Izimpawu Nezimpawu Zezinkinga Ze-thyroid & Indlela Yokuyelapha?

Indlala yegilo isho indlala ebekwe entanyeni yakho, ezungeze uqhoqhoqho. Idala futhi ikhiphe amahomoni asiza umzimba womuntu ukwenza imisebenzi ethile. Indlala ikhipha amahomoni alawula imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile emzimbeni.

Uma indlala ingasebenzi ngendlela evamile, izophazamisa umzimba wakho wonke. Lapho umzimba wenza i-hormone yegilo eyeqile, kubangela isimo esaziwa ngokuthi i-hyperthyroidism. Uma kwenzeka i-hormone yegilo ekhiqizwa umzimba inganele, umuntu uhlushwa yi-hypothyroidism. Zombili lezi zifo zibucayi futhi kufanele zamukele ukwelashwa kwe-thyroid kusuka kumhlinzeki wezempilo.

Ukulawulwa kwendlala yegilo Izifo

I-Hyperthyroidism, kanye ne-hypothyroidism, ingase ibe umphumela wezinkinga eziningi eziyisisekelo. Lesi sifo ngokuvamile sidluliselwa ngofuzo emindenini.

Yenzani I-Thyroid?

Indlala yegilo ikhiqiza amahomoni, ngokuyinhloko i-triiodothyronine (T3) ne-thyroxine (T4), adlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni umzimba, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, izinga lokushisa lomzimba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nokusebenza kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Lawa mahomoni aphinde abe nomthelela ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni kwezingane.
 

Ubani Othintwa Isifo Se-thyroid?

Izifo ze-thyroid zivamile futhi zingathinta abantu banoma iyiphi iminyaka noma ubulili. Abesifazane, ikakhulukazi labo abaneminyaka engu-30 nangaphezulu, bathambekele kakhulu ekuphazamisekeni kwegilo, ikakhulukazi i-hypothyroidism kanye nezimo zegilo ezizimele njengesifo sikaHashimoto. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ze-thyroid zingenzeka emadodeni nakwabesifazane banoma iyiphi iminyaka.

Izimpawu ze-Thyroid Disease

Kunenqwaba yezimpawu umuntu angaba nazo esimweni sesifo se-thyroid. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izimpawu zezinkinga ze-thyroid ngokuvamile zifana nezimpawu eziningana zezimo zezokwelapha nezinkinga ezahlukene. Lokhu kuvame ukwenza kube nzima ukukhomba ukuthi lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuphazamiseka kwegilo noma esinye isifo.

Ngokuvamile, izimpawu eziningi zegilo kwabesifazane zihlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili: isifo esikhipha i-hormone yegilo eyengeziwe i-hyperthyroidism, kanti isifo esikhipha ama-hormone egilo anganele yi-hypothyroidism.

Izimpawu ze-thyroid engasebenzi ngokweqile noma i-hyperthyroidism:

• Ukukhathazeka, uvalo, nokucasuka.
• Kuphazamise ubuthongo.
• Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki.
• Uhlushwa i-goitre.
• Ubuthakathaka nokundindizela Emisipha
• Imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engavamile noma emisiwe.
• Ukuzwela ukushisa.
• Izinkinga zamehlo nokucasuka.

Izimpawu ze-thyroid engasebenzi kahle noma i-hypothyroidism:

• Ukukhathala okungajwayelekile.
• Ukukhula kwesisindo okungachazeki.
• Ukwanda kokukhohlwa.
• Imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini kaningi neyeqile.
• Izinwele ezomile nezilimele.
• Izwi elihoshozelayo.
• Ukuzwela okubandayo.

Izinkinga ze-Thyroid

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-thyroid kungavela ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene:

1. Izimo ezizenzakalelayo: Ukuphazamiseka okufana ne-Hashimoto's thyroiditis kanye nesifo sika-Graves kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela indlala yegilo.
2. Ukushoda kwe-iodine: Ukungatholi i-iodine eyanele, imineral ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni amahomoni egilo, kungaholela ezinkingeni zegilo.
3. Ufuzo: Umlando womndeni kanye nokuthambekela kofuzo kungandisa ingozi yokuphazamiseka kwegilo.
4. Izigaxa zegilo noma izimila: Ukukhula noma izigaxa ku-thyroid gland kungathinta ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni.

Izingozi Zezifo Ze-thyroid

Ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo se-thyroid uma:

• Babelwa abesifazane lapho bezalwa (AFAB), njengoba abantu be-AFAB benethuba eliphindwe kahlanu kuya kweyisishiyagalombili lokuba nezinkinga zegilo uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo ababelwe owesilisa ekuzalweni (AMAB).
• Yiba nomlando womndeni wesifo se-thyroid.
• Yiba ne-Turner syndrome.
• Uphuza imithi ene-iodine ephezulu.
• Hlala endaweni engenawo usawoti one-iodine, okwandisa ingozi yokuntuleka kwe-iodine.
• Ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, ikakhulukazi uma u-AFAB.
• Uthole ukwelashwa ngemisebe ekhanda noma entanyeni.

Izifo ze-autoimmune nazo ziphakamisa ubungozi bakho, ikakhulukazi uma unezimo ezifana nalezi:

• I-anemia eyingozi.
• Thayipha isifo sikashukela sesi-1.
• Isifo seCeliac.
• Isifo sika-Addison (ukungasebenzi kahle kwezindlala ze-adrenal).
• I-Lupus.
• I-Rheumatoid arthritis.

Ukuxilongwa Kwesifo Se-thyroid

Ukuxilongwa kuhilela inhlanganisela yomlando wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, nokuhlolwa, okungase kuhlanganise ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kulinganiswe amazinga e-hormone yegilo (TSH, T3, T4), ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ezifana ne-ultrasound noma izikena zegilo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-biopsy yamaqhuqhuva egilo.

Ukuvimbela Izifo Ze-thyroid

Izifo ze-thyroid ngokuvamile azigwemeki njengoba izimo eziningi zihlotshaniswa nezici zofuzo noma izimo ze-autoimmune, ongeke ukwazi ukuzilawula.

Kodwa-ke, ungase ukwazi ukuvimbela izinkinga ze-thyroid ezihlobene nokuba ne-iodine eningi noma encane kakhulu. Uma unokukhathazeka ngokuthola inani elifanele le-iodine, thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Ukwelashwa Kwezifo Ze-thyroid

Umgomo oyinhloko womhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukucindezela amazinga e-hormone yegilo abuyele kokujwayelekile. Lokhu kungenzeka ukwenza ngezindlela eziningi, futhi zonke lezi zindlela zokwelapha ze-thyroid zincike ngokukhethekile kumbangela yakho eyingqayizivele yesimo se-thyroid.

Uma kwenzeka ulwa namazinga e-hormone egilo ngokweqile noma i-hyperthyroidism, ungaba nezinketho zokwelapha ezifana nalezi:

• Imithi elwa ne-thyroid ingamisa ngempumelelo indlala yegilo ekukhiqizeni amahomoni amaningi kakhulu.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-iodine enemisebe kusebenza ngokulimaza amangqamuzana akho endlala yegilo, ngaleyo ndlela kuvinjwe ukuthi akhiqize inani eliphezulu kangaka lamahomoni.
• Ama-Beta-blockers awakwazi ukushintsha inani lamahomoni akhiqizwa emzimbeni kodwa ayasebenza ekusizeni ukuthi ulawule izimpawu ezihlobene.
• Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokugcina futhi ebucayi kakhulu yokwelapha i-Thyroid. Kulokhu, udokotela wakho angakwazi ukukhipha i-thyroid emzimbeni wakho ngokuhlinzwa ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-thyroidectomy. Lokhu kuzovimba unomphela indlala ekukhiqizeni amahomoni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuzodingeka udle amahomoni e-thyroid ashintshayo njalo impilo yakho yonke.

Uma kwenzeka ulwa namazinga e-hormone yegilo engenele noma i-hypothyroidism, ungaba nezinketho zokwelapha ezifana nalezi:

• Imithi yokubuyisela i-thyroid hormone iyindlela yokwenziwa yokwengeza amahomoni egilo ngqo ohlelweni. Ngosizo lwalo muthi, uzokwazi ukulawula isifo sakho futhi uqhubeke uphila ngendlela evamile.

Uma ufuna izindlela zemvelo zokugcina i-thyroid yakho isesimweni, lezi yizinyathelo ezimbalwa ezingathuthukisa impilo ye-thyroid yakho ngempumelelo:

• Faka usawoti one-iodide ekudleni.
• Gwema ukudla okufana neklabishi ne-broccoli.
• Gwema ukudla okugayiwe ngokweqile noma okulondolozwe kakhulu njengesinkwa esimhlophe ne-pasta.
• Susa utshwala nogwayi ngokuphelele.
• Ukujima okulula njengokuhamba ngezinyawo noma ukuhamba ngebhayisikili kumele kufakwe endleleni yakho yokuphila
• Yehlisa amazinga okucindezeleka
• Hamba uyohlola ukusebenza kwegilo 

Ngakho-ke, qaphela izifo ezifana ne-thyroid futhi ngokushesha uthathe usizo kudokotela wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu. Landela izinyathelo zemvelo ezingenhla futhi uhlale ufanelekile.

Izibhedlela ze-CARE zithathwa njenge Isibhedlela esingcono kakhulu se-thyroid eVisakhapatnam. Sinodokotela abangcono kakhulu bokwelapha izifo zegilo futhi bahlinzeka ngokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela eNdiya.

Nini Ukubonisana Nodokotela

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo:

• I-Arrhythmia: Noma isiphi isigqi senhliziyo esingavamile sidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokungavamile, ngokushesha kakhulu, noma kancane kakhulu. Uma ucabanga ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo, shayela u-911 ngokushesha.
• Ukungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini: Naka imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engahambisani, ukopha kakhulu, noma izikhathi ezivame kakhulu noma eziqhelelene kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma unenkinga yokukhulelwa.
• I-Subacute Thyroiditis: Lokhu kungase kwenzeke ngemva kokutheleleka ngegciwane futhi kungabandakanya izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu bentamo noma ukuvuvukala, ukuzamazama, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuzwa jittery, inhliziyo egijima, nokukhathala naphezu kokungakwazi ukulala.
• I-Postpartum Thyroiditis: Lesi simo ngokuvamile sivela phakathi nonyaka wokuqala ngemva kokubeletha. Ngokuvamile iqala ngezimpawu ze-hyperthyroid ngaphambi kokudlulela kokuphambene. Nakuba kuvamile futhi ngokuvamile kuzixazulula ngokwazo ngaphandle kokushintshwa kwe-hormone, ezinye iziguli zingase zidinge ukulandela ukuze ziqinisekise ukuthi azizange zibe ne-hypothyroidism.
• Izimpawu ze-thyroid: Lezi nazo zivame kakhulu futhi zivame ukutholwa ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuskena, njengoba ngokuvamile zingabonakali ngaphandle uma zizinkulu. Uma unamaqhuqhuva egilo asebenza ngokweqile futhi akhiqiza i-hormone yegilo eyeqile, angelashwa ngemithi, iodine enemisebe, noma kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ngingakwazi ukuphila impilo evamile nesifo se-thyroid?

Yebo, abantu abaningi abanesifo se-thyroid bangaphila impilo evamile, enempilo ngokuphathwa nokwelashwa okufanele. Ukuhlolwa njalo kanye nemithi kungasiza ukulawula izimpawu nokugcina amazinga e-hormone.

2. Izinkinga zegilo ziwuthinta kanjani umzimba wakho?

Izinkinga zegilo zingaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni okuhlukahlukene komzimba, okuhlanganisa i-metabolism, amazinga wamandla, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, nokulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa. Kungaholela ezimpawini ezinjengokukhathala, ukushintsha kwesisindo, ukushintsha kwemizwelo, kanye noshintsho empilweni yesikhumba nezinwele.

3. Uyihlola kanjani indlala yegilo ekhaya?

Ngenkathi ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya kungacacile, ungenza isheke lentamo elula: yima phambi kwesibuko bese ugwinya ngenkathi ubuka indawo engezansi kwe-apula lika-Adam wakho. Uma ubona ukuvuvukala noma isigaxa, kungase kubonise inkinga yegilo. Nokho, ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile nokuhlolwa, thintana nochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

4. Ingabe ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuyawuthinta umsebenzi wegilo?

Yebo, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza, ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa ngemisebe entanyeni noma izidakamizwa ezithile ze-chemotherapy, zingathinta ukusebenza kwegilo, okungase kuholele ku-hypothyroidism noma ezinye izifo zegilo.

5. Zingaqala nini izinkinga zegilo?

Izinkinga zegilo zingaqala kunoma ibuphi ubudala, kodwa zivame kakhulu kwabesifazane, ikakhulukazi labo abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-60. Izinto ezifana nezakhi zofuzo, ukukhulelwa, nezimo ze-autoimmune nazo zingadala izinkinga zegilo.

6. Ingabe indlala yegilo iyinkinga enkulu?

Izinkinga zegilo zingaba zimbi kakhulu uma zingelashwa, okuholela ezinkingeni ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, i-osteoporosis, nokuphazamiseka okukhulu kwezinqubo ze-metabolic. Kodwa-ke, ngokuphathwa ngendlela efanele, abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukulawula ngokuphumelelayo izimo zabo zegilo.

7. Siyini isigaba sokuqala se-thyroid?

Isigaba sokuqala sokungasebenzi kahle kwegilo sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-subclinical hypothyroidism noma i-hyperthyroidism, lapho amazinga e-hormone yegilo angase abe okungavamile kancane, kodwa izimpawu azikavezwa.

8. Ingabe isifo se-thyroid singelapheka?

Nakuba ezinye izimo ze-thyroid, njengezinhlobo ezithile ze-hypothyroidism, zingase zingelapheki, zingaphathwa ngokuphumelelayo ngemithi kanye nezinguquko zokuphila. Ukuqapha njalo kubalulekile ukulungisa ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.

9. Ngiyenza kanjani i-thyroid yami ibuyele kwesijwayelekile?

Ukuze wenze umsebenzi we-thyroid ujwayeleke, thintana nomhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele nokwelashwa. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise imithi, izinguquko zokudla, nokuqapha njalo amazinga e-hormone yegilo.

10. Ziqala kanjani izinkinga zegilo?

Izinkinga zegilo zingaqala ngenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izifo ezizimele (njenge-Hashimoto's noma i-Graves' disease), ukuthambekela kofuzo, ukuntuleka kwe-iodine, nemithi ethile noma imithi yokwelapha.

11. Izinkinga ze-thyroid ziqala iminyaka emingaki?

Izinkinga ze-thyroid zingenzeka kunoma iyiphi iminyaka kodwa zivame ukutholakala kubantu abadala abaphakathi nabadala, ikakhulukazi abesifazane. Izimo ezifana ne-Hashimoto's thyroiditis zingakhula kubantu abasha.

12. Bunjani ubuhlungu begilo?

Ubuhlungu be-thyroid bungase buzwe njengokuzwela noma ukungakhululeki phambi kwentamo, ikakhulukazi lapho ugwinya noma uthinta indawo. Kwezinye izimo, ukuvuvukala kwe-thyroid (i-thyroiditis) kungabangela ubuhlungu obuningi nokuvuvukala.

13. Ingabe indlala yegilo ibangela amafutha esiswini?

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-thyroid, ikakhulukazi i-hypothyroidism, kungaholela ekuzuzeni isisindo kanye nezinguquko ekubunjweni komzimba, okuhlanganisa ukwanda kwamafutha esiswini. Ukuphatha kahle amazinga e-thyroid kungasiza ekulawuleni isisindo.