Izindlela Zokugcina amazinga e-Sodium ku-Hyponatremia

I-sodium ngokuvamile ivela oketshezini lomzimba ngaphandle kwamaseli. Kuyiminerali ebalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kwe-neuron enempilo nemisipha, ukulawula uketshezi lomzimba, nokuthumela imizwa yezinzwa. Izimpawu eziningi nezinkinga zempilo zingakhula lapho amazinga egazi e-sodium ehla. 

I-Hyponatremia, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-sodium ephansi equkethwe egazini. Lokhu kubangela ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwamanzi emzimbeni kanye nokuvuvukala kwamangqamuzana.

Le bhulogi izokufundisa izizathu, izimpawu, kanye nendlela yokugcina amazinga e-sodium ngokwemvelo.

Yini Ebangela I-Sodium Ephansi?

• Izinga elijwayelekile le-sodium egazini lika-135 kuya ku-145 milliequivalents ilitha ngalinye (mEq/L. Uma izinga le-sodium yegazi lehla ngaphansi kuka-135 mEq/L, libhekwa njenge-hyponatremia. Amazinga e-sodium aphansi angase abalwe izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zezokwelapha nokukhetha kwendlela yokuphila, njengalokhu:
• Imisebenzi yemvelo yamahomoni nezinso igcina ukugcwala kwe-sodium ngaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile futhi ingathinteka emithini ehlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi alahlekelwa amanzi (ama-diuretics), ama-antidepressants, nezidambisi zinhlungu.
• Lapho umuntu ene-inappropriate antidiuretic hormone syndrome (SIADH), umzimba ukhiqiza amanani amaningi e-antidiuretic hormone (ADH), eyenza umzimba ugcine amanzi esikhundleni sokuwaqeda njalo ngokuchama.
• Uma uketshezi oluningi luhlala emzimbeni ngenxa yezimo ezinjengokwehluleka kwenhliziyo eqinile noma ukugula kwezinso noma isibindi, okuqukethwe kwe-sodium emzimbeni kuyehla.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngokweqile kungabangela amazinga e-sodium aphansi ngoba kuqeda amandla ezinso zokukhipha amanzi.
• Umzimba ulahlekelwa ama-electrolyte njengosawoti ngenxa yokuhlanza njalo, okukhulu noma isifo sohudo nezinye izinkinga ezihlobene nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, okubuye kukhuphule amazinga e-ADH.
• Amandla ezindlala ze-adrenal okukhiqiza amahomoni asiza ekugcineni usawoti, i-potassium, namanzi emzimbeni athintwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwezindlala ze-adrenal (isifo sika-Addison).

Izimpawu Zamazinga Aphansi E-Sodium

Izimpawu nezimpawu zamazinga aphansi e-sodium zingabandakanya:

• Isiyezi, ukukhathala, ukukhathala
• Khulisa ukoma
• Ukudideka kwengqondo
• I-nausea nokuhlanza
• bekhanda
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ama-spasms, noma ama-cramping
• Ukuphelelwa amandla, ukozela, nokukhathala
• Ukungahlaliseki nokucasuka
• ukuquleka
• Coma

Indlela yokwandisa Amazinga eSodium ngokwemvelo?

I-Hyponatremia noma amazinga aphansi e-sodium nawo angavinjelwa ngokwemvelo, nakuba indlela yokwelapha incike ekutheni inkinga inzima kangakanani. Sengikushilo lokho, nazi ezinye izindlela zemvelo zokukhulisa amazinga e-sodium nokuvikela izifo. Ake sibheke ezinye zezindlela zokwandisa amazinga e-sodium:

• Yidla ukudla okunothe nge-sodium: Kubalulekile ukugcina amazinga e-sodium evamile njengoba usawoti ulawula umthamo wegazi, umfutho wegazi, noketshezi lomzimba. Ukudla ukudla okunesodium ephezulu kungenye yezindlela zokwenza lokhu. Uma ufuna ukwandisa inani le-sodium ekudleni kwakho, okunye kokudla okungcono kakhulu ongakudla kufaka phakathi ushizi, imikhiqizo yobisi, izaqathe, amabhisikidi, njll.
• Khulisa ukusebenzisa kwakho usawoti: Umuntu angase anezele usawoti ekudleni kwakhe njengomthombo wokudla we-sodium. Ukudla usawoti wansuku zonke akufanele kube ngaphezu kwamagremu angu-5, njengoba ukwenza kanjalo kungaba yingozi empilweni yakho.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okumaphakathi: Ukuze kugcinwe amazinga e-sodium ehlelekile emzimbeni, amanzi abalulekile. Ukuphuza uketshezi olwanele kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe i-hyponatremia. Nokho, ukuphuza ngokweqile kungase kube inkinga. Ngokuvamile, ukoma nombala womchamo yizinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthi umuntu udinga amanzi angakanani. Uma umchamo wakho uphuzi ngokukhanyayo, awuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni futhi uphuza amanzi anele.
• Lapho umatasatasa, sebenzisa uketshezi: Umuntu kufanele adle iziphuzo zezemidlalo ezinothe nge-electrolyte kanye nempilo. Lezi ziphuzo zihlanganisa inhlanganisela yemisoco, okuhlanganisa ushukela, ama-electrolyte, namanzi, okungakusiza ukuthi ubhekane ne-hyponatremia, ebangelwa ukujuluka ngokweqile noma ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• Khomba futhi welaphe noma yiziphi izifo eziwumsuka: Amazinga e-sodium angase ehle ngenxa yezinkinga eziningi zezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa nesifo sezinso noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwezindlala ze-adrenal. Ngakho-ke, ukwelapha lezi zimo zezokwelapha ngosizo lukadokotela kuyisu elingcono kakhulu lokulawula amazinga akho e-sodium ezimweni ezinjalo.

Ungalufuna Nini Usizo Lwezempilo?

Noma ubani onezimpawu ezinzima ze-hyponatremia, njengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, ukudideka, ukuquleka, noma ukuquleka, kufanele akhulume nodokotela oyi-Nephrologist. Ukwengeza, uma isiguli sisengozini ye-hyponatremia futhi sihlushwa isicanucanu, ubuhlungu bekhanda, amajaqamba, noma ubuthakathaka, shayela udokotela ngokushesha.

Amakhambi Asekhaya Ukwandisa Amazinga Akho E-Sodium

Nawa amakhambi asekhaya angasiza:

• Faka Usawoti Ekudleni Kwakho: Sebenzisa usawoti (okungcono usawoti one-iodized) ukuze ubeke ukudla kwakho ngokusesilinganisweni. Gwema ukudla usawoti ngokweqile, kodwa ukwanda okulawulwayo kungasiza ekukhuphuleni amazinga e-sodium.
• Phuza Iziphuzo ze-Electrolyte: Ukusebenzisa iziphuzo zezemidlalo noma izixazululo ze-electrolyte kungasiza ukugcwalisa i-sodium namanye ama-electrolyte alahlekile ngenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma izimo ezithile zempilo.
• Faka Ukudla Okucebile Nge-Sodium: Hlanganisa ukudla okunesodium eningi ngokwemvelo, okufana namakhukhamba, iminqumo, amantongomane anosawoti, amasobho ethini (khetha izinketho ezine-sodium ephansi uma kungenzeka), kanye nenyama egayiwe (ngokulinganisela).
• Yidla Ukudla Okungenamsoco Ngosawoti: Ukudla okulula ekudleni okufana nama-pretzels, ama-crackers anosawoti, noma ama-popcorn anosawoti owengeziwe ukwandisa ukudla kwe-sodium.
• I-Hydrate Ngokufanele: Qinisekisa ukuthi uphuza amanzi anele, njengoba ukugeleza kwamanzi okulungile kusiza ukugcina ibhalansi ye-electrolyte, kuhlanganise ne-sodium.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kwe-hyponatremia kuyehluka kuye ngobukhulu bayo kanye nembangela ewumsuka. Izimo ezithambile zingase zingadingi ukungenelela, kuyilapho izimo ezinzima kakhulu zingadinga usizo lwezokwelapha ukuze kukhushulwe amazinga e-sodium egazini. Ngokuhambisana nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, kubalulekile ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izici ezinomthelela njengokuthatha uketshezi ngokweqile noma imithi ethile ebingaholela ku-hyponatremia.

Imithi

Imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-hyponatremia ihlose ukuphakamisa amazinga e-sodium egazini, kuye ngokuthi isimo sinzima kangakanani nokuthi yini eyabangela:

• Ukuvinjelwa Kwe-Fluid: Ngezinye izikhathi, ukunciphisa nje ukuthi uphuza kangakanani kungasiza ukulinganisa amazinga e-sodium, ikakhulukazi ezimeni ezithambile.
• Amaphilisi Kasawoti: Odokotela bangase bakunikeze amaphilisi noma izixazululo ngosawoti ukwandisa amazinga e-sodium emzimbeni wakho.
• I-Diuretics (Amaphilisi Amanzi): Le mithi isiza umzimba wakho ukukhipha uketshezi oluthe xaxa, okungathuthukisa amazinga e-sodium.
• I-Vasopressin Receptor Antagonists: Lezi zidakamizwa zivimbela imiphumela ye-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-vasopressin, esiza ukunciphisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi nokwandisa i-sodium egazini lakho.
• I-Hypertonic Saline: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, odokotela bangakunikeza isisombululo esiqinile sikasawoti ngokusebenzisa umthambo ukuze ukhuphule ngokushesha amazinga e-sodium.

Amakhambi asekhaya okwandisa amazinga e-sodium

Nakhu ukudla okulula okungasiza ukwandisa amazinga e-sodium:

• Amasobho: Khetha amasobho asemathinini, ikakhulukazi lawo abhalwe njenge-high-sodium noma i-sodium evamile.
• I-pizza: Jabulela i-pizza ngezithako ezifana noshizi, i-pepperoni, noma iminqumo, enesodium ephezulu.
• Ijusi Yemifino: Khetha amajusi emifino anosawoti owengeziwe noma i-sodium.
• Ukhukhamba: Yidla ukhukhamba noma imifino efakwe emanzini anosawoti njengokudla okulula noma eduze nokudla.
• Ukudla okunosawoti okunosawoti: Ukudla okunamantongomane anosawoti, ama-pretzels, noma ama-crackers anosawoti.
• Inyama Ecutshunguliwe: Faka phakathi inyama egayiwe njengobhekeni, isoseji, noma inyama edliwayo ekudleni kwakho.

Isiphetho

Impilo yakho jikelele kanye nokuphila kahle kuncike ekugcineni ibhalansi ye-sodium efanele emzimbeni wakho. Uma unamazinga e-sodium aphansi, ukwandisa inani lokudla okucebile nge-sodium okudlayo, ukuphuza iziphuzo zezemidlalo noma iziphuzo ze-electrolyte, nokucabangela ukuthatha izithako zikasawoti kungasiza. Xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingajabulisi, njengekhanda elibuhlungu noma isicanucanu, ikakhulukazi uma usuvele unezinkinga ezingapheli, njengenhliziyo noma ukwehluleka kwezinso.

Izibhedlela ze-CARE zinikeza ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kubantu okutholakale ukuthi bane-Hyponatremia. Isibhedlela siyisikhungo sokwenza kahle kakhulu esinenhlanganisela yochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaqeqeshwe kakhulu nabanekhono kanye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili. Siyaziqhenya ngokusebenzisana nabanye odokotela abaphambili baseNdiya ku-nephrology ngayinye kanye ne-urology subspecialty.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Q1. Ngokushesha kangakanani ukwandisa amazinga e-sodium? 

Izimpendulo. Uma unamazinga e-sodium aphansi, ukwandisa inani lokudla okucebile nge-sodium okudlayo, ukuphuza iziphuzo zezemidlalo noma iziphuzo ze-electrolyte, nokucabangela ukuthatha izithako zikasawoti kungasiza. Ngokuya ngobumbi besimo sakho, ithimba lezokwelapha lingathatha amahora amaningi noma izinsuku ukubuyisela amazinga akho e-sodium.

Q2. Isiphi isithelo esinesodium ephezulu? 

Izimpendulo. Amazinga e-sodium yemvelo ku imango, ama-apula, amapheya, amakhabe, amagwava, upopo, uphayinaphu, nezinye izithelo zisukela ku-1 kuye ku-8 mg ngamagremu ayi-100.

3. Isiphi isithelo esine-Sodium ephezulu?

Izithelo ngokuvamile azinawo amazinga aphezulu e-sodium. Nokho, ezinye izithelo uthanda ubhanana futhi i-avocados babe nenani elincane le-sodium uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye.

4. Ingabe amanzi okuphuza ayayinyusa i-sodium?

Ukuphuza amanzi ngokwako akukhulisi amazinga e-sodium emzimbeni. Eqinisweni, ukuphuza amanzi ngokweqile ngaphandle kokugcwalisa i-electrolyte okwanele kunganciphisa amazinga e-sodium egazini, okuholela ku-hyponatremia (amazinga aphansi e-sodium).

5. Kwenzekani uma i-sodium iphansi?

Amazinga e-sodium aphansi (hyponatremia) angabangela izimpawu ezisuka komnene kuya ezinzima, kuhlanganise isicanucanu, bekhanda, ukudideka, umsipha ama-cramps, ukuquleka, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukukoma noma ukufa uma kungelashwanga ngokushesha.

6. Yiziphi izindlela zokwandisa izinga le-sodium egazini?

Izindlela zokwandisa amazinga e-sodium egazini zihlanganisa:

• Ukudla ukudla okunothe nge-sodium, njengokudla okunosawoti omningi, ukhukhamba, nokudla okuthile okugayiwe.
• Ukuthatha izithasiselo zesodium ngomlomo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela.
• Ukuphathwa kwe-Intravenous (IV) yesisombululo saline ezimweni ezinzima ze-hyponatremia.

7. Iyini izinga le-sodium evamile egazini?

Ibanga elijwayelekile lamazinga e-sodium egazini ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-135 kuya ku-145 amamilliequivalents ilitha ngalinye (mEq/L). Lobu bubanzi bungase buhluke kancane kuye ngelabhorethri kanye nezimo ezithile zezokwelapha.