I-Tension Headache: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Ukwelashwa kanye Namakhambi Asekhaya

Wake wezwa ibhande elikumpintshayo likucindezela ekhanda? Lokho kuwuphawu lwezinhlungu zekhanda ezicindezelayo, inkinga yezempilo evamile kodwa evame ukunganakwa. Lezi zinhlungu zekhanda zithinta izigidi emhlabeni wonke, kubangela ukungakhululeki nokuphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuwuhlupho oluncane, ubuhlungu bekhanda obucindezelayo bungaba nomthelela omkhulu eqophelweni lempilo yomuntu kanye nokukhiqiza.

Masiqonde ukuthi ayini amakhanda e-hypertension futhi sihlole izinhlobo zawo, izimbangela, nezimpawu. Sizophinde sihlole izindlela ezingokwemvelo zokudambisa ubuhlungu bekhanda obucindezelayo kanye namathiphu okuvimbela lezi zinhlungu zekhanda.

Ayini amakhanda e-tension?

Ziwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwekhanda elibuhlungu. Babangela ubuhlungu obuncane kuya kobumaphakathi obunikeza umuzwa webhande eliqinile eliboshwe ekhanda lakho, libeka ingcindezi ebunzini nasemathempelini. Izinhlungu zekhanda ezicindezelayo zibonakala kunoma iyiphi iminyaka kodwa zivame kakhulu kubantu abadala kanye nentsha endala. Naphezu kokusabalala kwazo, izimbangela eziqondile zekhanda elicindezelayo aziqondi kahle. Nokho, ukucindezeleka kungabhekwa njengesisusa esivame kakhulu. Ubuhlungu bekhanda obucindezelayo bungaba inselele ukuhlukanisa kubo migraines, kodwa ngokuvamile azibandakanyi ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo, isicanucanu, noma oluhlanzayo.

Izinhlobo Zekhanda Elibuhlungu

Ikhanda elibuhlungu lihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: 

• I-Episodic Tension Headaches: Izinhlungu zekhanda ze-Episodic zenzeka ngaphansi kwezinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu ngenyanga futhi zingathatha imizuzu engamashumi amathathu kuya kwesonto. Zibonakala ngomuzwa wokucindezela noma ukuqina ekhanda, ngokuvamile okuchazwa njengebhande eliqinile. Lawa makhanda abuhlungu aphakathi nendawo. Ngokuvamile azibi nakakhulu ngokusebenza ngokomzimba.
• Izinhlungu zekhanda le-Chronic Tension: Zenzeka izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-15 ngenyanga okungenani izinyanga ezintathu. Zingahlala amahora noma zingashintshi, zibangele umthelela omkhulu empilweni yansuku zonke. Izinhlungu zekhanda ezicindezelayo ezingalapheki zingase zihambisane nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo okuncane, okuzenze zibe buthakathaka kakhulu kunozakwabo be-episodic. 

Zombili izinhlobo zekhanda elicindezelayo zivame kakhulu kwabesifazane, zithinta izehlakalo ezifika ku-65%.

Izinkinga Zekhanda Elibuhlungu

Izinhlungu zekhanda ezicindezelayo zinezisusa ezihlukahlukene, okwenza kube inselele ukuzigwema ngokuphelele. 

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu livame ukwenzeka lapho imisipha yentamo nesikhumba iqina noma ifinyela. Lokhu kuqina kwemisipha kungaba impendulo ekucindezelekeni, ukucindezeleka, noma ukukhathazeka. 
• Izici ezingokomzimba nazo zinendima. Imisebenzi egcina ikhanda lisendaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside, njengokusebenza kwekhompuyutha noma ukusebenzisa isibonakhulu, kungaholela ekuphathweni kwekhanda elibuhlungu. 
• Izici zendlela yokuphila njengokubhema ngokweqile, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, kanye nokusebenzisa i-caffeine noma ukuhoxa kungase kubangele lezi zinhlungu zekhanda. 
• Izinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo ezifana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, noma izifo ze-sinus zingase zibe nomthelela ekuphathweni kwekhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ezinye izimbangela ezingase zibe khona zihlanganisa ukulala egumbini elibandayo noma isimo sentamo esingesihle, ukucindezeleka kwamehlo, kanye ne-temporomandibular jaw disorder (TMJ).

Izimpawu Zekhanda Elibuhlungu

Okulandelayo ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zezimpawu zekhanda elicindezelayo: 

• Ubuhlungu obudangele obuzwakala njengebhande elimpintshayo elicindezela ekhanda. 
• Ukungakhululeki kuvame ukuchazwa njengokucindezelwa okungaguquki, kusukela ekuqineni okuncane kuya kokumaphakathi. 
• Ubumnene entanyeni nasemisipha yehlombe futhi ngezinye izikhathi nasesikhumbeni sekhanda
• Ubuhlungu ngokuvamile buthinta izinhlangothi zombili zekhanda futhi bungahlala noma yikuphi ukusuka emaminithini angu-30 kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. 
• Ukuzwela ekukhanyeni nomsindo
• Ubunzima bokulala ngenxa yokungakhululeki okuqhubekayo.

Sifo

Ubuhlungu bekhanda obucindezelayo butholakala ngokuyinhloko ngokusekelwe ezimpawu nokuhlolwa komzimba. 

• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Odokotela bathembele encazelweni yesiguli yobuhlungu ukuze banqume uhlobo nembangela yekhanda elibuhlungu. Imininingwane ebalulekile okufanele wabelane ngayo ihlanganisa ukushuba kobuhlungu, indawo, nezici. Isibonelo, ingabe ukungakhululeki kuhlala njalo futhi kufiphele noma kubukhali futhi kugwaza? Ingabe ithinta imisebenzi yansuku zonke? Ingabe ubuhlungu ohlangothini olulodwa noma lonke ekhanda?
• Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu: Ukuze bagweme ezinye izimo, odokotela bangase ba-ode ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ama-X-ray e-sinus, ama-MRI scan, noma ama-CT scan. Lolu phenyo lusiza ukuhlonza izinkinga ezingase zibangele izimpawu. Ukulandelela amaphethini ekhanda elibuhlungu kudayari nakho kungasiza ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa okunembile. I-International Headache Society idinga okungenani iziqephu eziyishumi zokuxilongwa kwekhanda elibuhlungu.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kwekhanda elicindezelayo kuhilela kokubili izindlela zemithi nezingezona ezemithi. 

• Indlela ye-Pharmacological:
  • Izidambisi zobuhlungu ezitholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta ngokuvamile ziwumugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela. Le mithi inganikeza ukukhululeka kwekhanda elicindezelayo lapho ithathwa ekuqaleni kobuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, landela imiyalelo yomthamo onikezwe udokotela wakho ngokucophelela ukuze ugweme ubuhlungu bekhanda obuphindaphindiwe noma ukulimala kwesitho. 
  • Ngezinhlungu ezibuhlungu njalo, odokotela bangase banikeze izidambisi zinhlungu ezinamandla noma imithi yokuvimbela efana ne-tricyclic antidepressants. 
• Indlela engeyona eyekhemisi:
  • Izinguquko zokuphila 
  • Amasu okuphatha ukucindezela
  • I-Biofeedback 
  • Ukwelapha kokuziphatha okuqondayo 
  • Massage
  • Ukunakekelwa kwe-Chiropractic
  • I-acupuncture

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Nakuba ubuhlungu bekhanda obushubile bukwazi ukulawulwa ekhaya, izimo ezithile zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Funa ukunakekelwa ngokushesha: 

• Uma uphathwa yikhanda elibuhlungu kungazelelwe 
• Uma ikhanda elibuhlungu lihambisana nokudideka, inkulumo ehlehlisiwe, noma izinguquko zombono
• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kuka-50 futhi uqaphela ushintsho iphethini yakho yekhanda elibuhlungu
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibeleselayo eliba libi kakhulu lapho ulele noma umile 
• Uma uzithola udinga ukukhululeka kobuhlungu ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu ngeviki noma uma ukwelashwa kwakho kwekhanda elicindezelayo kungasasebenzi

Prevention

Ukuvimbela ubuhlungu bekhanda obucindezelayo kuhilela ukwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo nokulawula ukucindezeleka ngempumelelo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:

• Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kukhipha amakhemikhali avimba izimpawu zobuhlungu eziya ebuchosheni, okusiza ekunciphiseni ukuvama kwekhanda elibuhlungu. 
• Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco ngeshejuli nokuhlala ungenawo amanzi kubalulekile. 
• Ukulala ngokwanele nokugcina iphethini yokulala engashintshi, ngisho nangezimpelaviki, nakho kungasiza.
• Qaphela lapho usebenzisa i-caffeine futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa imithi yezinhlungu ngokweqile. 
• Ukuyeka ukubhema iyasiza, njengoba i-nicotine inciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni. 
• Amasu okulawula ukucindezeleka angasebenza ngempumelelo ekuvimbeleni ubuhlungu bekhanda obucindezelayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukwenza ukuphila kwakho kube lula, ukuthatha ikhefu, nokunciphisa ukungezwani kwemisipha ngokusebenzisa ukushisa.

Amakhambi asekhaya e-Tension Headache

Amakhambi emvelo amaningana angasiza ekudambiseni ubuhlungu bekhanda obushubile. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Ukuphuza inani elifanele lamanzi kubalulekile, njengoba kwamanzi emzimbeni ngokuvamile kubangela ubuhlungu bekhanda. 
• I-compress ebandayo noma efudumele phezu kwebunzi noma intamo inganikeza impumuzo ngokucindezela imithambo yegazi noma imisipha eqinile ephumuzayo. 
• Ukuphumula egumbini elimnyama, elithule kungase kudambise izimpawu, ikakhulukazi ezingezwani nokukhanya. 
• Ukubhucungwa okuthambile kwamaphoyinti okucindezela emathempelini, emhlathini, noma entanyeni kungakhulula ukungezwani. 
• Ukuphefumula okujulile, ukuzindla nezinye izindlela zokuphumula kunganciphisa ubuhlungu bekhanda obuhlobene nokucindezeleka. 
• Kwabanye, i-caffeine ngokulinganisela ingasiza, kuyilapho abanye bathola ukukhululeka nge-aromatherapy besebenzisa amafutha abalulekile afana ne-peppermint noma i-lavender.

Isiphetho

Ikhanda elibuhlungu, nakuba livamile, linomthelela omkhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Zingabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokucindezeleka, ukungami kahle, nemikhuba yokuphila. Ukuqonda izimbangela nezimpawu kubalulekile ukuze ulawule lezi zinhlungu zekhanda ngempumelelo. 

Ngokwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo, abantu abaningi banganciphisa ukuvela kwekhanda elibuhlungu. Khumbula, nakuba ubuhlungu bekhanda obucindezelayo buvame ukulawuleka ekhaya, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela uma izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu noma uma ikhanda liqala ukuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ngazi kanjani uma nginekhanda elicindezelayo?

Ikhanda elibuhlungu ngokuvamile libangela ubuhlungu obunzima, obubuhlungu obuzwakala njengokucindezela okuqinile ekhanda. Ukungakhululeki kuvame ukuchazwa njengokucindezelwa okungaguquki, kusukela ekuqineni okuncane kuya kokumaphakathi. Ngokungafani ne-migraines, ikhanda elicindezelayo alivamile ukubangela isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza. Nokho, zingase ziholele ekuzweleni ukukhanya nomsindo. Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, ungase ube nekhanda elicindezelayo.

2. Ikhanda elibuhlungu lihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Izinhlungu zekhanda ezicindezelayo zithatha isigamu sehora kuye kweviki. Isilinganiso sesikhathi sesiqephu esisodwa cishe amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-6. Izinhlungu zekhanda le-Episodic tension zenzeka ngaphansi kwezinsuku eziyi-15 ngenyanga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli buvela izinsuku ezingu-15 noma ngaphezulu ngenyanga okungenani izinyanga ezintathu.

3. Iyini imbangela eyinhloko yekhanda elicindezelayo?

Isizathu esiqondile sekhanda elicindezelayo asiqondi ngokugcwele. Nokho, ukucindezeleka kungabhekwa njengento evame kakhulu ebangela imbangela. Ezinye izici zihlanganisa ukungami kahle, ukungalali kahle, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, nokuqina kwemisipha entanyeni nasekhanda. Izici zemvelo ezifana nokusebenzisa ikhompuyutha isikhathi eside noma ukusebenza ezindaweni ezixakile nakho kungaba nomthelela ekuphathweni kwekhanda elibuhlungu. Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ikakhulukazi i-B12 no-D, kungase kube nendima.

4. Ingabe ubuhlungu bekhanda obucindezelayo bubucayi?

Nakuba ubuhlungu bekhanda obucindezelayo bungase bungathandeki futhi bucindezele, ngokuvamile akubhekwa njengento engathi sína. Kodwa-ke, ngokushesha thintana nodokotela uma ubhekana nekhanda elibuhlungu elivamile noma elinzima eliphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ubuhlungu bekhanda obuqhubekayo bungase bubonise isimo esiyisisekelo sesistimu esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

5. Ingabe ikhanda elibuhlungu lingavinjelwa?

Ikhanda elibuhlungu ngokuvamile lingavinjelwa ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye namasu okulawula ukucindezeleka. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, isimiso sokulala esingaguquki, ukuhlala unamanzi amaningi, nokudla ukudla okunomsoco kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvama kwekhanda elibuhlungu. Izindlela zokulawula ingcindezi ezifana nokuzindla, ukuvivinya umzimba, kanye ne-biofeedback nazo zingase zibe usizo ekuvimbeleni lezi zinhlungu zekhanda.

6. Ingabe akhona amakhambi asekhaya ekhanda elibuhlungu?

Amakhambi amaningana asekhaya angasiza ekudambiseni ubuhlungu bekhanda obushubile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa ukucindezela okubandayo noma okufudumele ebunzini noma entanyeni, ukuzijwayeza amasu okuphumula njengokuphefumula okujulile noma ukuzindla, ukuhlala uhlanzekile, nokuphulula amathempeli noma intamo ngobumnene. Abanye abantu bathola i-aromatherapy ngamafutha abalulekile njenge-peppermint noma i-lavender iwusizo.

7. Ingabe ikhanda elicindezelayo lingahlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zempilo?

Nakuba ubuhlungu bekhanda obucindezelayo buvame ukuba yizinkinga ezizimele, ngezinye izikhathi zingahlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zempilo. Isibonelo, ukuphazamiseka kwe-temporomandibular joint (TMJ), izifo ze-sinus, noma ubunzima beso kungabangela ubuhlungu bekhanda elicindezelayo.