Ukushoda kweZinc: Izimpawu Nezimpawu, Izimbangela, Ukwelashwa

I-Zinc idlala indima ebalulekile emisebenzini engaphezu kuka-300 ebalulekile yomzimba, kodwa izigidi emhlabeni wonke zihlushwa ukushoda kwe-zinc ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Le mineral ebalulekile isekela izivikeli mzimba ukusebenza, ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda, nokukhula nokuthuthuka okufanele. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola ukushoda kwe-zinc, izimpawu zayo, izimbangela, nezindlela zokwelapha. Abafundi bazofunda ukuthi bangazibona kanjani izimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-zinc, baqonde izici zayo eziyingozi, futhi bathole izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela nokwelapha lesi simo esivamile somsoco.

Kuyini Ukuntuleka kweZinc?

Ukuntuleka kwe-Zinc kwenzeka lapho umzimba ungenawo amanani anele ale mineral ebalulekile ukuze wenze imisebenzi yawo ebalulekile. Lesi simo sithinta cishe abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili ezifundeni ezisathuthuka emhlabeni wonke, okwenza kube ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwezempilo emhlabeni jikelele.

Njenge-mineral ebalulekile, i-zinc yenza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile emzimbeni womuntu:

• Ukulwa nezifo nokusekela imisebenzi yokuzivikela komzimba
• Ukukhiqiza amaseli amasha kanye ne-DNA
• Ukusekela ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda
• Ukugcina imizwa yokunambitha nephunga
• Ukukhuthaza ukukhula nokuthuthuka okufanele
• Ukusiza empilweni yokuzala

Umzimba womuntu awukwazi ukugcina amanani abalulekile e-zinc, ngakho-ke udinga ukudla okuvamile noma ukudla okungeziwe. Lokhu kwenza ukugcinwa kwamazinga e-zinc anele kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni nempilo yonke.

Izimpawu Nezimpawu Zokuntula Zinc

Izimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-zinc zivame ukukhula kancane kancane futhi zingathinta izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba. 

• Izinguquko Zomzimba Nezinzwa: Umzimba ubonisa izimpawu ezihlukahlukene lapho amazinga e-zinc enganele:
  • Ukulahlekelwa izinwele kanye noshintsho ekubunjweni kwezinwele
  • Ukushintsha noma ukunciphisa umuzwa wokuhogela nokunambitha
  • Izinzipho eziqinile ezinemigqa emhlophe nemifantu evundlile
  • Amanxeba alulama kancane futhi izinkinga zesikhumba
  • Akuchaziwe kwesisindo futhi yehla ukudla
  • Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, okuhlanganisa isifo sohudo
• Umthelela Wengqondo Nokuthuthukisa: Ukuntuleka kwe-Zinc kungathinta ukusebenza kwezinzwa, okuholela ku:
  • Ukwehliswa kwamakhono okwazi kanye nokufunda
  • Ukuqapha okuncishisiwe nokugxilisa ingqondo
  • Ukuphazamiseka kwezimoto ezinganeni ezingase ziqhubeke nokuba abantu abadala
• Isistimu Yamasosha omzimba Esengozini: Amasosha omzimba aba sengozini ikakhulukazi lapho amazinga e-zinc ephansi. Abantu ngabanye bangase babe sengozini eyengeziwe yokungenwa izifo nokuvuvukala. Ukwengeza, ukukhishwa okuphezulu kwe-histamine kungenza abantu bathambekele kakhulu ekwaleni.
• Umthelela ekukhuleni: Ezinganeni, ukushoda kwe-zinc kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, okungase kubambezele ukukhula futhi kubambezele ukuvuthwa kwezocansi. Lezi zimpawu zingase zingabonakali ngokushesha, futhi ukuntula kungase kuthathe izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuze kubonakale.

Izinkinga zokuntuleka kweZinc

Kunezici eziningana ezingaholela emazingeni e-zinc anganele emzimbeni, kusukela ekukhethweni kokudla kuya ezimeni zezokwelapha. Izimbangela eziyinhloko zihlanganisa izinkinga zokumuncwa kwe-zinc ekudleni kanye nokudla okunganele. Okulandelayo ezinye zezizathu ezivamile zokushoda kwe-zinc:

• Izimo Zempilo: Izimo ezihlukahlukene zesistimu zingandisa ingozi yokuntuleka kwe-zinc, kuhlanganise:
  • Izifo ze-gastrointestinal ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn
  • Isifo sezinso ezingapheli
  • Isifo sesibindi
  • Diabetes
  • Isifo se-sickle cell
  • ukutheleleka nge-HIV
• Imithi: Eminye imithi (i-thiazide diuretics, ama-antibiotics, ne-sodium valproate) ingaphazamisa ukumuncwa kwe-zinc noma yandise ukulahleka kwayo ngomchamo. Abantu abaphethwe i-hemodialysis noma labo abanesifo sohudo esingamahlalakhona bangase balahlekelwe i-zinc ngokweqile.
• Izici Zokudla Nendlela Yokuphila: Ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kungaba yingozi enkulu njengoba i-zinc evela emithonjeni yezilwane imunca kangcono kunemithombo yezitshalo. Abadla imifino nama-vegans bangadinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile ukudla kwabo i-zinc. Ukuba khona kwezinto ezifana nama-phytates (atholakala kumifino kanye nezinhlamvu eziphelele) kanye nama-oxalates (akhona kusipinashi namantongomane) kunganciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-zinc.
• Ukukhulelwa Nokuncelisa: Bandisa izidingo ze-zinc, nezidingo ezikhuphuka ngokuphindwe kabili ngalezi zikhathi. 
• Amaqembu Abantu Abakhethekile: Abantu abadala asebekhulile babhekene nengozi eyengeziwe ngenxa yokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kokudla kanye nezinhlobonhlobo. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ezigulayo zingase zibe nokuntuleka kwe-zinc, ikakhulukazi uma omama bazo bebenokuntuleka kwe-zinc okuncane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Kutholakala Kanjani Ukuntula I-Zinc?

Nakuba zikhona izindlela eziningi zokuhlola, ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile kudinga indlela ebanzi.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-plasma yegazi kuseyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokuxilonga, nakuba kudinga izinqubo zokuqoqa eziqondile ukuze kube nokunemba. 

Amazinga e-zinc avamile ngokuvamile aqala phakathi kuka-70 kuya ku-250 μg/dl kubantu abadala, nokushoda okuncane okubonakala lapho amanani ehla aze afike ku-40 kuya ku-60 μg/dl. Kodwa-ke, lezi zivivinyo zingase zingahlinzeki ngemiphumela enokwethenjelwa ezimweni zokuntula okuncane, okwenza ukuxilongwa kube nzima kakhulu.

Okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile enqubweni yokuxilonga kuhlanganisa:

• Amasampula wokuzila ukudla kwasekuseni ngokunemba okuphelele
• Ukusetshenziswa kwama-anticoagulants ane-zinc ephansi
• Ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele kanye nokucutshungulwa kwamasampula egazi
• Ukuhlolwa komlando wezokwelapha kanye nezici zobungozi
• Ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu zamanje

Ngenkathi ukuhlolwa komchamo nokuhlaziywa kwezinwele kuyizinketho ezitholakalayo, ngokuvamile kuthathwa njengokungathembeki kangako ekuhlolweni kokuntuleka kwe-zinc. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu ihlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri nokuhlola kahle umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli, imikhuba yokudla, nezici eziyingozi.

Ukwelashwa kokuntuleka kweZinc

Ukwelashwa kokuntuleka kwe-zinc ngokuvamile kuqala ngokufakwa ngomlomo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela. 

• Izithako: Kubantu abadala abanokuntuleka okuncane, ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kuhilela i-20 kuya ku-40 mg ye-zinc supplementation yansuku zonke, evame ukuxazulula izimpawu zomtholampilo phakathi kwamaviki angu-1-2. Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo badinga 11 kuya ku-12 mg ngosuku, kuyilapho imithamo yezingane ihluka ngeminyaka:
  • 3 mg / ngosuku izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-4
  • 5 mg / ngosuku izingane 4-8 iminyaka
  • 8 mg / ngosuku izingane 9-13 iminyaka
• Ukuguqulwa Kwezokudla: Ukuphatha isikhathi eside kugxile ekushintsheni kokudla. Odokotela bavame ukutusa ukuba kuhlanganiswe ukudla okune-zinc okunjengenyama ebomvu, inyama yenkukhu, imbewu, igciwane likakolweni nelayisi lasendle. Abadla imifino bangathola i-zinc ngobhontshisi obhakiwe, ama-cashews, uphizi, nama-alimondi.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Ukunakekelwa Okuphuthumayo Kwezokwelapha kuyadingeka uma othile ehlangabezana:

• Isiyezi esiqhubekayo noma isicanucanu
• ezinzima izinhlungu zekhanda lokho ngeke kwehle
• Ukulahlekelwa kokwazi
• Uhudo ehlala izinsuku ezimbalwa
• Izimpawu ezinzima ezingachazeki

Prevention

Ukuvimbela ukuntuleka kwe-zinc kuqala ngokwenza ukukhetha okuhlakaniphile kokudla nokugcina imikhuba yokuphila enempilo. 

• Izinketho Zokudla: Ukudla okunomsoco kuhlala kuyinsika yokuvimbela ukuntuleka kwe-zinc. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokugcina amazinga e-zinc anele ukusebenzisa ukudla okunothe nge-zinc. Abantu kufanele bafake imithombo ehlukahlukene ekudleni kwabo kwansuku zonke:
  • Inyama ebomvu nezinkukhu
  • Oyster kanye nezilwane zasolwandle
  • Imbewu negciwane likakolweni
  • Irayisi lasendle
  • imikhiqizo yobisi
  • Ubhontshisi obhakiwe nama-chickpeas
• Kwabadla Imifino namaVegan: Labo abalandela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni badinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile ukudla kwabo i-zinc. Kufanele bagxile ekudleni amantongomane, imidumba, nokusanhlamvu. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumuncwa kwe-zinc emithonjeni yezitshalo, bangacwilisa ubhontshisi emanzini amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuwupheka ukuze banciphise ama-phytate aphazamisa ukumuncwa kwe-zinc.
• Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila: Ngaphandle kwezinguquko zokudla, ukulungiswa okuningana kwendlela yokuphila kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuntuleka kwe-zinc. 
  • Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukumuncwa kwe-zinc
  • Ukugcina impilo enhle yamathumbu ngokudla okunothe nge-fiber kanye nemikhiqizo evutshiwe 
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo badinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ekuthathweni kwe-zinc, njengoba izidingo zabo zanda kakhulu phakathi nalezi zikhathi. Odokotela bavame ukutusa i-3 mg eyengeziwe ye-zinc nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukusekela ukukhula okufanele kwengane.

Isiphetho

Ukugcina amazinga e-zinc afanele kuqala ngokuqwashisa futhi kuqhubeke ngokukhetha okungaguquki kokudla. Kungakhathaliseki ngokuhlela ukudla ngokucophelela noma ukwesekwa okugadiwe, wonke umuntu angathatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuntuleka kwe-zinc. Abantu abaningi bathola impumelelo ngokulungisa ukudla okulula, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukwesekwa okwengeziwe ngezithako zokudla nokuqapha njalo.

Khumbula ukuthi ukushoda kwe-zinc, nakuba kubi kakhulu, kusabela kahle ekwelashweni okufanele. Isenzo esisheshayo lapho uqaphela izimpawu, kuhambisana nesiqondiso sezokwelapha esisebenzayo, ngokuvamile kuholela emiphumeleni emihle.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Kwenzekani uma i-zinc iphansi emzimbeni?

Lapho amazinga e-zinc ehla, izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba ziyathinteka. Abantu bangase balahlekelwe isisindo ngendlela engachazeki, ukuncipha kokuzwa iphunga nokunambitha, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwamasosha omzimba. Umzimba uyazabalaza ukukhiqiza amaseli amasha anempilo, okuholela ekubambezelekeni kokuphola kwesilonda kanye izinkinga zesikhumba.

2. Ingabe i-zinc ephansi ingakugulisa?

Ukushoda kwe-zinc kungalimaza amasosha omzimba, okwenza abantu babe sengozini yokuthola izifo. Abantu abanamazinga e-zinc aphansi bavame ukuzwa ukwanda kwezifo futhi bangase babe nesifo sohudo esingapheli. Ikhono lomzimba lokulwa nezifo liba nokonakala kakhulu.

3. Ngingawathuthukisa kanjani amazinga e-zinc ngokushesha?

Indlela eshesha kakhulu yokuthuthukisa amazinga e-zinc ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yokuguqulwa kokudla kanye nezithako ezingaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha. Ukudla okuphezulu ku-zinc kufaka:

• Inyama ebomvu nezinkukhu
• kwaselwandle
• Ukudla okuphelele 
• imidumba
• imikhiqizo yobisi

4. Isiphi isifo esibangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-zinc?

Ukuntuleka kwe-Zinc kungaholela ezimweni ezehlukene zempilo, ikakhulukazi ezithinta ukukhula, umsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba, kanye nempilo yesikhumba. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kubangele i-acrodermatitis enteropathica, ukuphazamiseka okungajwayelekile okuthinta ukumuncwa kwe-zinc. Lesi simo sithinta kakhulu ukukhula kwezingane futhi singabambezela ukukhula kocansi.

5. Ubani osengozini yokuntuleka kwe-zinc?

Amaqembu amaningana abhekene nezingozi eziphezulu zokuthuthukisa ukuntula kwe-zinc:

• Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo
• Abantu abanezinkinga zokugaya ukudla
• Imifino kanye nemifino
• Abantu abadala abadala
• Abantu abanenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala

6. Yikuphi ukudla okuphezulu ku-zinc?

Ama-oyster aqukethe inani eliphakeme kakhulu le-zinc phakathi kwakho konke ukudla, ahlinzeka ngama-milligrams angu-74.1 ekusetshenzisweni kwama-ounce angu-3. Eminye imithombo emihle kakhulu ihlanganisa:

• Inkalankala (6.48 mg ngama-ounces amathathu)
• Inyama yenkomo eyosiwe (8.44 mg ngama-ounces amathathu)
• Ilobster (6.18 mg ngama-ounces amathathu)
• Uphizi (1.5 mg nge-100 gm)