Izinhlobo ze-Hepatitis

I-Hepatitis yisimo lapho amangqamuzana esibindi evutha khona. Ukuvuvukala kwamangqamuzana esibindi kungase kubangelwe izici ezihlukahlukene ezifana namagciwane, utshwala, izidakamizwa, amakhemikhali, ukuphazamiseka kwezakhi zofuzo, nangenxa yokusebenza ngokweqile kwamasosha omzimba. I-Hepatitis ingaba nzima noma ingapheli kuye ngezimpawu. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hepatitis. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo ezivamile ze-hepatitis ezibangelwa amagciwane e-hepatotropic. Ikakhulukazi kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zamagciwane abangela i-hepatitis. I-Hepatitis A, B, kanye no-C yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-hepatitis kanti i-D no-E zenzeka ngokungajwayelekile.

Uma elinye lala magciwane lingena emzimbeni lihlasela amaseli esibindi futhi amasosha akho omzimba azozama ukulwa negciwane. Amaseli esibindi angase avuvuke futhi uma ukuvuvukala kuqhubeka iminyaka eminingana kungabangela ukulimala kumaseli esibindi. Isibindi sidlala indima ebalulekile kumetabolism yokudla futhi lapho amaseli esibindi ebhujiswa asikwazi ukucubungula izakhi eziningana futhi sivimbele umzimba ekukhipheni ubuthi. Uma ukwelashwa okufanele kungathathwanga kwe-hepatitis ku-a Isibhedlela se-hepatitis eHyderabad, kungabangela izibazi zamangqamuzana esibindi. Lokhu kuzophazamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwesibindi.

Kunezimpawu ezihlukene zohlobo ngalunye lwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo futhi udokotela wakho kufanele enze uhlelo lokwelapha oluhlukile olusekelwe ezimpawini zakho kanye nohlobo lwegciwane. Lawa magciwane ayathelelana. I-Hepatitis A ingasakazeka kalula isuka komunye iye komunye ngamanzi angcolile, ukudla, kanye nokuthintana kwesikhumba nesikhumba nomuntu onaleli gciwane. I-Hepatitis B no-C isakazeka kakhulu ngoketshezi lomzimba nemikhiqizo yegazi. Amagciwane e-Hepatitis angahlasela abantu bayo yonke iminyaka yobudala kanti nomama onaleli gciwane angalidlulisela enganeni ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.

I-hepatitis A

Igciwane le-Hepatitis A libangela i-hepatitis A. Kulolu hlobo lwe-hepatitis; abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu futhi kwezinye izimpawu zingase zivele ngemva kwamasonto amaningi. Ukutheleleka kungasakazeka kalula ngisho nalapho izimpawu zingekho. Isakazeka kakhulu ngamanzi angcolile nokudla.

Izimpawu ze-Hepatitis A kungaba isicanucanu, ukungakuthandi ukudla, umkhuhlane, kanye nesifo sohudo. I-jaundice ingase ivele futhi isikhumba sibukeke siphuzi. Indle iba nombala okhanyayo bese umchamo ube mnyama. Ukuvuvukala okunamandla kwamaseli esibindi kodwa izimpawu zingase zibe namandla. Umuntu angase alulame emasontweni ambalwa. Kodwa, ngenxa yokungavikeleki okuphansi, umuntu angase aqubuke ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa futhi azizwe engcono ngemva kokutheleleka kwesibili.

Odokotela batusa ukuba ugweme ukudla ukudla okungcolile nokuphuza amanzi angcolile ukuze ugweme isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A.

I-hepatitis B

Igciwane le-Hepatitis B libangela isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B. Igciwane lingadlulela kwabanye abantu ngaphandle kokuba nezimpawu. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokutheleleka ngesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B zihlanganisa isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukungakuthandi ukudla, i-jaundice, isifo sohudo, nobuhlungu emisipha.

Ukutheleleka kwe-hepatitis B kungase kuqhubeke izinsuku ezimbalwa noma kuqhubeke njengokutheleleka impilo yonke. Umzimba wakho ungalwa negciwane le-hepatitis B ngaphandle kokudala umonakalo omkhulu kumaseli esibindi. Uma ihlala isikhathi eside ingaholela ngisho nasekufeni okungapheli, isifo sokuqina kwesibindi nomdlavuza wesibindi.

I-Hepatitis B isakazeka kakhulu ngemva kokuhlangana noketshezi lomzimba womuntu onaso njengesidoda, igazi, imikhiqizo yegazi noma ukukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Izindlela ezivamile zokubhebhetheka kwaleli gciwane ukusetshenziswa kwezinaliti ezinegciwane lokwabelana ukuze kusetshenziswe izidakamizwa, ukudweba i-tattoo enenaliti ethelelekile, ukuya ocansini olungavikelekile, ngemva kokuhlanza igazi isikhathi eside, ngemva kokuhlanganyela izinto ezinegciwane njengezixubho noma izindwani zokushefa.

hepatitis C

Igciwane le-Hepatitis C libangela ukutheleleka kwe-hepatitis C. Lolu hlobo lokutheleleka ngegciwane aluvezi zimpawu futhi umuntu onaleli gciwane akazi ngegciwane iminyaka eminingi. Umuntu angaphila isikhathi eside lapho etheleleke ngegciwane le-hepatitis C. Igciwane le-Hepatitis C lingabangela umonakalo omkhulu esibindini ngisho nalapho umuntu engenazo izimpawu. Uma ukwelashwa kungenziwanga kungaholela ekubeni nezibazi kanye ne-cirrhosis yesibindi.

Izimpawu zegciwane le-hepatitis C zihlanganisa ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukukhathala, kanye ne-jaundice.

Ingasakazeka ngokuhlanganyela izinaliti ezinegciwane, ukuya ocansini olungavikelekile, ukwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu njengezinsingo, nezixubho, nokusebenzisa inaliti enegciwane ukuze uzidwebe isikhumba.

I-hepatitis D

Lolu hlobo lwe-hepatitis aluvamile futhi lungenzeka kanye negciwane le-hepatitis B. Kubangela ukuvuvukala kwamangqamuzana esibindi futhi ikakhulukazi kuveza izimpawu lapho umuntu etheleleka ngegciwane lesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B.

I-hepatitis E

I-Hepatitis E ibangelwa igciwane le-hepatitis E. Ukutheleleka okutholakala emanzini futhi kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho ukukhucululwa kwendle kungafanele. Lokhu kutheleleka kwenzeka lapho amanzi okuphuza engcoliswa indle. Ukutheleleka kwesibindi okunamandla futhi kungase kuhambe nokwelashwa okufanele esibhedlela esingcono kakhulu sesifo sesibindi e-Hyderabad.

Izinkinga ze-Hepatitis

• I-Alcohol Hepatitis: Ukuphuza ngokweqile futhi okungapheli kungaholela ekuvuvukeni kwesibindi. I-Alcohol hepatitis yisimo esiqhubekayo esingabangelwa ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala isikhathi eside.
• Isifo Sesibindi Esingesona Utshwala (NAFLD): Lesi simo sibonakala ngokunqwabelana kwamafutha esibindini, okungahlobene nokuphuza utshwala. I-NAFLD ingathuthukela ku-steatohepatitis (NASH) engeyona utshwala, okuwuhlobo olubi kakhulu oluhambisana nokuvuvukala nokulimala kwesibindi.
• I-Autoimmune Hepatitis: Amasosha omzimba ahlasela isibindi ngephutha, okuholela ekuvuvukeni. Imbangela eqondile ye-autoimmune hepatitis ayicaci.
• I-Hepatitis Enobuthi: Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile, izidakamizwa, noma ubuthi kungabangela ukusha kwesibindi. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi imithi ethengwayo, imithi kadokotela, noma izithasiselo zemithi.
• Izinkinga ze-Metabolic: Ezinye izifo ze-metabolic ezizuzwe njengefa, njengesifo sikaWilson kanye ne-hemochromatosis, zingaholela ekushayweni kwesibindi.

Izimpawu Ezivamile Ze-Hepatitis

Uma unohlobo lwe-hepatitis lwesikhathi eside olufana no-B noma u-C, ungase ungaboni izinkinga kuze kube yilapho isibindi sakho sithinteka kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma uthola igciwane le-hepatitis futhi liyinto yesikhathi esifushane (ebukhali), ungaqala ukugula ngemuva nje kwalokho.

Nazi ezinye izimpawu ze-hepatitis ethathelwanayo:

• Ezizwa ekhathele ngempela
• Ukuba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane
• Ukuchama umchamo onombala omnyama
• Ukuba namandle anombala okhanyayo
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu esiswini sakho
• Engafuni ukudla
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kokuzama
• Ukubona umbala ophuzi esikhumbeni nasemehlweni akho (i-jaundice)

I-Hepatitis Yelashwa Kanjani?

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kuncike ohlotsheni lwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo, ukuqina kwaso, nokuthi sishubile noma singamahlalakhona. Nasi isifinyezo sezindlela ezijwayelekile zokwelapha i-hepatitis:

• I-Hepatitis A: I-Hepatitis A imvamisa isifo sesikhashana, futhi abantu abaningi bayalulama ngaphandle kokwelashwa okuqondile. Ukuphumula, ukuphuza amanzi, kanye nokulawula izimpawu ezifana nesicanucanu nomkhuhlane kuyizincomo ezijwayelekile. Umuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis A uyatholakala futhi uphumelela kakhulu ekuvimbeleni.
• I-Hepatitis B: Isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B esinamandla singase singadingi ukwelashwa okuqondile, kodwa isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B esingamahlalakhona singase silawulwe ngemithi elwa namagciwane. Le mithi isiza ukucindezela igciwane futhi inciphise ingozi yezinkinga. Ukugonywa kwe-Hepatitis B kuyisinyathelo sokuvimbela.
• I-Hepatitis C: Imithi elwa namagciwane iwukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C. Intuthuko ekwelashweni iholele emithini ye-antiviral (DAA) esebenza ngempumelelo kakhulu ekwazi ukwelapha izimo eziningi zesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C. Ubude besikhathi nemithi ethile esetshenziswayo incike kuhlobo lwegciwane kanye nezinye izici zomuntu ngamunye.
• I-Alcohol Hepatitis: Isici esibucayi kakhulu sokwelapha isifo sokusha kwesibindi sotshwala ukuzithiba otshwaleni. Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo, okuhlanganisa ukudla okufanele kanye nokulawulwa kwezinkinga, kuvame ukunikezwa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukulaliswa esibhedlela.
• Isifo Sesibindi Esingesona Utshwala (NAFLD) kanye ne-Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH): Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila kubalulekile ekuphatheni i-NAFLD ne-NASH. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukudla okunempilo, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, nokulawula isisindo. Kwezinye izimo, imithi ingase inikezwe ukubhekana nezici ezithile zesimo.
• I-Autoimmune Hepatitis: Imithi ye-immunosuppressive, efana ne-corticosteroids namanye ama-immunosuppressants, asetshenziselwa ukuphatha i-autoimmune hepatitis. Le mithi isiza ekunciphiseni ukuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba esibindini.
• Izinkinga ze-Metabolic: Ukwelashwa kwezifo ze-metabolic ezibangela i-hepatitis kungase kuhlanganise nokulawula isimo esiwumsuka. Isibonelo, isifo sikaWilson singase selashwe ngemithi esusa ithusi eliningi emzimbeni.
• Ukuqapha Okuvamile: Ezimweni eziningi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-hepatitis, ukuqapha njalo ukusebenza kwesibindi nokuqhubeka kwesifo kubalulekile. Lokhu kusiza abahlinzeki bezempilo balungise ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka futhi bahlonze noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi.

Isiphetho

Kubalulekile ukukhomba imbangela ye-hepatitis njenge udokotela wesibindi ongcono kakhulu eHyderabad angakwazi ukuhlela ukwelashwa okufanele ngemva kokwazi imbangela yesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo. Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hepatitis zibangelwa amagciwane ahlukene futhi zingase ziveze izimpawu ezihlukene.