I-Calcium Blood Test

Umzimba womuntu uthembele ku-calcium ngaphezu kwamathambo namazinyo aqinile; isiza futhi ekufinyezweni kwemisipha kanye nokusayina kwemizwa. Ukuhlolwa kwe-calcium kusebenza njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokuxilonga elisiza odokotela bakhombe izimo zempilo ezihlukene ezingase zinganakwa. Ukuhlolwa kuhlola amazinga e-calcium egazini ngokudonsa igazi okujwayelekile, okukwenza kube indlela esheshayo nesebenzayo yokuhlola amazinga e-calcium emzimbeni. Amazinga egazi e-calcium avamile egazini abonisa ukusebenza kahle kwezitho zomzimba, kuyilapho imiphumela engavamile isiza odokotela ukuhlonza izinkinga zempilo ezingaba khona ezidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha.

Kuyini Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Le-Calcium?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-calcium kuyindlela yokuxilonga ekala inani le-calcium egazini. Leli thuluzi lokuhlola elibalulekile liza ngezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene: isamba sokuhlolwa kwe-calcium ne-ionized calcium test. Isamba sokuhlolwa kwe-calcium sikala i-calcium ekhululekile futhi eboshiwe, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa kwe-calcium e-ionized kulinganisa ngokunembile i-calcium engaboshiwe noma 'yamahhala' egazini.

I-calcium iyiminerali egcwele kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu, cishe i-99% igcinwe emathanjeni nasemazinyweni. Kodwa-ke, i-1% esele ikhona egazini, edlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yomzimba. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-calcium kusiza odokotela baqaphe la mazinga ngempumelelo.

Ukuhlolwa kusebenzela izinjongo eziningi ekuhloleni impilo iyonke. Odokotela bavame ukukufaka kumaphaneli e-metabolic ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba okujwayelekile. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-calcium kusiza ukukhomba izimo ezihlukahlukene ezithinta:

• Umsebenzi wenhliziyo nemisipha
• Ukusayina kwemizwa
• Impilo yemithambo yegazi
• Ukukhululwa kwama-hormone
• Ukujiya kwegazi
• I-Bone metabolism

Kungani Ngidinga Ukuhlolwa KweCalcium?

Odokotela bathembele ekuhlolweni kwe-calcium njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokuhlonza izimo zezempilo ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Izifo zamathambo, kuhlanganise ne-osteoporosis
• Izinkinga ze-Parathyroid ezithinta ukulawulwa kwe-calcium
• Izimo zezinzwa nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwezinzwa
• Izifo zezinso, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zokwehluleka kwezinso
• Ukuqapha umdlavuza, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza webele, wamaphaphu, wekhanda nentamo
• Ukuhlolwa okuningi kwe-myeloma nokulandelela ukwelashwa 
• Abantu abafakwe izinso
• Iziguli ezithatha i-calcium noma i-vitamin D Izithako
• Iziguli ezithatha imithi ethile ethinta amazinga e-calcium kufanele zihlolwe njalo. Le mithi ihlanganisa ama-bisphosphonates, i-corticosteroids, i-lithium, nama-diuretics athile.

Odokotela bavame uku-oda ukuhlolwa kwe-calcium lapho iziguli zibonisa izimpawu ezithile ezingase zibonise ukungalingani kwe-calcium:

• Izinkinga Zokugaya: Ukuqunjelwa, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu
• Izimpawu Zomzimba: Amajaqamba emisipha, ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala
• Izimpawu Zemizwa: Ukuluma kweminwe nasezinyaweni
• Ezinye Izinkomba: Ukoma okwandayo, ukuvuthwa njalo, ukulahlekelwa ukudla

Inqubo yokuhlolwa kweCalcium

Inqubo yokuhlola i-calcium ihilela ukudonsa igazi okuqondile noma inqubo yokuqoqa umchamo odokotela abayenzayo kuzilungiselelo zokunakekelwa kwempilo. 
Ngenqubo yokuhlolwa kwegazi, odokotela balandela lezi zinyathelo ezibalulekile:

• Gcoba i-tourniquet engalweni engenhla
• Hlanza indawo yomjovo nge-antiseptic
• Faka inaliti emthanjeni
• Qoqa igazi kumashubhu okuhlola akhethekile
• Susa inaliti bese usebenzisa ingcindezi
• Faka ibhandishi phezu kwendawo yokubhoboza

Kulabo abadinga ukuhlolwa kwe-calcium yomchamo wamahora angu-24, abasebenzi bezokwelapha bahlinzeka ngeziqukathi ezikhethekile zokuqoqa wonke umchamo okhiqizwa ngosuku olugcwele.

Uzilungiselela Kanjani Ukuhlolwa KweCalcium?

Awekho amalungiselelo akhethekile adingekayo ekuhlolweni kwegazi okuyisisekelo kwe-calcium. Nokho, odokotela bangase badinge iziguli ukuba zilandele imihlahlandlela ethile:

• Yeka ukuphuza imithi ethile okwesikhashana:
  • Ama-antacid aqukethe i-calcium
  • I-diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi)
  • Izithako ze-Vitamin D
  • Imithi eyenziwe nge-lithium
• Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-calcium kuyingxenye yephaneli ye-metabolic ephelele, ukuzila ukudla amahora angu-8-12 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kungase kudingeke. Iziguli kufanele ziphuze amanzi kuphela ngalesi sikhathi. Udokotela uzocacisa uma ukuzila ukudla kuyadingeka ngokusekelwe ekuhloleni okuthile okwenziwayo.
• Iziguli kufanele zigqoke izingubo ezikhululekile ezikwazi ukufinyelela kalula ezingalweni, njengoba igazi lizokhishwa emthanjeni. Nakuba ukuhlolwa ngokwako kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela, ukuvumela isikhathi esengeziwe sokubhalisa nokulungiselela endaweni yokuhlola kuyanconywa.

Amanani Emiphumela Yokuhlola I-Calcium

Amazinga e-calcium avamile egazini kubantu abadala ngokuvamile awela phakathi kwamamiligremu angu-8.5 kuya ku-10.2 ngedesilitha ngayinye (mg/dL). Odokotela bacabangela izici ezimbalwa lapho betolika imiphumela, njengoba ububanzi obujwayelekile buhluka ngokusekelwe kulokhu:

• Amaqembu eminyaka yobudala nezigaba zokuthuthuka
• Ukwehluka okuqondene nobulili
• ukukhulelwa Isimo
• Izinguquko zesizini ngenxa yamazinga kavithamini D

Amanani abalulekile adinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. 

• Amazinga angaphezu kuka-12 mg/dL abonisa i-hypercalcemia enzima.
• Amazinga angaphezu kuka-15 mg/dL enza isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. 
• Amazinga angaphansi kuka-8 mg/dL angase abonise ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwezempilo.

Isho Ukuthini Imiphumela Engavamile

Amazinga aphezulu e-calcium (hypercalcaemia) angabonisa izimo eziningana:

• Izindlala ze-parathyroid ezisebenza ngokweqile
• Izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta amathambo
• Izifo zamaphaphu, kuhlanganise ne-sarcoidosis nesifo sofuba
• Isifo sikaPaget sethambo
• I-myeloma eminingi
• Hyperthyroidism

Amazinga e-calcium aphansi (hypocalcaemia) angaphakamisa:

• Izindlala ze-parathyroid ezingasebenzi
• Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin D
• Ukuhluleka kwezinso
• Pancreatitis
• Isifo se-Celiac
• Izinkinga ze-Malabsorption

Ubukhulu be-hypercalcemia bunquma ukuphuthuma kokwelashwa. 

• I-hypercalcemia emaphakathi isuka ku-10.5 iye ku-11.9 mg/dL
• I-hypercalcemia emaphakathi iwela phakathi kuka-12.0 no-13.9 mg/dL. 
• Amazinga we-hypercalcaemic crisis angaphezu kuka-14.0 mg/Dl ngokuvamile adinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlolwa kwe-calcium okuvamile kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunakekelweni kwezempilo okuvimbelayo, okuvumela odokotela ukuthi bakhombe izinkinga zempilo ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zibe izinkinga ezinkulu. Ikhono lokuhlola lokulinganisa kokubili amazinga e-calcium ephelele kanye ne-ionized lisiza odokotela ukuthi benze ukuxilonga okunembile futhi balungise izinhlelo zokwelashwa ngempumelelo. Imvelo eqondile yokuhlolwa, kuhlanganiswe namandla ako okuxilonga abanzi, ikwenza kube yingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlolwa kwezempilo okujwayelekile kanye nokuhlolwa okukhethekile kwezokwelapha. Odokotela bangasebenzisa le miphumela ukuze bathuthukise amasu okwelapha ahlosiwe, baqinisekise imiphumela elungile yesiguli ngokutholwa kusenesikhathi nokungenelela.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Kwenzekani uma i-calcium iphezulu?

Amazinga e-calcium aphezulu, aziwa ngokuthi i-hypercalcaemia, angaba nomthelela omkhulu emisebenzini ehlukahlukene yomzimba. Lapho amazinga e-calcium enyuka ngaphezu kobubanzi obujwayelekile, iziguli zingase zithole:

• Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, njengokuqunjelwa, isicanucanu, ukungakuthandi ukudla
• Ukoma okwandayo nokuchama njalo
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha nokukhathala
• Izinguquko zengqondo, kuhlanganise nokudideka nokucindezeleka
• Ubuhlungu bethambo namatshe ezinso

2. Kwenzekani uma i-calcium iphansi?

Amazinga e-calcium aphansi, noma i-hypocalcaemia, angabangela imiphumela yezempilo esheshayo neyesikhathi eside. Izimpawu zokuqala zingase zibe ezicashile kodwa zingadlulela ekubonakalisweni okubi kakhulu:

• Amajaqamba emisipha kanye nama-spasms
• Ukuluma kweminwe, izinzwane, nobuso
• Isikhumba esomile nezinzipho eziphukayo
• Ukudideka kanye nezinkinga zenkumbulo
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu

3. Liyini izinga leCalcium elijwayelekile?

Ibanga elivamile le-calcium egazini ngokuvamile liwela phakathi kwamamiligremu angu-8.5 kuya ku-10.2 ngedesilitha ngayinye (mg/dL). Odokotela bacabangela lawa manani kanye nezinye izici ezifana neminyaka, ubulili, kanye nesimo sezempilo sisonke lapho betolika imiphumela.

4. Iyini inkomba yokuhlolwa kweCalcium?

Odokotela batusa ukuhlolwa kwe-calcium lapho iziguli zibonisa izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwamathambo, izinkinga zezinso, noma izimo ze-parathyroid. Izinkomba ezivamile zihlanganisa ukukhathala okungachazwanga, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, noma ubuhlungu bamathambo. Ukuhlolwa kuba semqoka kakhulu ukuze kuqashwe izimo ezithinta ukumuncwa kwe-calcium noma i-metabolism.

5. Ubani odinga ukuhlolwa kwe-calcium?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-calcium kubalulekile emaqenjini amaningana abantu:

• Iziguli ezinesifo sezinso noma ukwehluleka
• Abantu abane-parathyroid disorder
• Labo abathatha imithi ethinta amazinga e-calcium
• Iziguli ezinomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi ngokubandakanyeka kwamathambo
• Abantu abanezinkinga zokumuncwa
• Abantu abanokuntula kwe-vitamin D