Udinga Nini Ukubona Udokotela Ohlinza Imithambo?

Futhi kuudokotela ohlinzayo ungudokotela oqeqeshwe kakhulu ogxile ekuxilongeni nasekwelapheni izifo ze-vascular system. Uhlelo lwe-vascular luqukethe imithambo, imithambo, i-lymphatics nama-capillaries athwala igazi ne-lymph kuwo wonke umzimba. Odokotela abahlinza imithambo baphatha izimo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amahlule egazi, imithambo ye-varicose, i-aneurysms, i-lymphedema, izilonda ezinyaweni zesifo sikashukela kanye nesifo se-peripheral artery. Benza izinqubo ezihlasela kancane kanye nokuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuze kubuyiselwe ukugeleza kwegazi. 

Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngokuthi umuntu angase adinge nini ukubona udokotela ohlinza imithambo yegazi, izimo abaziphathayo, kanye nezimpawu ezibonisa ukubonisana kwemithambo yegazi kufanelekile. 

Ubani Udokotela Ohlinza Imithambo?

• Udokotela ohlinza imithambo uqede iminyaka emi-5 yesikole sezokwelapha, iminyaka emi-3 yokuqeqeshwa kokuhlinzwa okujwayelekile bese kuba iminyaka emi-3 yokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kokuhlinza ukuhlinzeka nge-vascular.
• Bangochwepheshe kulo lonke uhlelo lwe-vascular kuhlanganise ne-arterial, venous, ne-lymphatic circulatory systems.
• Odokotela abahlinza imithambo belapha izimo ezifana nesifo se-peripheral artery, varicose veins, deep vein thrombosis, aneurysms, nokunye ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi.
• Bayadlala amasu angena kancane, njenge-angioplasty ne-stenting kanye nezinqubo zokuhlinzwa ezivulekile ezihlanganisa ukuxhunyelelwa kwe-bypass.
• Odokotela abahlinza imithambo basebenza eduze nongoti benhliziyo, i-radiology, i-podiatry, nokunakekelwa kwamanxeba ukuze bathuthukise imiphumela yesiguli.

Yini Eletha Abantu Kudokotela Ohlinza Imithambo?

Kunezizathu ezimbalwa umuntu angase abhekiswe kuzo noma athintane nodokotela ohlinza imithambo yegazi:

• Ukuba sengozini yezifo zemithambo yegazi, njengesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu, ukubhema, ukukhuluphala noma umlando womndeni.
• Ukuba nezimpawu zesifo semithambo njengobuhlungu bomlenze nokuhamba, imilenze evuvukele, izilonda/izilonda emilenzeni noma ezinyaweni.
• Ukuthola ukuthi unesifo se-vascular esidinga ukwelashwa okufana nesifo se-peripheral artery, i-varicose veins, noma i-aortic aneurysm yesisu.
• Ukubhekana nesimo esifana ne-ischemia ebucayi ye-ischemia noma i-gangrene edinga ukuvuselelwa kwemithambo ukuze usindise isitho.
• Ukufuna umbono wesibili ngemva kokutshelwa isimo se-vascular kudinga ukunqunywa.
• Ukuba nesimo esiphuthumayo semithambo efana ne-a ihluli, i-aneurysm ephukile, noma unhlangothi.

Izimpawu Eziyisi-8 Ongase Uzidinge Ukuze Ubone Uchwepheshe Wemithambo

Nazi izimpawu ze-8 nezimo ezibonisa ukubonisana nodokotela ohlinzayo we-vascular kungase kuqinisekiswe:

1. Diabetes

Isifo sikashukela sisho lapho umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukulawula amazinga kashukela ngendlela efanele. 

• Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukukhuphuka kweglucose yegazi kubangela ukulimala emithanjeni yegazi nasemithanjeni yegazi. 
• Lokhu kuholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis esibonakala ngokuncipha nokuvaleka kwemithambo evimbela ukugeleza kwegazi. 
• Ukuncipha kokujikeleza kwegazi kuncisha izicubu nezitho umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba, okuholela ezinkingeni. 
• Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokugeleza kwegazi kuyelulekwa iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ukuze kuqashwe impilo yemithambo yegazi futhi kungenelele kusenesikhathi uma kukhona isifo esitholakalayo. 

2. Imilenze ibuhlungu uma uhamba

I-Claudication yisimo esidala ubuhlungu bomlenze nokuminyana okuqala ngemva kokuhamba ibanga elifushane. 

• Ubuhlungu buyadanjiswa ngokuphumula futhi buxazulule ngokushesha lapho umsebenzi umisiwe. 
• Claudication imiphumela evela isifo se-artery se-artery, okuwukuncipha kwemithambo enciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni. 
• Lapho uhamba, imilenze ayitholi umoya-mpilo owanele ngenxa yokuvinjwa kwemithambo. 
• Ukuphumula kuvumela isidingo somoya-mpilo emisipheni ukuthi sinciphe, sikhulule izinhlungu. 
• Ubuhlungu bomlenze obuvela ngokuzikhandla akufanele bunganakwa, ngoba bungabonisa ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza okuyisisekelo njengesifo se-peripheral artery esidinga ukwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa.

3. Uxilongwa Nge-Vascular Condition

I-Peripheral artery disease (PAD) isifo esivamile sokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi okubangelwa i-atherosclerosis, okuwukwakheka koqweqwe olusezindongeni zemithambo yegazi. 

• Lokhu kunciphisa imithambo futhi kwenza kube nzima ukuthi igazi lihambe ngendlela evamile. 
• I-PAD ivame ukuba nomthelela emithanjeni ehlinzeka imilenze kodwa ukuvinjelwa ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis kungenzeka futhi emithanjeni yezinso, isisu, izinyawo, i-pelvis, nangaphezulu. 
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-PAD noma noma yikuphi ukuvaleka kwendawo kwemithambo kusho isifo se-vascular esithuthukisiwe esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze sinqande izinkinga ezinjengokulimala kwezicubu noma ukulahleka kwezitho. 
• Ezinye izimo ezivamile zemithambo yegazi lapho iziguli zidluliselwa khona kudokotela ohlinza imithambo i-deep venous thrombosis, i-aneurysms, isifo se-carotid, isifo se-aorta, kanye nezilonda ezingapholi ezinyaweni zesifo sikashukela. 

4. Utshelwe ukuthi Ukunqunywa yikhona kuphela inketho

Iziguli eziningi ziye zagwema ukunqunywa kwezitho zomzimba ngokufuna umbono wesibili kodokotela abahlinza imithambo abanolwazi olunikeza ezinye izindlela zokwelapha kulezi zimo. 

• Abahlinzeki bakho bokunakekelwa kwezempilo bangakusiza ekuqoqeni amarekhodi ezempilo afanelekile kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa ngaphambi kokubonana kokuqala. 
• Uchwepheshe wemithambo yegazi uzobuyekeza ngokuphelele udaba lwakho futhi akweluleke nganoma yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo ezinconyiwe ukuze uqonde isimo sakho ngokuningiliziwe. 
• Okuhlangenwe nakho okubanzi ekuphatheni ngempumelelo iziguli ezibhekene nokunqunywa okungase kube khona ngokusebenzisa amasu okungewona okuhlinzwa noma okuhlinza kuye kwaboniswa lapho iziguli zithola umbono wesibili.

5. Imilenze ivuvukele, ibuhlungu futhi ishintshe umbala, futhi iba namanxeba noma izilonda

Isizathu esivamile salesi simo isifo esingelapheki se-venous. I-Varicose vein iyimbangela evamile yesifo esingelapheki se-venous. Lezi yimithambo enwetshiwe, esontekile ebonakala ngaphansi kwesikhumba amadoda nabesifazane abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-30 abanayo. 

• Imithambo ye-Varicose ingathuthukela ekungaphumeleli kwe-venous okungapheli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuvimbele ukugeleza kwegazi okufanele libuyele enhliziyweni. 
• Nakuba ekuqaleni kuyinkinga yezimonyo, imithambo ye-varicose ingaba yisimo sezempilo esibucayi. 
• Ukubonisana nochwepheshe we-vascular kungasiza ukuhlola nokwelapha imithambo ye-varicose ezigabeni zokuqala. 
• Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlasela kancane ziyatholakala ezikhungweni ezikhethekile ezinikezelwe ukuxilonga kanye nokubhekana nezimo ze-venous.

6. Ubhekana nobuhlungu obungalindelekile, obukhulu beqolo nesisu

Lokhu kungase kubonise i-aortic aneurysm. 

• I-aneurysm yenzeka lapho umthambo wegazi uba buthaka futhi uqhuma. 
• Ku-aorta yesisu, umthambo omkhulu osuka enhliziyweni uye esifubeni nasesiswini, kungaba yingozi enkulu empilweni. 
• Amahlule egazi nawo angakheka, avimbe ukugeleza kwegazi futhi abangele ubuhlungu, ukuba ndikindiki, ukulimala kwezicubu okungase kube khona, kanye nengozi yokunqunywa isitho. 
• Ukubonisana nodokotela onedumela lemithambo yegazi kubalulekile, njengoba bengakwazi ukuhlola ukuthi i-aortic aneurysm yesisu ikhona yini futhi banikeze ukwelashwa okudingekayo. 
• Ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha lapho lolu phawu luvela kunikeza ithuba elingcono kakhulu lokuvimbela imiphumela engase ibe yingozi yokuqhekeka. i-aortic aneurysm.

7. Kungazelelwe ube nokungaboni kahle nokuluma, ukuba ndikindiki, nokuba buthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba wakho. Ungase futhi uzizwe udidekile

• Ukushaywa unhlangothi kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni kuphazamiseka, okubangelwa ukuvaleka okuphuca umoya-mpilo (ischemic stroke) noma ukuphuka komkhumbi (i-hemorrhagic stroke). 
• Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjwe ukulimala kobuchopho unomphela, ukukhubazeka noma ukufa, njengoba imivimbo ingabulala ngokushesha izicubu zobuchopho. 
• Uma wena noma othandekayo ubonisa lezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela ngokushesha. 
• Ukwelapha isifo se-carotid ngokuhlinzwa noma i-stenting kungavimbela imivimbo ephindaphindayo futhi kugweme umcimbi okhubazayo. 
• Izinqubo ezintsha ezihlasela kancane njenge-TCAR (TransCarotid Artery Revascularization) nazo zingasiza ekuvimbeleni imivimbo kulabo abasengozini. 
• Ukuqaphela izimpawu nokwenza ngokushesha kuyisihluthulelo sokuvimbela ukulimala okuhlala njalo okuvela ku-stroke.

8. Izinkinga Zokugaya ukudla

• Umzimba wakho uncike ekujikelezeni kwegazi okunempilo kugaye kahle ukudla okudliwe futhi amunce izakhamzimba ezibalulekile. 
• Ukugeleza kwegazi okuncishisiwe kungonakalisa le nqubo, kubangele izimpawu zesisu esivame ukungaziwa kahle. 
• Lezi zimpawu zibonisa isidingo sokuthintana nochwepheshe bemithambo yegazi ukuze ahlole ukujikeleza kwakho konke. 
• Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kanye nokuhlelwa kokwelashwa okwenziwe ngokwezifiso okugxile ekubuyiseleni ukugeleza kwegazi kanye nokwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo kungasiza ekuxazululeni lezi zinkinga zokugaya ezibangelwa ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi engozini. 
• Ungangabazi ukuxhumana nochwepheshe uma kuphakama izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, njengoba ukubuyisela ukujikeleza kuyisihluthulelo.

9. Ukuvuvukala komlenze omude njenge-lymphedema

• I-Lymphedema yisimo esibonakala ngokuvuvuka kwezitho zomzimba, ngokuvamile izingalo noma imilenze, ngenxa yokunqwabelana koketshezi lwe-lymphatic.
• Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-lymphatic drainage, okungabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene ezifana nokuhlinzwa, ukuhlukumezeka, noma ukungajwayelekile kokuzalwa.
• Uchwepheshe ekuhlinzeni imithambo kuqinisekisa ukuxilonga ngokucophelela, ukukhomba izinkinga ze-vascular kumsuka we-lymphedema.
• Sihlome ngenhlawulo yokuhlinza, senza izinqubo ezithuthukisiwe ezifana ne-lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) kanye ne-vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) ukuze sithuthukise ukuphuma kwe-lymphatic.
• Ukusebenzisana kubalulekile, futhi sihlanganisa ngaphandle komthungo sibe yithimba lemikhakha eminingi, siqinisekisa indlela eyanele nephumelelayo yokuphatha i-lymphedema.
• Ngale kwegumbi lokuhlinza, sithatha indima yokuba uthisha nomsekeli, siqondise iziguli ekuzinakekeleni, ukwelapha ngokucindezela, kanye nokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila ukuze sibe nempilo enhle.
• Ukuzibophezela kwethu ezinkambisweni zokuziphatha akuqinisekisi nje kuphela ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusezingeni eliphezulu kodwa futhi kunomthelela edumeni lethu njengodokotela ohlinza imithambo onozwela nothembekile eTelangana.

Isiphetho

Odokotela abahlinza imithambo bangochwepheshe ekuxilongeni nasekwelapheni zonke izimo ezithinta isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi. Banokuqeqeshwa okubanzi ekuphathweni kwezokwelapha nokuhlinzwa kwezifo zemithambo. Umuntu kufanele acabangele ukubonana nodokotela ohlinza imithambo yegazi uma enezici eziyingozi njengesifo sikashukela noma izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu bomlenze nokuhamba. Izimo ze-vascular zidinga ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile. Ukubona udokotela ohlinza imithambo yegazi ngokushesha kungavimbela ukuqhubeka kwesifo, ukukhubazeka, kanye nosongo lokulahlekelwa izitho zomzimba kwezinye izimo. Banikeza kokubili izinketho zokuhlinza ezingavamile nezivulekile ukuze kubuyiselwe ukugeleza kwegazi.