I-Fasting Blood Sugar Test (FBS) ukuhlolwa kwe-quantitative serological okwenziwa ukukala izinga likashukela (glucose) egazini. Udokotela angase atuse lokhu kuhlola ukusiza ekuxilongweni kwesifo sikashukela nokuqapha amazinga kashukela ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela. Amalungiselelo akhethekile angase adingeke ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, njengoba kwelulekwa udokotela.

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-FBS?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-FBS ukuhlola ushukela osegazini okusetshenziselwa ukuhlola isifo sikashukela kanye nesandulela ngculazi. Kuyanconywa futhi ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe bahlole isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. IGlucose ihlanganiswa ngumzimba ukuze ikhiqize amandla. Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke i-glucose esetshenziswa umzimba ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi ihomoni ye-insulin isiza ukugcina nokukhulula i-glucose njengoba kudingeka. Izinga likashukela egazini livamise ukukhuphuka ngemva kokudla futhi ngokuvamile likhuphuke cishe ihora ngemva kwalokho. Ukuhlolwa kokuzila ushukela kunganikeza imiphumela esheshayo futhi kubonise izinga le-glucose yegazi. 

Kufanele ngikuthole nini lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-FBS?

Isifo sikashukela noma i-prediabetes ngokuvamile azibonisi izimpawu ekuqaleni. Odokotela kanye abahlinzeki bezempilo batusa ukuhlolwa kwegazi amazinga kashukela ngenkathi uzila ukudla ngezizathu ezimbalwa:

• Uma umuntu enezimpawu zesifo sikashukela noma enomlando womndeni noma izici engcupheni yesifo sikashukela.
• Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ukuhlola isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.
• Njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile ukuqapha amazinga kashukela egazi lomuntu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Lapho umuntu eke wabhekana namazinga aphezulu eglucose egazini.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-FBS Ekhaya

Ukuhlolwa kwe-FBS kungenziwa ekhaya kusetshenziswa i-blood glucose monitor. Kwenziwa ngokushesha lapho evuka, ngaphambi kokuba umuntu adle noma yikuphi ukudla noma isiphuzo, noma amahora amabili ngemva kokudla lapho amazinga kashukela egazini ebuyela kokujwayelekile. 

Ukuqapha Okuqhubekayo kweGlucose 

Enye inketho yokuzila ukuhlolwa kwegazi likashukela ekhaya ukuze isetshenziswe nsuku zonke i-continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Nge-CGM, umuntu onesifo sikashukela ugqoka umshini wokuqapha ushukela wegazi usuku lonke, enikeza isithombe esinembile sokushintshashintsha kwamazinga kashukela egazini lomuntu.

Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa kwe-FBS    

Ukuhlolwa kukashukela wegazi kwe-FBS kusetshenziselwa ukuqapha amazinga kashukela egazini kanye nokuxilonga i-prediabetes noma isifo sikashukela kubantu ngabanye, kanjalo isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ngokujwayelekile lokhu kuhlolwa kunconywa ngudokotela osola ukuthi izinga likashukela liyenyuka noma lehlile emzimbeni. Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga likashukela egazini kungadala izimo zezempilo ezifana ne-hypoglycemia ne-hyperglycemia. Ukuhlolwa kwe-FBS kungasiza futhi ukuqapha ukuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela.

Ukulungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-FBS    

Ukuhlolwa kokuzila ushukela wegazi kungenziwa emtholampilo kadokotela, elebhu, noma esibhedlela. Njengoba igama liphakamisa, ukuzila ukudla kuyadingeka ukuze kuhlolwe ushukela. Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, izinga le-glucose yokuzila ukudla liphansi kakhulu, elilinganiswa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-FBS. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu salokhu kuhlolwa kusesekuseni lapho umuntu engazange akudle ukudla noma isiphuzo isikhathi eside. Ukuze ulungiselele ukuhlolwa koshukela wegazi lokuzila ukudla, kufanele uyeke ukudla noma ukuphuza isikhathi esingamahora angu-8 kuya kwayi-12. 

Inqubo yokuhlolwa kwe-FBS 

Ukuze kuhlolwe igazi le-FBS, igazi lithathwa emthanjeni osengalweni yesiguli. Le nqubo ngokuvamile yenziwa i-phlebotomist, ehlanza indawo ezungeze indololwane ngezinjongo zokukhucululwa kwendle futhi ifake ibhande engalweni engaphezulu. Khona-ke, udokotela we-phlebotomist usebenzisa inaliti ehlanzekile ukuze akhiphe igazi engalweni alifake esitsheni ukuze lihlolwe elabhorethri.

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-FBS    

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-FBS ingatholakala ngokushesha lapho kusetshenziswa umshini wokuqapha ushukela wegazi, noma ingase itholakale emahoreni ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa koshukela egazini lokuzila ikalwa nge-mg/dL noma mmol/L. Ibanga elijwayelekile lokuhlola i-FBS lamanani okuhlola ushukela wegazi lokuzila ukudla ngokuvamile libhekwa lingaphansi kuka-140 mg/dL noma u-7.8 mmol/L.

Ibanga elijwayelekile lokuhlolwa kwegazi lokuzila kanye nolunye uhla lokuzila ukudla lokuhlola ushukela.

Uma isiguli sinezinga eliphakeme likashukela wegazi lokuzila ukudla, udokotela angase atuse ukuphinda ukuhlolwa ukuze aqinisekise imiphumela ngaphambi kokuhlinzeka ngokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela futhi ahlanganise uhlelo lokwelapha isiguli.

Isiphetho    

Ukuhlolwa kokuzila ushukela wegazi kusiza ukuqapha nokugcina amazinga eglucose egazini ngesikhathi sokuzila kumuntu. Ukuphatha kahle amazinga kashukela egazini kungasiza ukubuyisela emuva isimo futhi kuvimbele ukuqhubeka kwesifo sikashukela.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Mangakhi amahora okuzila ukudla adingekayo ukuze kuhlolwe ushukela wegazi we-FBS?

Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa koshukela wegazi lokuzila ukudla, ukuzila ukudla ebusuku kungase kunconywe, okungaba amahora angu-8-12.

2. Ngingehlisa kanjani i-glucose yami yokuzila ukudla?

Amazinga eglucose ezila ukudla angehliswa ngokuqonda ukuthi kungani kwenzeka kanye nokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila ukuze kuvinjelwe i-hypoglycemia. Izinyathelo ezingcono kakhulu zokwehlisa amazinga eglucose yokuzila ukudla zingaphakanyiswa udokotela.

3. Iyini isilinganiso sikashukela wegazi ngokweminyaka?

Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-13 ubudala, izinga likashukela egazini eliphakathi kuka-90 kuya ku-180 mg/dL livamile. Entsha ephakathi kweminyaka engu-13 kuya kweyi-19 ubudala, izinga likashukela egazini eliphakathi kuka-90 kuya ku-130 mg/dL livamile. Kubantu abadala, izinga likashukela egazini elijwayelekile liphakathi kuka-90 kuya ku-130 mg/dL.

4. Ingabe izinga likashukela elingu-150 lijwayelekile?

Izinga likashukela egazini elizila ukudla elingaphezu kuka-140 mg/dL libonisa izinga eliphezulu leglucose egazini, okungase kusho ukuthi umuntu unesifo sikashukela.

5. Yini okufanele ngidle uma ushukela wami uphakeme?

Imifino enamahlamvu aluhlaza nengenaso isitashi, amajikijolo, nezinhlamvu ezingaphelele zingadliwa uma izinga likashukela egazini liphezulu.

6. Ingabe ushukela wegazi ongu-200 ujwayelekile ngemva kokudla?

Uma izinga likashukela egazini, amahora amabili ngemva kokudla ukudla, lingaphezu kuka-200 mg/dL, kungase kubonise ukuthi isiguli sinesifo sikashukela.