I-Thrombocytopenia: Izimbangela, Izimpawu, Nokwelashwa

Ama-platelet angamangqamuzana egazi angenambala asiza enqubweni yokujiyisa kwegazi. Lapho amazinga e-platelet ephansi egazini, isimo sezokwelapha saziwa ngokuthi i-Thrombocytopenia, futhi kuyinkinga yezokwelapha enzima kakhulu. Iziguli ezinalesi sifo azinawo ama-platelet anele ukwenza ihlule legazi ukumisa ukopha. Uma umuntu elimaza, ukumisa ukopha ngokweqile kungaba nzima ngempela. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo singelashwa uma udokotela esesazi imbangela. I-Thrombocytopenia ingathinta abantu babo bonke ubudala, ubulili, nezinhlanga.

Izinkinga ze-thrombocytopenia

Ezimweni ezingavamile, lesi simo sitholakala njengefa noma ufuzo. Kodwa ngokuvamile, izifo ezithile ezifana ne-Malaria, i-Dengi, i-sepsis, ukuntuleka komsoco we-folate, uvithamini B12, nokuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune kubangela i-thrombocytopenia. Ake sibheke ezinye zezimbangela ezingenzeka ze-thrombocytopenia:  

• Ukuphuza utshwala
• Izifo ze-autoimmune ezidala i-ITP (Immune Thrombocytopenia)
• Ukuphazamiseka komnkantsha njenge-aplastic anemia, i-leukemia, i-myelodysplastic syndrome, njll.
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza njenge imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, njll.
• Ukuchayeka kakhulu kumakhemikhali anobuthi njenge-benzene, izibulala-zinambuzane, ne-arsenic.
• Imithi elwa namagciwane, imithi yokuquleka, izinkinga zenhliziyo, ama-anticoagulants, njll.
• Ukuthola igciwane elifana ne-Hepatitis C, i-HIV, i-EBV, i-CMV, njll.

Izimpawu ze-thrombocytopenia

Abantu abane- platelet count ephansi ababonisi izimpawu eziningi. Ikakhulukazi uphawu lokuqala wukusikwa noma ukopha okunganqamuki ukopha. Ezinye izimpawu ze-thrombocytopenia zingabandakanya okulandelayo:

• Izinsini zokuphuza
• Igazi endle
• Igazi ekuhlanzeni
• Ukugeleza kokuya esikhathini okunzima
• Ukuphuma kwegazi
• Izilonda ezinsomi/Obomvu/ Ezinsundu esikhumbeni
• Amachashazi Amancane Abomvu noma Ansomi ehlisa ingxenye yemilenze. Bangase bafane nokuqubuka.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukubonana nodokotela.

Yelashwa kanjani i-Thrombocytopenia?

Uma unenani eliphansi leplatelet futhi ingabangeli izinkinga, ungase ungadingi noma yikuphi ukwelashwa. Kodwa uma ukopha kakhulu noma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezishiwo esigabeni esingenhla, ungase udinge ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Nalu uhlu lwezindlela zokwelapha udokotela angazisebenzisa,

• I-Platelet Transfusion: Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa ukwandisa isibalo seplatelet egazini okwesikhashana. Ama-platelet ampontshelwa emgudwini wegazi uma isibalo siphansi kakhulu.
• Splenectomy: Kulokhu, kukhishwa ingquza. Ama-spleen akhulisiwe angabangelwa izimo eziningi. Avimbela amangqamuzana egazi ukuba ajikeleze emgudwini wegazi, ngaleyo ndlela abangele ukubalwa kweplatelet ephansi. Ngalokhu kwelashwa, i-spleen iyasuswa, okwandisa inani leplatelet egazini.
• I-Steroids: Uma isimo siyi-autoimmune, iziguli zinikezwa ama-steroid. Bavimbela ukubhujiswa kweplatelet egazini. Isikali esinikezwayo siya kudokotela ngokuya ngokuthi isimo sesiguli sibi kangakanani.

Izinyathelo Zokuqapha Ezizothathwa Kulabo Abane-Thrombocytopenia

Labo abane-platelet count ephansi kufanele balandele amaphuzu alandelayo:

• Gwema imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela ebangela ukopha kwegazi futhi yandise ingozi yokopha (Ibuprofen, Aspirin, njll.).
• Qaphela ngenkathi udlala imidlalo engabangela ukulimala okukhulu.
• Nciphisa ukuthintana namakhemikhali.
• Qaphela lapho ugunda, uxubha amazinyo, futhi ushaya amakhala.
• Nciphisa ukuphuza utshwala.  

Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho kusukela ku- Isibhedlela esihle kakhulu sokwelapha i-thrombocytopenia e-Raipur futhi nixoxe ngezindlela zokwelapha ezingase zibe khona. Ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho, udokotela angase akunikeze imithi ethile.