Inyumoniya- Izimbangela, Izimpawu, Nokwelashwa

Inyumoniya yisimo lapho iphaphu elilodwa noma womabili ethinteka khona. I-pneumonia kubangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane, noma isikhunta. Amasaka omoya ngaphakathi emaphashini ayavuvukala. Amasaka omoya agcwala ubomvu futhi enze kube nzima ngomuntu ukuphefumula kahle. 

Inyumoniya ebangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane ingasakazeka kalula isuka kumuntu iye komunye ngomzila womoya. Kusho ukuthi uma umuntu onaleli gciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula amaconsi asemoyeni angase ahogelwe ngumuntu ophile kahle. Uma umuntu ophile kahle ehogela amaconsi atheleleke emoyeni naye angathinteka.

Izinhlobo Zenyumoniya

Inyumoniya ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi umuntu uthinteka kanjani. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zenyumoniya ezisekelwe emthonjeni wokutheleleka zihlanganisa lezi ezilandelayo:

• Inyumoniya Ehlobene Ne-Ventilator: Abantu abaningi bangaphathwa yinyumoniya uma besebenzisa i-ventilator. Ibizwa ngokuthi inyumoniya ehambisana ne-ventilator. 
• Inyumoniya Etholwe Umphakathi: Lolu hlobo lwenyumoniya lwenzeka lapho umuntu ethinteka ngaphandle kwesizinda sesibhedlela.
• Inyumoniya Etholwe Esibhedlela: Lolu hlobo lwenyumoniya lwenzeka ngesikhathi umuntu ehlala esibhedlela. Yisifo esibi kakhulu ngoba lolu hlobo lwenyumoniya lubangelwa amagciwane amelana nemithi elwa namagciwane. 
• I-Aspiration Pneumonia: Lolu hlobo lwenyumoniya lwenzeka ngokuhogela amagciwane ngokudla, i-salvia, noma isiphuzo. Lolu hlobo lokutheleleka lwenzeka kubantu abangakwazi ukugwinya ngendlela efanele.

Izigaba Zenyumoniya

Kunezigaba ezahlukene zokutheleleka ngenyumoniya. Izigaba ezahlukene zingahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe engxenyeni yamaphaphu ethintekile,

• I-Bronchopneumonia: Nge-bronchopneumonia, wonke amaphaphu angase athinteke. Indawo eseduze ne-bronchi ithinteka kakhulu. 
• I-Pneumonia ye-Lobar: Kunama-lobe ahlukene emaphashini awahlukanisa abe izingxenye ezihlukene. Kulesi sigaba senyumoniya, i-lobe eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yamaphaphu iyathinteka.

Izimpawu Zenyumoniya

Izimpawu nezimpawu zenyumoniya zingase zibe mnene kuye kwezingamahlalakhona. Izimpawu ezibalulekile zenyumoniya yilezi,

• Fever
• Ukukhwehlela ngamafinyila
• Ukuphefumula kanzima ngisho nalapho wenza imisebenzi evamile ngisho nalapho uphumule
• Ukugodola nokujuluka
• Ubuhlungu besifuba oba bubi nakakhulu lapho uphefumula noma ukhwehlela
• Ubuthakathaka nokukhathala
• Akunasifiso sokudla
• Ikhanda lingase libe khona
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza kungase kwenzeke.

Izinkinga Zenyumoniya

Inyumoniya ibangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane nanoma yimaphi amanye amagciwane angena emaphashini akho futhi athinte amasaka omoya. Amasosha akho omzimba azama ukusula ukutheleleka kodwa kungase kubangele ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu. Izikhwama zomoya zigcwala ubomvu bese zikhiqiza izimpawu ze-pneumonia. Amagciwane ahlukene afana namagciwane, amabhaktheriya, nesikhunta angabangela inyumoniya. 

• Amagciwane avamile angabangela inyumoniya yebhaktheriya yi-streptococcus pneumoniae.     
• Amagciwane avamile angabangela inyumoniya ahlanganisa ama-rhinoviruses, i-respiratory syncytial virus, i-metapneumovirus yabantu, njll. 
• Izimpawu ze-bacterial and virus pneumonia zicishe zifane kodwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane kubangela izimpawu ezithambile kanti ukutheleleka ngebhaktheriya kungase kukhiqize ukusuleleka okukhulu kwamaphaphu. 
• Isikhunta esivamile esibanga inyumoniya sihlanganisa izinhlobo ze-Cryptococcus, pneumocystis jirovecii, njll. Inyumoniya yesikhunta ibangelwa ubulongwe bezinyoni noma isikhunta esikhona ezinhlayiyeni zomhlabathi.

Ukwelashwa Kwenyumoniya

Ukwelashwa kwenyumoniya kuncike ohlotsheni nokuqina kanye nempilo ejwayelekile yesiguli. Uhlelo lokwelapha inyumoniya lunikezwe ngezansi,

Imithi

Udokotela anganikeza umuthi wokwelapha inyumoniya. Umuthi kadokotela we-pneumonia uzoncika ezimpawu zesiguli kanye nembangela ye-pneumonia. 

• I-bacterial pneumonia yelashwa ngokunikezwa ama-antibiotics. Abantu abahlushwa inyumoniya yebhaktheriya kufanele bathathe inkambo ephelele yemithi elwa namagciwane njengoba kuyalelwe yi-Best Pulmonologist E-Hyderabad. Abantu abangakuthathi ukwelashwa okufanele bangase baphathwe yizimpawu eziphindelelayo. 
• I-viral pneumonia ayihlali isikhathi eside futhi ukutheleleka kungase kutholakale ngokwakho. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaphethwe yi-viral pneumonia ngokuvamile abayidingi imithi. 
• Odokotela bazonikeza imithi yokukhunta yokwelapha inyumoniya esikhunta. Abantu kungase kudingeke baphuze ukwelashwa kokutheleleka kwefungal izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze baqede ukutheleleka. 

Imithi Ethengwayo

Udokotela angase futhi akunike imithi etholakala ekhawuntareni yokwelapha izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane nobuhlungu. Ungayithenga leyo mithi esitolo sezokwelapha futhi uqale ukuyiphuza njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho. Udokotela angase atuse ukuthi uthathe isiraphu yokukhwehlela ukuze ukhulule ukukhwehlela nokuminyana esifubeni.

Isiphetho

Sengiphetha, Inyumoniya, inkinga yamaphaphu, ingase ibangelwe amagciwane ahlukahlukene njengamagciwane, amagciwane, noma isikhunta. Abantu abaphethwe inyumoniya kufanele babhukhe isikhathi sokubonana esibhedlela se-Pulmonology e-Hyderabad futhi bavakashele udokotela ukuze bathole ukuxilongwa okufanele kanye nokuthatha ukwelashwa okufanele. Kufanele uqaphe njengoba ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lwenyumoniya, imbangela, kanye nobukhulu bezimpawu.