Ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili Yokunakekelwa Kwangaphambi Kokubeletha (ANC) kwenziwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ukuze kuhlolwe impilo yonke kamama kanye nengane ekhulayo. Ngokuvamile kunconywa phakathi ne-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa futhi ingasiza ekuboneni izimo zezokwelapha ezivele zikhona noma izinkinga zempilo ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa. izigaba zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Izimo zezempilo ezingabonakala ngosizo lokuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubalwa i-anemia, isifo sikashukela, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane afana ne-hepatitis ne-HIV, nokunye. Empeleni, ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC kusiza ukuthola noma yimaphi amaphutha noma ukukhathazeka ngezempilo kumama nosana kusenesikhathi, okuqinisekisa ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuze bobabili baphephe. 

Iyini iphrofayili ye-ANC?

Ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC wukuhlolwa kokuxilonga okusebenzisa amasampula egazi nomchamo wowesifazane okhulelwe. Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili njengengxenye ye-ANC kusho ukuhlaziywa okuphelele kwesimo sezempilo sikamama kanye nosana olusakhula luyenziwa. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC ingase iveze izimo zezempilo ezintsha noma esezivele zikhona ezidinga ukungenelela kwezokwelashwa, okuthi uma ziyekwa zingelashwa zingabangela ukulimala komama nosana.

Ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC kubandakanya lezi zivivinyo ezilandelayo:

• Isibalo segazi esiphelele (CBC)
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo okuvamile
• Iqembu legazi kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-Rh factor
• Ukuhlolwa kweGlucose (ushukela) - ukuzila ukudla, i-postprandial (PP), nokungahleliwe
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV 1 kanye ne-HIV 2
• I-Hemoglobin electrophoresis (HPLC)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Syphilis - Ukuhlolwa kwe-plasma esheshayo noma ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL
• Hlola i-rubella infection

Inhloso Yokuhlolwa Kwephrofayili ye-ANC

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwephrofayili ye-ANC kuyanconywa ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa njengoba kusiza ukubona ukuthi kukhona noma yikuphi izifo ezithathelwanayo noma izimo lokho kungalimaza ukukhulelwa. Ukuhlolwa phakathi nale trimester kusiza ekulawuleni noma ekugwemeni izinkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imininingwane yokuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC ingahlonza noma yiziphi izingozi enganeni esakhulayo, okwenza abazali bakwazi ukuthatha izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuvimbela.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC?

Umbiko wokuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC uyasiza odokotela bezifo zabesifazane ekuhloleni impilo yonke kamama kanye nokuhlonza izimo zempilo ezingase zibe nomthelela kumntwana osakhulayo. Amasampula omchamo negazi atholwe esigulini ahlaziywa elabhorethri kusetshenziswa imingcele ehlukahlukene. Okunye ukuhlola kwenziwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu, kanti okunye kudinga imishini ethile ukuze ihlaziywe.

Inqubo yokuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC

Ukuze kuhlolwe iphrofayili ye-ANC, kudingeka amasampula amabili ahlukene: isampula yegazi kanye nesampula yomchamo. Ukuze kuqoqwe isampula yegazi, i-phlebotomist ngokuvamile isetshenziswa. I-phlebotomist ithola umthambo engalweni bese ihlanza indawo ngoketshezi olubulala amagciwane. Igazi libe selikhishwa emthanjeni kusetshenziswa inaliti eyinyumba bese lifakwa eshubhuni ukuze lihlaziywe okwengeziwe. Ukuqoqa isampula lomchamo, isitsha singanikezwa isiguli, esingakwazi ukuzilanda ngokwaso.

Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC

Inhloso eyinhloko yokuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC ukuthola ukuthi umama okhulelwe unazo yini izimo zempilo noma izinkinga ezingase zibe nomthelela ekukhuleni okujwayelekile nokukhula kwengane yakhe. Ukuhlolwa kwe-ANC kusiza ukuhlonza noma yiziphi izimo zezempilo, okuvumela abahlinzeki bezempilo ukuba banikeze ukwelashwa okufanele kanye nemithi.

Ungalulungiselela kanjani Ukuhlolwa Kwephrofayili ye-ANC?

Ngaphambi kokuthi kuqoqwe isampula, isiguli ngokuvamile sidingeka ukuthi sizile ukudla isikhathi esithile, njengoba kwelulekwa udokotela owelaphayo, ngokuvamile amahora angu-8-10. Ngalesi sikhathi sokuzila ukudla, isiguli kufanele sikugweme ukudla noma iziphuzo ngaphandle kwamanzi. Kubalulekile ukuthi isiguli sazise udokotela nganoma yimiphi imithi esiyithathayo, okuhlanganisa kokubili imithi kadokotela nezithasiselo, njengoba lezi zinto zingase ziphazamise ukuhlolwa. Ukwengeza, ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV-1 kanye ne-HIV-2 kungase kudinge ukugcwaliswa kwamafomu emvume.

Amanani Emiphumela Yokuhlolwa Kwephrofayela ye-ANC

Ukuhlolwa okuningana komuntu ngamunye kwenziwa njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwephrofayela ye-ANC, ngakunye nesethi yayo yamanani avamile noma ububanzi bereferensi. Lobu bubanzi obujwayelekile bungase buhluke kuye ngokuthi ilabhorethri ethile lapho amasampula ahlaziywa khona. Ngezansi, sinikeza ububanzi obujwayelekile bereferensi kwezinye izivivinyo.

• Ngokuhlolwa kwe-HIV, HBsAg, ne-VDRL: Uma umama etholakala enegciwane kunoma yisiphi salezi zifo (HIV, ukusha kwesibindi, noma ugcunsula), kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele futhi unikeze ukwelashwa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ku-fetus.

• Amaqembu egazi: Kokubili amaqembu egazi likamama kanye nelombungu ayahlolwa ukuze kutholakale noma yikuphi ukungahambisani okungaholela ezinkingeni zokubeletha.

• I-Hemoglobin electrophoresis: Uma i-hemoglobin engavamile, njenge-hemoglobin C noma E, itholwa, umama angase adinge ukwelashwa okuqondile ukuze avimbele izinkinga. Umphumela oqondile ungase futhi ukhuthaze ukuhlolwa kwengane ukuze kubhekwe lezi zinkinga zegazi

Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC?

Ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC kuwukuhlola okuphelele okuhlola impilo ngokusekelwe kumapharamitha amaningi. Ngenxa yalokho, inikeza izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise:

• Ukuhlola impilo kamama nengane.
• Ukuhlonza nokuvimbela izinkinga zesigaba sokuqala ekukhulelweni.
• Ukwelapha izimo zempilo ezingase zibe nomthelela emntwaneni.
• Ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezitholakele ku-fetus ekhulayo.
• Ukunciphisa ingozi yokushona kwezingane nomama.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC (ukunakekelwa kwabakhulelwe) kuwukuhlola okubalulekile okusetshenziselwa ukuqapha impilo yonke yowesifazane okhulelwe futhi kulandelelwe ukukhula nokuphila kahle kwengane. Ngokuvamile kunconywa ngesikhathi ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, lokhu kuhlola kuvumela ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwanoma ikuphi okungavamile.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa 

1. Kusho ukuthini ukuba ne-ANC ephansi? 

Izimpendulo. I-ANC ephansi ingase ingabi yimbangela yokukhathazeka. Uma inani le-ANC lingaphansi kwe-1000, udokotela angase ancome indlela ethile yokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma inani le-ANC lehla libe ngaphansi kuka-500, kungase kukhathazeke kakhulu, njengoba isiguli singase sibhekane nengozi enkulu yokutheleleka.

2. Kusho ukuthini i-ANC ephezulu ekuhlolweni kwegazi? 

Izimpendulo. Inani eliphezulu le-ANC lingathinta, njengoba lingabonisa ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo. Kungase futhi kubangele ukucindezeleka okukhulu, okudinga ukuphathwa ukuze kuvinjwe izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo.

3. Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC kuyimpoqo? 

Izimpendulo. Ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC akukona ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile. Kunconywa udokotela ukuthi aqaphe impilo kamama nengane.

4. Ingabe bukhona ubungozi obuhambisana nokuhlolwa? 

Izimpendulo. Abukho ubungozi obuhambisana nokuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-ANC; kunalokho, inikeza isithombe esicacile sempilo yonke kamama kanye nomthelela wayo ongaba khona enganeni ekhulayo. Lolu lwazi lusiza ekuboneni noma yiziphi izingozi zempilo kumama kusenesikhathi, okuvumela ukuba kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuvikela izinkinga.