Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Izimbangela, Izingozi Zezempilo kanye Nezinketho Zokwelashwa

Ukukhuluphala kuchazwa ngokuba namafutha amaningi emzimbeni. Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-18 nangaphezulu abane-BMI engaphezu kuka-32.5 babhekwa njengokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Kule bhulogi, sizofunda okwengeziwe ngezimbangela zokukhuluphala, izimpawu, nokwelashwa. Futhi, sizohamba ngemikhuba yansuku zonke yokuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukukhuluphala.

Kuyisifo sezokwelapha esingamahlalakhona esingaholela ezifweni ezifana

• Diabetes
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• izifo zenhliziyo ezihambisana nokukhuluphala njengesifo senhliziyo, i-gallstones
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuyisici esiyingozi kubantu abaningi

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kunezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokubuyela emuva. Iningi labantu ukuncipha emsimbeni ubuyise isisindo phakathi neminyaka emihlanu.

Ngisho noma imithi nokudla kungasiza, Ukwelashwa kokukhuluphala kuwukuzibophezela impilo yonke okuhlanganisa imikhuba yokudla enempilo, ukukhushulwa nokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo. Umuntu akakwazi ukuthembela ngokuphelele emithini nasekudleni futhi asebenzise "ukulungisa" kwesikhashana.

Umgomo wokwelashwa kufanele ugxile ekuzuzeni nasekugcineni "isisindo esinempilo" kunesisindo esifanele. izinzuzo ezibalulekile zezempilo ezifana nokwehla komfutho wegazi, izingozi zesifo sikashukela nesifo senhliziyo ezincishisiwe ziyabonakala ngisho nokuncipha kwesisindo okungama-5% -10% wesisindo sokuqala.

Ukukhuluphala nokukhuluphala ngokweqile

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile nokukhuluphala ngokuvamile kubhekisela esisindweni esikhulu kunalokho esinempilo ngobude bomuntu.

Nakuba amafutha omzimba edingeka ekugcineni amandla, ukuvikela ukushisa, ukumunca ukushaqeka, neminye imisebenzi. Kodwa ukweqisa okufanayo, kubangela isimo esingapheli sokukhuluphala

Inkomba yesisindo somzimba (BMI)

• Ipharamitha enokwethenjelwa kakhulu yokuchaza
• Kunqunywa ubude nesisindo somuntu. I-BMI ilingana nesisindo somuntu ngamakhilogremu (kg) ehlukaniswa ngobude bawo ngamamitha (m) ayisikwele.
• Njengoba i-BMI ichaza isisindo somzimba ngokuqhathaniswa nobude, kunokuhlobana okuqinile namafutha aphelele emzimbeni kubantu abadala:
  • Okuvamile: BMI ka-5-24.9
  • Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: BMI ka-25-29.9
  • Ukukhuluphala: BMI ngaphezu kuka-30
  • Umuntu okhuluphele ngokweqile: BMI> 32.5

Izimbangela Zokukhuluphala

Ukukhuluphala kubangelwa ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinto, okuhlanganisa ukudla, izakhi zofuzo, ukungasebenzi, namathonya emvelo. Nazi izimbangela zokukhuluphala ngokweqile.

• I-Genetics - Umuntu uvame ukukhuluphala kakhulu uma oyedwa noma bobabili abazali benjalo
  • Izakhi zofuzo nazo zinendima okufanele ziyidlale kumahomoni ahilelekile emafutheni
  • Ukuntuleka kwe-Leptin - I-Leptin iyihomoni ekhiqizwa kumaseli amafutha futhi ku-Leptin igomela ngokulawula ngokubonisa ubuchopho ukuthi budle kancane lapho izitolo zamafutha omzimba ziphezulu kakhulu. Uma, ngasizathu simbe, umzimba ungakwazi ukukhiqiza i-leptin eyanele noma i-leptin ayikwazi ukukhomba ubuchopho ukuthi budle kancane, lokhu kulawulwa kuyalahleka, futhi kwenzeka ukukhuluphala.
    • Abacwaningi basahlola indawo ye-Leptin njengendlela yokwelapha
    • Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungenzeka lapho ukungezwani kwe-leptin kwenzeka.
  • Ukungasebenzi komzimba - Abantu abahlezi bashisa ama-calories ambalwa kunabantu abakhuthele, ngakho-ke babonisa ukuhlobana okuqinile phakathi kokungawuvivinyi umzimba nokuzuza isisindo kubo bobabili ubulili.
  • Ukudla okunama-carbohydrate alula - Ngokudla kwama-carbohydrate, kuba khona ukwanda kwezinga likashukela wegazi okubuye likhuthaze ukukhululwa kwe-insulin ngamanyikwe, futhi i-insulin ikhuthaza ukukhula kwezicubu ezinamafutha futhi ingabangela isisindo.
    • Nakuba indima yama-carbohydrate ekuzuzeni isisindo ingacacile, kunenkolelo yokuthi ama-carbohydrate alula njengobhiya, iwayini njll anegalelo elikhulu kunama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi njengoba eyokuqala ine-insulin evelele kakhulu.
  • Ukudla ngokweqile kuholela ekuzuzeni isisindo, ikakhulukazi uma ukudla kunamafutha amaningi njengoba kunamandla amakhulu kakhulu
  • Imvamisa yokudla - Lena impikiswano kunalokho
    • Kunemibiko ethi abantu abadla ukudla okuncane okunemvamisa ephezulu bavame ukuba namazinga aphansi e-cholesterol kanye namazinga kashukela azinzile kuqhathaniswa nabantu abadla kakhulu ukudla okuphansi kakhulu.
    • Incazelo efanayo kungaba ukuthi ukudla okuncane okuvamile kukhiqiza amazinga e-insulin azinzile, kanti ukudla okukhulu kubangela ukukhuphuka okukhulu kwe-insulin ngemuva.

• Imithi ehambisana nokuzuza kwesisindo ihlanganisa
  • ukucindezeleka
  • Ama-anticonvulsants afana ne-carbamazepine ne-valproate
  • eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela
  • amahomoni afana nezivimbela-nzalo zomlomo
  • ama-corticosteroids anjalo
  • imithi yomfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Izici zengqondo - imizwa inethonya elinamandla imikhuba yokudla. Abantu abaningi bazitika ngokudla ngenxa yemizwa enjengesithukuthezi, ukudabuka, ukucindezeleka, noma
• Izifo: Izifo ezinjenge-hypothyroidism, ukumelana ne-insulin, i-Prader-Willi syndrome, i-PCOS, ne-Cushing's syndrome nazo zinomthelela omkhulu ekulweni.
• Izindaba zomphakathi: Kukhona ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwezindaba zomphakathi kanye
  • Ukuntuleka kwemali yokuthenga ukudla okunempilo noma ukuntuleka kwezindawo eziphephile zokuhamba noma ukuzivocavoca kungandisa ingozi

Izingozi zezempilo

Ukukhuluphala akukhona nje ukucabangela izimonyo; kwandisa nengozi yokuba nenani lezifo ezingamahlalakhona, okuhlanganisa nalezi ezilandelayo:

• I-insulin iyadingeka ukuze kuthuthelwe ushukela wegazi kumaseli emisipha namafutha.
  • Ngokuhambisa i-glucose kumaseli, i-insulin igcina amazinga eglucose esegazini esesimweni esijwayelekile
  • I-Insulin resistance (IR) yisimo lapho kuncipha khona ukusebenza kahle kwe-insulin ekuthutheni i-glucose kuma-Fat cells amelana ne-insulin kakhulu kunamaseli emisipha.
  • Amanyikwe aqale aphendule ekumelaneni ne-insulin ngokukhiqiza okwengeziwe Inqobo nje uma amanyikwe engakwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulin eyanele ukunqoba lokhu kungezwani, amazinga kashukela egazini ahlala ejwayelekile. Lapho ama-pancreas engasakwazi ukuhambisana nokukhiqiza amazinga aphezulu e-insulin, amazinga kashukela egazini aqala ukukhuphuka, okuholela ohlotsheni lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ngaleyo ndlela ukumelana ne-insulin kuyisimo sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela.
• Thayipha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 (esiqala abantu abadala)- Amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ayanda ngezinga kanye nesikhathi sokuphila.
  • Kuhlotshaniswa nokukhuluphala okuphakathi; umuntu okhuluphele kakhulu unamafutha amaningi okhalweni lwakhe
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu uvamile kubantu abadala abakhuluphele. Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukuzuza kwesisindo kuvame ukukhulisa umfutho wegazi kubantu besifazane kakhulu kunasekugcineni
• I-cholesterol ephakeme
• Stroke
• Inhliziyo Ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi ingozi yokuba nesifo se-coronary artery yanda izikhathi ezintathu kuya kwezine kwabesifazane ababene-BMI engaphezu kuka-29.
  • Ezigulini esezike zahlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukukhuluphala kuhlotshaniswa nokukhula kwamathuba enhliziyo yesibili
• Umdlavuza- Ukukhuluphala kuyingozi engozini yomdlavuza we-colon kwabesilisa nabesifazane, umdlavuza we-rectum kanye ne-prostate emadodeni, kanye nomdlavuza we-gallbladder kanye nesibeletho emadodeni.
  • Ukukhuluphala kungase kuhlotshaniswe nakho umdlavuza webele, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abangemva kokuya esikhathini. Izicubu zamafutha zibalulekile ekukhiqizeni i-estrogen, futhi ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni aphezulu e-estrogen kwandisa ingozi yebele.
• Ama-gallstones
• I-gout kanye ne-gouty arthritis
• I-Osteoarthritis Yamadolo, ama-hips, kanye nomhlane ongezansi
• I-apnea yokulala

Izinto

• Ubuzwe- Ubuhlanga bungase bube nomthelela eminyakeni yokuqala kanye nokushesha kwesisindo
• Isisindo sobuntwana- Kutholwe ukuxhumana okubalulekile phakathi komuntu isisindo ngesikhathi sobuntwana, iminyaka yobusha, kanye nokukhula kwabantu abadala kanye nokukhula kwabantu abadala
  • Ngakho-ke, ukwehlisa izinga lokukhuluphala kwezingane kungenye yezindawo okufanele kugxilwe kuzo ekulweni nokukhuluphala ngokweqile.
• Amahomoni - Abesifazane bavame ukukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezenzakalo ezithile ezifana nokukhulelwa, ukuya esikhathini, futhi kwezinye izimo, ngokusetshenziswa ngomlomo.

Kwelashwa kanjani ukukhuluphala

Ukwelashwa kokukhuluphala ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokudla, ukwanda kokuzivocavoca umzimba, izinguquko zokuziphatha, futhi, kwezinye izimo, ukungenelela kwezokwelapha noma ukuhlinzwa. 

• Uhlelo lokudla okunempilo kanye nokusebenza ngokomzimba okuvamile- Ukulandela uhlelo lokudla okunempilo olunama-calories ambalwa ngokuvamile kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuzama ukwelapha ukukhuluphala kanye
  • Kufanele kuhambisane nokuvivinya umzimba njalo. Ukuzivivinya kusiza ekusebenziseni Ukuvivinya umzimba Okuvamile nakho kusiza ekugcineni isisindo esinempilo.

• Izinguquko Ezijwayelekile- Ukushintsha imikhuba yakho yokudla neyomzimba nendlela yokuphila kunzima, kodwa ngohlelo, umzamo, ukusekela okuvamile, nokubekezela, ungase ukwazi ukwehlisa isisindo futhi uthuthukise impilo yakho.
  • Amathiphu alandelayo angase akusize ucabange ngezindlela zokunciphisa umzimba, ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo, futhi uthuthukise impilo yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
    • Izithiyo zivamile- Ngemva kokuhlehla, njengokudla ngokweqile. ukuhlanganisa kabusha nokugxila ekubuyeleni ohlelweni lokudla okunempilo
    • Zibekele imigomo- Ukuba nemigomo ethile kusiza umuntu ukuthi ahlale esendleleni. Kunokuba ube nengqondo, zibekele umgomo obambekayo
    • Funa ukusekelwa.-Usizo noma isikhuthazo esivela kumndeni, abangani, noma ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo kuthatha isikhathi eside Kungaba ngokusebenzisa i-virtual medium, efana nocingo, noma mathupha.
  • Izinhlelo zokulawula isisindo- Ngo a Uhlelo lokulawula isisindo, ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe bokulawula isisindo baklama uhlelo olubanzi nosizo ekulenzeni njengomuntu ngamunye
    • Izinhlelo zihlanganisa ukudla okunekhalori ephansi, ukuzivocavoca umzimba okwandisiwe, kanye nezindlela zokusiza ukujwayela
  • Imithi yokwehlisa isisindo- Uma ukudla okunempilo nokujwayela umzimba kunganele, odokotela bangase banikeze imithi yokwelapha ukukhuluphala kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile.
    • Nakuba kusabalulekile ukuhambisana nemithi ngokudla okunempilo kanye nokuvivinya umzimba njalo
  • Imishini yokwehlisa isisindo- Ayikho idatha yesikhathi eside mayelana nokuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwamadivayisi okwehlisa isisindo njengoba esanda kugunyazwa. Amadivayisi okwehlisa isisindo ahlanganisa
• I-Gastric Balloon System- Ohlelweni lwebhaluni lesisu, udokotela ubeka ibhaluni elilodwa noma amabili esiswini ngeshubhu elingena emlonyeni. Uma amabhaluni esesiswini, udokotela ohlinzayo uwagcwalisa ngamanzi anosawoti ukuze athathe isikhala esiningi esiswini sakho futhi akusize uzizwe.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Bariatric - Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Bariatric kuyindlela yokubhekana nokukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye namazinga aphansi okukhuluphala uma umuntu enezinkinga zempilo ezingathi sína, njengohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 noma ukulala.
• Izidlo ezikhethekile
  • Izidlo ezikhawulelwe ngamakhalori- odokotela bangase batuse ukudla okunama-calorie aphansi okufana nama-calories angu-1,200 kuya kwangu-1,500 ngosuku kwabesifazane nama-calories angu-1,500 kuya ku-1,800 ngosuku kwabesilisa. Izinga lekhalori lincike esisindweni somzimba kanye nomsebenzi womzimba
    • Ukudla okunekhalori ephansi nezinhlobonhlobo zokudla okunempilo kuzokunikeza imisoco oyidingayo ukuze uhlale
• Ukuzila ukudla okungapheli- Ayikho idatha yesikhathi eside mayelana nokuphepha nokusebenza kokuzila ukudla okuphakathi kwesisindo sesikhathi eside Kodwa isanda kuthola ukunakwa njengesu lokulahlekelwa isisindo kanye nezinzuzo zezempilo.

Isiphetho

Ukugcina isisindo somzimba esifanele kuyisenzo sokulinganisa phakathi kokusetshenziswa kokudla nama-calories adingwa umzimba ukuze uthole amandla. Uyilokho okudlayo.

Kuye kwasungulwa ukuthi ukudla ukudla okufanele kungathonya impilo yawo wonke amaqembu eminyaka. Ngokocwaningo, i-A Diet kufanele ikakhulukazi ihlanganise

• inala yemikhiqizo yokusanhlamvu, imifino, nezithelo.
• amafutha aphansi, namafutha agcwele,
• usawoti olinganiselwe
• Uma uphuza utshwala, kwenze njalo

Izibhedlela ze-CARE ngesinye sezibhedlela ezingcono kakhulu zokwehlisa isisindo e-Hyderabad enikeza ubuchwepheshe bamuva nje bokwelashwa kwe-bariatric.