I-Sarcoma: Izinhlobo, Izimbangela, Izimpawu, Nokwelashwa

I-Sarcoma iwuhlobo olungavamile Cancer. Iqala ethanjeni noma ezicutshini ezithambile zomzimba, okuhlanganisa uqwanga, amafutha, imisipha, imithambo yegazi, izicubu ezine-fibrous noma izicubu ezixhumeneyo noma ezisekelayo.

Izinhlobo zeSarcoma

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-Sarcoma, kuye ngokuthi zakha kuphi:

• I-Osteosarcoma: Ngokuvamile kwenzeka emathanjeni amade akha izingalo nemilenze, nakuba kungenzeka kunoma yiliphi ithambo. Ngokujwayelekile kuthinta izingane kanye nabantu abadala.
• I-Liposarcoma: Iqala emangqamuzaneni amafutha, ngokuvamile emisipheni yamalungu noma yesisu.
• I-Rhabdomyosarcoma: Ngokuvamile iqala emisipheni enamathele emathanjeni, asisiza ukuba sinyakaze izitho zethu zomzimba. Kungumdlavuza wezinhlobo zakuqala zamaseli emisipha, uvame kakhulu ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.

Akukacaci kahle ukuthi iSarcoma idalwa yini. Kodwa ngokuvamile, umdlavuza uyakha lapho izinguquko zenzeka ku-DNA ngaphakathi kwamaseli. I-DNA esengqamuzaneni ihlanganiswe enanini elikhulu lezakhi zofuzo olulodwa, ngayinye yakhelwe ukwenza umsebenzi othile noma umsebenzi othile mayelana nendlela yokukhula nokuhlukanisa.

Lokhu kusiholela esihlokweni soguquko. Uguquko luwushintsho ekulandeleni kwe-DNA kwento ephilayo. Zingabangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle ekuphindaphindeni kwe-DNA ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli. Ngakho, amangqamuzana aqala ukukhula ngokungalawuleki futhi aqhubeke ephila lapho amangqamuzana avamile efa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, amaseli angajwayelekile anqwabelene angakha isimila.

Izingozi ze-Sarcoma

Ziningi izinto eziyingozi ezihlanganisa,

• Ama-syndromes azuzwe njengefa: Ingatholwa yingane kubazali ngokofuzo.
• Ukuvezwa kwamakhemikhali: Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile anjengama-herbicides, i-arsenic noma i-dioxin kunganyusa ubungozi bokuthola ama-Sarcoma ezicubu ezithambile.
• Ukuvezwa kwemisebe: Kwesinye isikhathi esikhathini esedlule isiguli besike sachayeka ekwelapheni ngemisebe, okungaba esinye sezizathu zokuthola umdlavuza wezicubu ezithambile.
• Ukuchayeka kumagciwane: Amagciwane angadlala umonakalo ngesimiso sokuzivikela ezifweni esibuthakathaka.

Izimpawu zeSarcoma

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-Sarcoma zingalinganiswa ngokuthi,

• Isigaxa esingazwakala ngaphansi kwesikhumba, singaba buhlungu noma singabi buhlungu.
• Kungase kube nobuhlungu emathanjeni.
• Ubuhlungu obunye esiswini.
• Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungajwayelekile.

Ukwelashwa kweSarcoma

Ukwelashwa okuphakanyiswe yi-Best Oncologist e-Raipur ngezicubu ezithambile i-Sarcoma kungaba ngendlela yokuthi,

• Ukuhlinzwa, ngokwelashwa ngemisebe noma ngaphandle kwayo.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwengxenye yomzimba, lapho ithinteke khona (okungavamile ukwenziwa)
• Ukuhlinzwa emaphashini, lapho sekuphinde kwavela khona futhi.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kungenziwa, okuqeda umdlavuza ngamandla, kuvimbele ukuphindeka futhi kugcine izinga lokuphila lesiguli. Ukwelashwa kungase kubangele imiphumela engemihle, kodwa ukuthuthuka kwesayensi kuye kwehlise ngezinga elikhulu.

Iziguli ezikhethiwe ezithuthuka kulezi zindlela zokwelapha ezingenhla zingazuza ku-NGS (Next Generation Sequencing), lapho sihlonza ngamamolekyuli ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Uma uguquko seluhlonziwe lungaqondiswa ngokuqondile nge-Targeted Therapy noma i-Immunotherapy. I-Immunotherapy iqinisa amasosha omzimba futhi iyakwazi ukuhlonza nokulwa namaseli omdlavuza.

UDkt. Ravi Jaiswal

Umxhumanisi Wezempilo Oncologist

I-Ramkrishna CARE Hospitals, eRaipur