Iyini I-Osteoporosis Futhi Ibangelwa Yini?

Kwamathambo yisifo lapho amathambo elahlekelwa ukuminyana futhi abe ntekenteke. Kubangelwa ukulahleka kwezicubu zamathambo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okungasheshiswa yizinto ezithile ezinjengokubhema noma ukudla okungenampilo.

Abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-200 emhlabeni wonke bahlushwa i-osteoporosis. E-India kuphela, kuneziguli ezicishe zibe yizigidi ezingama-50 ze-osteoporosis. Nakuba kuthinta kokubili amadoda nabesifazane, abesifazane basengozini ephindwe kane yokuyithola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-30% yabesifazane kanye ne-40% yamadoda angaphezu kuka-50 izoba nokuphuka okuhlobene ne-osteoporosis empilweni yabo. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Osteopenia.

Izimpawu ze-Osteoporosis

Izimpawu nezimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-osteoporosis ubuhlungu emhlane noma kwamanye amathambo omzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile. Ezinye izimpawu zihlanganisa:

• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• ubuhlungu Joint
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda
• Ukulahleka kobude ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukushintsha kwesimo (kungenzeka ugobe)
• Amathambo aqinile

Izinkinga ze-Osteoporosis

I-osteoporosis ingaqondwa ngisho nangaphandle kokwazi ukuthi kungani iqala. Izicubu eziphilayo nezikhulayo zakha amathambo akho. Emathanjeni anempilo, ingaphakathi lifana nesipontshi. Le ndawo ibizwa ngokuthi ithambo le-trabecular. Kukhona ungqimba lwangaphandle lwethambo eliminyene elizungeze ithambo eliyisipontshi. Igobolondo eliqinile lethambo laziwa ngokuthi i-cortical bone.
 
Amathambo asekela umzimba futhi avikele izitho ezibalulekile ku-osteoporosis, kodwa futhi agcina i-calcium namanye amaminerali. Uma kwenzeka i-osteoporosis, izimbobo/izikhala "esipontshini" zikhula ngosayizi nenombolo, okwenza buthaka ingaphakathi lethambo. Lapho i-calcium idingeka, umzimba uphula ithambo ukuze uthole i-calcium futhi ulakhe kabusha nge-calcium eyengeziwe. Ngale ndlela, i-calcium inganikezwa umzimba ngenkathi igcina amandla ethambo ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi ukulungisa amathambo.
 
Eminyakeni yakho yakamuva, uvame ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngokushesha kunokuba usithole, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwamathambo kancane kancane. Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini nokukhulelwa kungaba ezinye izici ezingadala noma zibe zimbi kakhulu i-osteoporosis.

I-Osteoporosis Ivame Kangakanani?

I-osteoporosis yisimo esivame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala. Ukuvama kwayo kuyahlukahluka kuye ngezinto ezifana neminyaka, ubulili, kanye nendawo. Nazi izibalo ezijwayelekile mayelana nokusabalala kwe-osteoporosis:

• Abesifazane vs. Amadoda: I-osteoporosis ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane kunabesilisa. Abesifazane basengozini enkulu ngenxa yezinto ezifana noshintsho lwamahomoni ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwamathambo.
• Isici esihlobene nobudala: Njengoba abantu bekhula, ingozi ye-osteoporosis iyanda. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala, ikakhulukazi labo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.
• Ukudla kwe-calcium ephansi: Labo abadla i-calcium ephansi ekudleni kwabo bangase babe namathuba aphezulu okuthinteka nge-osteoporosis.

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Osteoporosis

Ukwelashwa kwe-osteoporosis kuhloswe ukuqinisa amathambo, ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwethambo okuqhubekayo, nokunciphisa ingozi yokuphuka. Indlela eqondile yokwelashwa ingase ihluke kuye ngezici zobungozi zomuntu ngamunye, ukuminyana kwamathambo, kanye nempilo iyonke. Amasu ajwayelekile okuphatha i-osteoporosis ahlanganisa:

• Imithi: Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi etholakalayo yokwelapha i-osteoporosis. Udokotela uzonikeza imithi ethile yokwelapha i-osteoporosis ngemva kokuxilonga isimo kahle, ngokuya ngeminyaka, isigaba kanye nezinga lobuhlungu.
• Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila: Ukwamukela imikhuba yokuphila enempilo kungasiza ekulawuleni i-osteoporosis:
• Ukuzivocavoca Okuvamile: Ukuzivocavoca okuthwala isisindo, ukuqeqeshwa ukumelana, nokuzivocavoca umzimba kungathuthukisa amandla amathambo futhi kunciphise ingozi yokuwa.
• Ukudla Okunomsoco: Yidla ukudla okunothe nge-calcium, uvithamini D, nezinye izakhi ezibalulekile empilweni yamathambo.
• Ukugwema Ukubhema Notshwala Obudlulele: Ukubhema nokuphuza ngokweqile kungase kube nomthelela ekuwohlokeni kwamathambo; ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa le mikhuba kuyancomeka.
• Ukuvimbela Ukuwa: Ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuvimbela ukuwa kubalulekile ukugwema ukuphuka:
• Izinyathelo Zokuphepha Zasekhaya: Susa izingozi ezikhubekayo, faka izinsimbi zokubamba, qinisekisa ukukhanya okufanele, futhi usebenzise omata abangasheleli.
• Amadivayisi Asizayo: Sebenzisa izinduku noma izihambi uma kudingeka ukuze uzinze nokuphepha.
• Ukuhlola Ukuminyana Kwamathambo Okuvamile: Ukuhlola ukuminyana kwamathambo ngezikhathi ezithile kusiza ukuqapha impilo yamathambo nokuhlola ukusebenza kokwelashwa.

Izinhlelo zokwelapha kufanele zenziwe zibe ngezomuntu siqu ngokusekelwe ezimweni ezithile zomuntu kanye nomlando wezokwelapha. Ukubonisana nochwepheshe bezempilo, njengodokotela onguchwepheshe kwezempilo yamathambo (njenge-endocrinologist noma i-rheumatologist), kubalulekile ukuze kutholwe indlela yokwelapha efaneleke kakhulu yokulawula ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo.

Itholakala Kanjani I-Osteoporosis?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-osteoporosis kwenziwa nguchwepheshe wezokwelapha esebenzisa ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo. Ukuhlolwa kwesithombe okulinganisa amandla amathambo akho kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlola ukuminyana kwamathambo. Ikala inani le-calcium namanye amaminerali emathanjeni akho kusetshenziswa ama-X-ray.

Ukuhlolwa kokuminyana kwamathambo kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-DEXA, DXA, noma izikena zokuminyana kwamathambo ngochwepheshe bezokwelapha. Zonke lezi yizihloko ezihlukene zokuhlolwa okufanayo.

Ukuhlola ukuminyana kwamathambo kukala okuqukethwe kwamaminerali kanye nokuminyana kwamathambo akho kusetshenziswa imithamo ephansi yama-X ray. Ifana ne-X-ray evamile. 

Lokhu kuhlolwa akubandakanyi imijovo noma izinaliti.

Indlela elula yokuxilonga i-osteoporosis ngaphambi kokuba ibangele ukuphuka kwethambo ukuhlola ukuminyana kwakho kwamathambo. Uma une-osteopenia, uneminyaka engaphezu kuka-50, noma unomlando womndeni we-osteoporosis, udokotela wakho angase akweluleke ukuthi uhlole ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo.

Indlela Yokuvimbela I-Osteoporosis?

Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela i-osteoporosis ngokuvamile ukuzivocavoca nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudla kwakho kuqukethe inani elanele le-calcium ne-vitamin D. Inkambo yesenzo esiphezulu kuwe nempilo yakho yamathambo izonqunywa ngokubambisana nodokotela wakho.

Ukuze wehlise amathuba okulimala, sebenzisa lezi zeluleko ezijwayelekile zokuphepha:

• Gqoka ibhande lakho lesihlalo ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Gqoka igiya elifanele lokuphepha uma ubamba iqhaza kunoma yimiphi imidlalo nemisebenzi.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi akukho okungakukhubekisa noma abanye endlini yakho noma endaweni osebenza kuyo.
• Lapho ufinyelela noma yini ekhaya, sebenzisa amathuluzi afanele noma okokusebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ungalokothi ume phezu kokusebenzela, amatafula, noma izihlalo.
• Namathela kuhlelo lokujima olunempilo nokudla okunomsoco.
• Uma unenkinga yokuhamba noma kungenzeka uwe, sebenzisa isihambi.

Ubani Osengozini Ye-Osteoporosis?

• Ubuzwe bowesifazane bungathinta nokuthi maningi kangakanani amathuba okuba ahlaselwe yi-osteoporosis. Abesifazane base-Afrika-baseMelika nabase-Hispanic bavame ukuba sengozini yokuthola i-osteoporosis. Izinga lokufa ngemva kokuphuka kwenyonga liphezulu kwabesifazane base-Afrika-baseMelika kunabesifazane abamhlophe.
• Uhlaka lomuntu nesisindo sakhe kuthinta ingozi ye-osteoporosis. Abantu abanozimele abancane nezisindo ezilula basengozini enkulu.
• Ungase ube sengozini enkulu ye-osteoporosis uma unomlando womndeni we-osteoporosis. Ngokwesibonelo, kungenzeka ukuthi baphuka okhalweni ngemva kokuwa okuncane.
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha kanye nemithi, kuhlanganise nezinye ezihlotshaniswa namazinga ama-hormone angavamile, zingandisa ingozi yakho ye-osteoporosis.

Isiphetho

Ukuphetha, uma usuvele uphethwe yi-osteoporosis, unganciphisa izinga lokulahleka kwamathambo ngenkambo ethile yokwelashwa. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha uma ubhekana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ze-osteoporosis ukuze ugweme noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle. Uzinakekele! Hlala Uphephile!