Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nezinketho Zokwelashwa Kwe-Jaundice Ezinsaneni Ezisanda kuzalwa

I-jaundice ezinsaneni noma ezinsaneni i-jaundice yisifo lapho isikhumba somntwana namehlo siba phuzi. Lesi simo sivela ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-bilirubin ngokweqile egazini lomntwana. Yinto ephuzi efika ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Isibindi sisiza ukukhipha i-bilirubin emzimbeni, ngaleyo ndlela sivimbele i-jaundice. Esikhathini esiningi, i-jaundice iyahamba yodwa, kodwa kwezinye izimo, ezinye izingane zidinga ukwelashwa kwe-jaundice. Ukwelashwa kwe-jaundice ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa kuncike eminyakeni yobudala bengane kanye nembangela eqondile ye-jaundice.

Izinhlobo Zejaundice Yezingane

1. I-Physiological Jaundice: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile luvela ngemva kwamahora angu-24 okuzalwa. Kwenzeka ngoba isibindi somntwana osanda kuzalwa sisakhula futhi sisebenza kahle i-bilirubin.
2. I-Jaundice yokuncelisa: Izingane ezincela ibele zingase zibe ne-jaundice uma zingalutholi ubisi lwebele olwanele.
3. Ijaundice yobisi lwebele: Ngokuvamile ivela ngemva kweviki lokuqala lokuzalwa futhi ingahlala amaviki ambalwa. Imbangela ayicacile kodwa ingase ibandakanye izinto obisini lwebele ezikhuphula amazinga e-bilirubin.
4. Ukungahambisani Kweqembu Legazi: Ukungahambelani kohlobo lwegazi lwe-Rh noma i-ABO phakathi kukamama nengane kungabangela i-jaundice.

Ivamise Kangakanani I-Jaundice Ezinsaneni Ezisanda kuzalwa?

Ijaundice ivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, ithinta cishe amaphesenti angama-60 wezingane ezizelwe ngokugcwele kanye namaphesenti angama-80 ezinsana ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ijaundice engokomzimba iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu futhi imvamisa ukuzixazulula ngokwayo phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emasontweni ambalwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma kunzima noma isikhathi eside, ukungenelela kwezokwelapha kungase kudingeke ukuvimbela izinkinga. Kubalulekile ukuthi abazali baqaphe umbala wesikhumba somntwana wabo futhi bathintane nochwepheshe bezempilo uma bebona i-jaundice ende noma ezinye izimpawu eziphathelene nezimpawu.

Izimpawu ze-Jaundice Yezingane

Uma ingane ine-jaundice, khona-ke isikhumba sakhe sizovela siphuzi. Okokuqala, ubuso buba phuzi, bese kuba isifuba nesisu futhi ekugcineni imilenze. Ingxenye emhlophe yamehlo omntwana nayo iba phuzi.

Le ndlela elandelayo izosiza abazali bahlole ukuthi ingane yabo ine-jaundice noma cha. Cindezela ngobumnene isikhumba esiphongweni somntwana noma ekhaleni, bese uphakamisa umunwe wakho. Esinye sezimpawu ze-jaundice esanda kuzalwa senza isikhumba somntwana sibonakale siphuzi.

Abazali bangashayela udokotela wezingane uma bebona lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Uma ingane inenkinga yokondla.

• Uma ingane izwa ubuthongo obukhulu.

• Uma umntwana ephethwe umkhuhlane. 

• Uma ingane ikhala kakhulu.

Izinkinga ze-Jaundice ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa

Ezinye izimbangela ezinkulu ze-jaundice ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa yilezi ezilandelayo:

Ukuzalwa Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi: Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi azikwazi ukukhipha i-bilirubin emizimbeni yazo. Odokotela kudingeka babelaphe ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.

Inkinga Ukuncelisa Ibele: Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, uma ingane ingatholi ubisi lwebele olwanele, umama kufanele athole usizo lochwepheshe bokuncelisa.

Uhlobo lwegazi: Uma umntwana nomama benamaqembu egazi ahlukene, khona-ke amasosha omzimba akhiqizwa emzimbeni kamama ahlasela amangqamuzana egazi abomvu omntwana.

Inkinga Yezofuzo: Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu aba buthaka ngenxa yezindaba zofuzo. Lawa maseli aphuka kalula futhi akhiqize amanani aphezulu we-bilirubin. 

Ezinye izimbangela zifaka:

• Ukopha (ukopha kwangaphakathi)

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi

• I-Sepsis (ukutheleleka egazini lomntwana)

• Ukuntuleka kwe-enzyme

• I-biliary atresia

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Jaundice Yezingane

Odokotela bazokutshela ukuthi isimo somntwana sibucayi kangakanani ngokubheka umbala ophuzi wesikhumba kanye nengxenye emhlophe yamehlo. Zonke izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zixilongwa ngemva kokuzalwa nangaphambi kokuphuma esibhedlela. 

Odokotela batusa ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwezingane ezihlushwa i-jaundice ukuze kubhekwe amazinga azo e-bilirubin. Basebenzisa nomshini olula ukuhlola i-bilirubin esikhumbeni. Umphumela wokuhlolwa kwegazi ubonisa ukuthi i-jaundice yosana iqine kangakanani. Baqala ukwelashwa kwabo ngokushesha ngemva kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa.

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Jaundice Kwezingane Ezisanda kuzalwa

Ukwelashwa kwe-jaundice yosana kuncike eminyakeni yobudala bomntwana, amazinga e-bilirubin, kanye nembangela ye-jaundice.

• I-jaundice emaphakathi ihlala isonto eli-1 kuye kwayi-2.

• Izingane ezincela i-jaundice kufanele zinceliswe kaningi omama bazo.

Ukwelashwa okulandelayo kunikezwa uma izimo zibucayi kakhulu:

• Uketshezi - Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kubangela amazinga aphezulu e-bilirubin. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bazoncoma izithasiselo eziwuketshezi ukuze izingane zikhulise izinga lamanzi.

• Ukwelashwa Okulula - Yaziwa nangokuthi i-phototherapy. Phakathi nalokhu kwelashwa, izingane zilaliswa ngaphansi kokukhanya nezingubo ezincane ukuze isikhumba sazo sivezwe. Lokhu kukhanya kuguqula i-bilirubin ibe ezinye izinto ezingadlula kalula ziphume emzimbeni.

• Ukushintshwa Kwegazi - Lokhu kwelashwa kunconywa uma i-phototherapy ingasebenzi. Phakathi nenqubo, igazi lomntwana lithathelwa indawo igazi lalowo onikelayo ukuze kuncishiswe inani le-bilirubin.

• I-IVIg (Intravenous Immunoglobulin) - Lokhu kwelashwa kwe-jaundice esanda kuzalwa kunikezwa lezo zingane ezinezinhlobo zegazi ezingahambisani nezinhlobo zegazi likanina. I-IVIg idluliselwa emithanjeni futhi ivimbe isenzo samasosha omzimba kumaseli abomvu egazi.

Abazali kufanele baxhumane ngokushesha ne- odokotela bezingane abahamba phambili e-Hyderabad uma i-jaundice yengane yabo ingapheli. Izingane ezine-jaundice isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili zidinga ukuhlolwa okukhulu ukuze kubhekwe ezinye izimbangela ze-jaundice. Odokotela bazoqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuze ingane ingahlupheki kakhulu. Bheka izimpawu zokuqala futhi usheshe uma kuba nezimpawu ozibona enganeni yakho.