Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Esijwayelekile: Ibanga, Lapho Kuyingozi, Nokuningi

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo, inani lezikhathi inhliziyo eshaya ngalo ngomzuzu, kuwuphawu olubalulekile olubonisa ukusebenza kahle kwenhliziyo. Njengoba imisebenzi yethu ishintsha phakathi nosuku, kanjalo nenhliziyo yethu ishaya ngamandla, ekhuphuka futhi ehle ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zethu zokushintsha umoya-mpilo. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yomuntu kungase kuhluke “kokuvamile” kubo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphumule kakhulu ngokungavamile noma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphansi kakhulu kungase kubonise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo noma esinye isifo esihlobene nayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukushaya kwenhliziyo "okuvamile" kubalulekile ekuhloleni impilo yonke.

Lithini Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Yakho?

Ingqikithi yenani lezikhathi lapho inhliziyo ishaya ngomzuzu yaziwa ngokuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. Kuyinkomba eyisisekelo yempilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi futhi ingathintwa izici ezihlukahlukene ezifana nomsebenzi, imizwa, kanye nesimo sezempilo sisonke. Umzimba wethu ulawula ngokuzenzakalelayo ukushaya kwenhliziyo yethu ukuze kuhambisane nezenzo zethu kanye nezisusa zangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, liyakhula lapho sikhungathekile, sisaba, noma sijabule futhi siyehlisa ijubane lapho siphumule, sikhululekile, noma silele.

Ingabe Ukhona Umehluko Phakathi Kwezinga Lokushaya Kwenhliziyo Yakho Nokushaya Kwenhliziyo Yakho?

Amagama athi "isilinganiso senhliziyo" kanye "nokushaya kwenhliziyo" avame ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana, kodwa ahluka kancane. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kubhekisela enanini lezikhathi inhliziyo efinyela ngayo, kuyilapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuwumuzwa oshaya ngamandla ozwakala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene emzimbeni lapho inhliziyo ishaya. Uxhaxha lwemithambo yomzimba luyampintshana, futhi igazi liyahamba phakathi nokushaya kwenhliziyo ngakunye. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo ukukhuphuka okungavamile komfutho wegazi okubangelwa inhliziyo iphampa igazi elengeziwe ukuze igcine ukujikeleza kwegazi.  

Lithini Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Ephumula Esivamile?

Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphumule elivamile izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lapho umzimba uphumule ngokuphelele, ngokuvamile kukalwa lapho umuntu ezolile, ehlezi, futhi engakaze enze umsebenzi womzimba isikhathi eside.

• Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Ephumula Esivamile Kubantu Abadala: Kubantu abadala abaningi, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphumule liwela phakathi kwamabhithi angama-60 kuye kwayi-100 ngomzuzu. Kodwa-ke, abasubathi abaqeqeshwe kahle bangase babe nezinga lenhliziyo yokuphumula elingaphansi kwe-60, okuwuphawu lokuqina kwabo kwenhliziyo.
• Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elijwayelekile lezingane: Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yezingane liyahlukahluka kakhulu, kodwa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elivamile lezingane ngokuvamile lisukela phakathi kwamabhithi angu-70 kuya kwangu-100 ngomzuzu. Lapho izingane zikhula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yazo ephumule kuyehla. Okulandelayo yizigaba ezijwayelekile zokushaya kwenhliziyo yokuphumula:
  • Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezintathu ubudala: 100-150 beats ngomzuzu
  • Izingane ezineminyaka engu-1-3: 70-110 beats ngomzuzu
  • Eminyakeni eyishumi nambili: 55-85 beats ngomzuzu

Izinto Ezingathinta Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Yokuphumula

Izinto eziningi zingathonya izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ephumule, esizibhale ngezansi.

• Ileveli yokufaneleka: Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ephumule ngokuvamile liyehla ngomsebenzi ojwayelekile.
• Umsebenzi womzimba: Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yomuntu kuzokhuphuka ngemva kwesikhathi sokunyakaza okukhulu.
• Ubudala: Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ephumula livame ukwehla njengoba ukhula.
• Ubulili: Abesifazane bavame ukushaya kwenhliziyo okukhulu kunamadoda.
• Imithi: Imithi ethile ingathinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Imizwelo: Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yomuntu kuyenyuka lapho eba nengcindezi noma injabulo eyeqile.
• Usayizi womzimba: Abantu abakhulu bangase babe nezinga lenhliziyo eliphansi.
• Ukushisa: Amazinga okushisa aphezulu noma aphansi angaba nomthelela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo.
• Isikhathi sosuku: Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngokuvamile lehla ebusuku.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto: Ukubhema, i-caffeine, notshwala yizibonelo ezimbalwa zezinto ezingekho emthethweni ezingase ziguqule ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

Ungasigcina Kanjani Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Esivamile?

Ukugcina ukushaya kwenhliziyo okunempilo kubalulekile empilweni yenhliziyo.
Ngaphandle kokuzivocavoca, kunezinye izindlela ezahlukahlukene abantu abangazithatha ukuvikela impilo yabo yenhliziyo:

• Ukulawula ingcindezi: Ukucindezeleka kungenza inhliziyo yakho ishaye ngokushesha futhi kunyuse umfutho wegazi. Amasu okuphumula afana nokuphefumula okujulile, i-yoga, nokuzindla kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka.
• Ukugwema ukubhema: Ukubhema kwenyusa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, kodwa ukuyeka kungakubuyisela ezingeni elinempilo.
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo: Ukuthwala okwengeziwe isisindo kwenza inhliziyo yakho isebenze kanzima ukuze inikeze umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba emzimbeni wakho.

Liyini Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Esikhulu?

Ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yobudala, umuntu angase abale isilinganiso sabo esiphezulu senhliziyo. Izinga eliphezulu lokushaya kwenhliziyo lilinganiselwa ngokususa iminyaka yobudala kusukela kokungu-220. Nokho, isilinganiso esinzima futhi singahluka ngakunye. Isibonelo, kumuntu oneminyaka engu-50 ubudala, isilinganiso esiphezulu senhliziyo esibikezelwe esihlobene neminyaka singaba iminyaka engu-220 - 50 = amabhithi angu-170 ngomzuzu (bpm).

Kunini Isimo Esiphuthumayo?

Kubalulekile ukuthi othile athole usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo uma enobuhlungu obukhulu besifuba, equleka, enesiyezi, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile nokungabikezeleki ngendlela emangalisayo.

Ungasihlola Kanjani Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Yakho?

Esebenzisa nje iminwe, umuntu angase ahlole kalula ukushaya kwenhliziyo eceleni kwentamo noma esihlakaleni. Beka inkomba yesandla esisodwa neminwe ephakathi ngaphansi kancane kwesisekelo sesithupha esihlakaleni somunye bese ucindezela kancane. Noma, phushela phansi kancane ohlangothini lwentamo, ngezansi kancane kwe-mandible. Bala amabhithi imizuzwana engama-60, noma ungabala imizuzwana eyi-15 bese uphindaphindeka ngo-4 ukuze uthole amabhithi ngomzuzu.

Kungaba ngcono ukuphinda izikhathi ezimbalwa futhi usebenzise isilinganiso sezinombolo ezintathu ukuze uthole ukufundwa okunembe kakhulu. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthatha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ephumule, ngakho-ke yenza lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ungalokothi uthathe ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngokufunda ihora elilodwa kuya kwamabili ngemva kokusebenza ngokomzimba noma isimo esicindezelayo. Ngemuva kokuzivocavoca okunzima ngokomzimba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungase kuhlale kukhuphukile.
• Linda ihora ngemva kokuphuza ikhofi njengoba lingakhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi lidale ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Njengoba ukuhlala isikhathi eside noma ukuma kungase kushintshe ukushaya kwenhliziyo, gwema ukufunda ngemva kwemisebenzi enjalo.

Uyombona Nini Udokotela?

Uma ubona izinguquko ezingavamile eziqhubekayo ekushayeni kwenhliziyo yakho noma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, isiyezi, noma ukuquleka, kuhle ukuthi uvakashele futhi uthintane nochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze aphinde ahlolwe.

Isiphetho

Ukuqonda ukushaya kwenhliziyo nokubona ukuthi yini evamile kubalulekile ukuze ugcine inhliziyo inempilo enhle futhi uhlale uphephile. Nakuba ububanzi obujwayelekile bukhona bokushaya kwenhliziyo "okuvamile", ukuhluka ngakunye kuvamile. Umuntu kufanele alawule ukucindezeleka, agcine isisindo esinempilo, avivinye umzimba njalo, alandele ukudla okunomsoco, futhi agweme noma ayeke ukubhema ukuze alondoloze ukushaya kwenhliziyo okunempilo futhi alondoloze inhliziyo. 

Khumbula ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yethu kuyinkomba yempilo yethu yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi hhayi nje izibalo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1.Ingabe ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungabikezela ubulili bomntwana?

Impendulo:Kunenkolelo edumile yokuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yengane kungabikezela ubulili bomntwana, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphakeme liphakamisa intombazane kanye nezinga lenhliziyo eliphansi eliphakamisa umfana. Nokho, ubufakazi besayensi abuwusekeli lo mbono. Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yengane liyahlukahluka kakhulu futhi kuthonywa izici ezihlukahlukene, kodwa abubonisi ngokuthembekile ubulili bomntwana.

2. Ingabe ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuzonyuka ngemva kokudla?

Impendulo: Yebo, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lingakhuphuka kancane ngemva kokudla. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi i-postprandial tachycardia, impendulo evamile yomzimba kuyo ukugaya. Ngemva kokudla, ukugeleza kwegazi kushintshela ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla, okubangela ukwanda kwesikhashana kwesilinganiso senhliziyo ukuze kusize ekugayekeni nasekumunceni izakhi.

3. Ingabe ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuzonyuka ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo?

Impendulo: Kwezinye izimo, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lingakhuphuka ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngenxa yokusabela komzimba ngokucindezeleka. Nokho, lesi akusona isibikezelo esingaguquki noma esithembekile se-a isifo senhliziyo. Ezinye izimpawu ezifana ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, futhi ukujuluka kuyinkomba yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okuzayo.

4. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kukalwa kanjani?

Impendulo: Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lingalinganiswa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene:

• Ukuhlola ukushaya kwenhliziyo: Ukuzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo esihlakaleni (i-radial artery) noma entanyeni (i-carotid artery) nokubala ukushaya ngomzuzu.
• Iziqapheli zokushaya kwenhliziyo: Amadivayisi agqokekayo asebenzisa izinzwa ukulandelela izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngokuqhubekayo.
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG noma i-EKG): Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okurekhoda ukusebenza kukagesi wenhliziyo ukunquma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nesigqi.

 4. Yikuphi ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuyingozi?

Impendulo: Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliyingozi eliphezulu noma eliphansi lincike ezintweni ezingazodwana, okuhlanganisa iminyaka yobudala, izinga lokufaneleka, kanye nempilo yonke. Ngokuvamile:

• Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ephumule njalo elingaphezu kwe-100 beats ngomzuzu (tachycardia) noma ngaphansi kwama-60 beats ngomzuzu (bradycardia) kungase kubhekwe njengokungavamile.
• Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphakeme kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuzivivinya noma ngenxa yezimo zenhliziyo ezingaphansi kungaba yingozi futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.
• I-Bradycardia ingathinta uma iholela ezimpawu ezifana isiyezi, ukuquleka, noma ubuhlungu besifuba. Kubalulekile ukuthintana nochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa komuntu siqu kanye nokulawulwa kwezinga lenhliziyo elingavamile.