlungu bamadolo kungase kuzipholise ngokwalo kuyilapho ezinye izimbangela zokungaqini kwamadolo zingadinga ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa. Kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha lapho uzwa izimpawu ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.