Ukuhlolwa kwe-microalbumin yomchamo kungabonwa kusenesikhathi Izinkinga zezinso ngaphambi kokuba uphawule noma yiziphi izimpawu. Lokhu kuhlola okuyisipesheli kuthola amanani amancane e-albumin okungase kugeje ukuhlolwa okuvamile komchamo. Lokhu kuhlolwa komchamo kudlala indima ebalulekile ngokuhlonza isifo sezinso esinesifo sikashukela ngokushesha ngokuthola le mikhondo emincane yamaprotheni ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu.

Lokhu kuhlola kuhlola i-microalbuminuria uma amazinga e-albhamuin emchameni eba phakathi kuka-30 no-300 mg ngosuku. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uhlelo lokuhlunga lwezinso alusebenzi kahle. Ukuhlolwa kubaluleka ikakhulukazi uma unakho sikashukela, okuhlala kuyimbangela eyinhloko yokuhluleka kwezinso kanye ne-microalbumin emchamweni.

Lesi sihloko sihlola imvelo ye-microalbumin, izinqubo zokuhlola, izikhathi zokuhlola ezifanele, kanye nemithelela yemiphumela yokuhlolwa kumpilo yakho iyonke.

Kuyini ukuhlolwa komchamo we-Microalbumin?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-microalbumin yomchamo kuhlola ukuthi ingakanani iphrotheni ye-albhamuin emchamweni wakho. Kusebenza njengendlela yokuqala yokuhlola impilo yezinso zakho. Izinso ezinempilo zigcina i-albumin egazini lakho, kodwa ezilimele zivumela le phrotheni ukuthi idlulele emchamweni wakho. Odokotela bavame ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa ngokuhlolwa kwe-creatinine ukuze abale isilinganiso se-albumin-to-creatinine (ACR). Lesi silinganiso sinikeza isithombe esingcono sokusebenza kwezinso kunokulinganisa nje i-albumin.

Izinso ezinempilo zihlunga udoti futhi zigcine izinto ezinhle njenge-albumin egazini lakho. Ama-nephron alimele avumela lawa maprotheni abaleke. I-albumin ngokuvamile iyiprotheni yokuqala ukuphuma, ngakho ukuyithola kusenesikhathi kukusiza ukuthi ubhekane nezinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi nakakhulu.

Kufanele Uthole Nini Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Urine Microalbumin?

Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zidinga ukuhlolwa njalo. Abantu abane thayipha 1 sikashukela kufanele kuqale ukuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke eminyakeni emihlanu ngemuva kokuxilongwa. Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kufanele ziqale ukuhlolwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuxilongwa.

Abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu nabo badinga ukuhlolwa njalo. Udokotela wakho angancoma lokhu kuhlolwa uma:

• Bangaphezu kuka-65 abasengozini yenhliziyo noma yezinso
• Ngamaqembu ezizwe asengozini enkulu (ama-Afrika aseMelika, ama-Asia, ama-Hispanics, noma amaNdiya aseMelika)
• Yiba namalungu omndeni anesifo sezinso
• Have Isifo senhliziyo
• Smoke
• Ingabe ukhuluphele

Kungani Ngidinga Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Urine Microalbumin?

Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuwumgomo oyinhloko. Ngeke uzizwe ugula kuze kube yilapho ukulimala kwezinso kuba kubi kakhulu—azikho izimpawu ezibonakala ezigabeni zokuqala. Udokotela wakho angaqala imishanguzo yokwehlisa ijubane noma ukuvikela isifo sezinso uma esithole kusenesikhathi.

Ukuhlola futhi kusiza ukubikezela izinkinga zenhliziyo kanye nezingozi zokufa. Ukuthola lokhu kuvuza okuncane kwamaprotheni kusenesikhathi kunikeza ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yakho yezinso nenhliziyo.

Inqubo yokuhlolwa komchamo we-Microalbumin

Ungenza ukuhlolwa ngezindlela ezimbalwa:

• Ukuhlolwa komchamo okungahleliwe: Vele unikeze isampula eyodwa ehhovisi likadokotela noma elebhu yakho. Imiphumela iyabuya emahoreni angama-24-72.
• Ukuhlolwa okunesikhathi: Uzohlala esikhungweni sezempilo amahora angu-2-4 ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa.
• Iqoqo lamahora angu-24: Uzodinga ukuqoqa wonke umchamo wakho usuku olugcwele. Isikhungo sizokunikeza isitsha esikhethekile futhi sikutshele ukuthi ungawaqoqa futhi uwagcine kanjani amasampula. Ngemva kwesampula yakho yokuqala ekuseni, gcina isitsha esiqandisini noma esipholile esineqhwa.

Indlela "yokubamba okuhlanzekile" isiza ukuthola imiphumela enembile. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ugeze izandla zakho, uhlanze indawo yakho yangasese ngokusula, futhi uqoqe umchamo ophakathi nendawo.

Ungakulungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-urine microalbumin?

Ukuhlolwa kudinga ukulungiswa okuncane. Kodwa ezinye izinto zingathinta imiphumela yakho:

• Yeqa ukujima okuqinile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa njengoba kuphakamisa okwesikhashana amazinga e-albhamuin yomchamo.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nemithi oyiphuzayo uma usebenzisa ama-ACE inhibitors, ama-ARB, noma ama-diuretics, ngoba le mithi inomthelela endleleni izinso zakho ezisebenza ngayo. 
• Qiniseka ukuthi uphuza amanzi ukuze uhlale unamanzi, kodwa zama ukungaphuzi kakhulu ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. 
• Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi ugweme ukudla inyama amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Isho Ukuthini Imiphumela Engavamile

Imiphumela ivamise ukuwela kulawa maqembu:

• Inani elivamile le-microalbumin emchamweni: Ngaphansi kuka-30 mg we-albumin ngegremu ngalinye le-creatinine.
• I-Microalbuminuria: Phakathi kuka-30-300 mg we-albumin ngegremu ngalinye le-creatinine, okubonisa isifo sezinso zakuqala.
• I-Macroalbuminuria: Ngaphezu kuka-300 mg we-albumin igremu ngalinye le-creatinine, ekhomba ekulimaleni kwezinso okuthuthuke kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzocela ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe phakathi nezinyanga ezi-3-6 uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kokuqala kubonisa i-albhamuin ephezulu. Imiphumela emibili ephezulu kokuthathu ngokuvamile isho isifo sezinso zakuqala.

Amazinga aphezulu e-albumin akhomba izinkinga ezingathi sína zezinso ezingase zibe zimbi kakhulu ngokushesha. Baphinde baphakamise ukuthi usengozini enkulu yezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Ezinye izici zesikhashana zingenza imiphumela ibukeke iphakeme kunalokho eyikho:

• Igazi emcimbini wakho
• Fever
• Ukuzivocavoca kanzima kwakamuva
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni
• Ukutheleleka kwe-Urinary tract

Udokotela wakho angase a-ode ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe okusekelwe emiphumeleni yakho, njengokuthwebula izinso noma i-kiyopsy yezinso ukuze afunde ngohlobo nezinga lomonakalo.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Microalbumin kusiza ukuhlonza izinkinga zezinso kusenesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Lokhu kuhlola okulula komchamo kungathola ukuvuza kwamaphrotheni amancane okuvame ukugejwa ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile. Wena nodokotela wakho nithola isikhathi esibalulekile sokuthatha isinyathelo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo omkhulu.

I-Microalbuminuria isebenza njengesignali ethule eyisixwayiso yomzimba wakho esikhundleni sokukhalela usizo olubuhlungu. Izinso zakho zingazabalaza buthule isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba kuvele noma yiziphi izimpawu, kodwa lokhu kuhlola kubamba lezo zimpawu eziyisixwayiso zakuqala. Udinga ukuhlolwa njalo uma ukumaqembu asengozini enkulu. Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele zifake lokhu kuhlolwa ekuhlolweni kwazo minyaka yonke, futhi abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme badinga ukuqashwa okuqhubekayo.

Amaprotheni emchameni wakho awasho njalo ukuthi unesifo sezinso. Imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa ingase ibonise amazinga aphezulu ngenxa yezinto zesikhashana ezifana nokuzivocavoca noma ukutheleleka. Udokotela wakho uzohlola okuningi ngaphambi kokuxilongwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Microalbumin kumelela ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kokuvikela ngesikhathi esihle kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlola okulula kungabona izinkinga kusenesikhathi lapho ukwelashwa kusebenza kakhulu. Sebenzisa leli thuluzi lokuhlola futhi usebenzisane nodokotela wakho ukuze uvikele ukusebenza kwezinso zakho iminyaka eminingi ezayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Liyini izinga elijwayelekile le-microalbumin emchamweni?

Izinga le-microalbumin elivamile lomchamo wakho kufanele lihlale lingaphansi kwama-milligrams angu-30 igremu ngalinye le-creatinine. Abesilisa kufanele babe namazinga angaphansi kuka-17 mg albumin/g creatinine, kuyilapho abesifazane kudingeka bahlale ngaphansi kuka-25 mg albumin/g creatinine. Lezi zinombolo eziphansi zibonisa ukuthi izinso zakho zisebenza kahle futhi zihlunga udoti ngendlela efanele.

2. Indlela yokunciphisa umchamo we-microalbumin?

Odokotela bavame ukunikeza ama-ACE inhibitors noma ama-ARB ukusiza ukwehlisa amazinga e-microalbumin. Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila elula kungenza umehluko omkhulu futhi:

• Nciphisa usawoti ukuze usize ukushaya kwegazi umuthi usebenza kangcono
• Gcina isisindo sakho sibheke
• Bukela eyakho likashukela egazini uma unesifo sikashukela
• Hlala usebenza
• Gcina amaprotheni ku-15-20% yalokho okudlayo
• Hlala kude nama-NSAID 

3. Kwenzekani uma izinga le-microalbumin yomchamo liphezulu?

Amazinga e-Microalbumin aphakathi kuka-30-300 mg/g creatinine akhomba ku-microalbuminuria, okubonisa ukulimala kwezinso zakuqala. Ingozi yakho yesifo sezinso iyakhuphuka uma la mazinga ehlala ephezulu. Amazinga angaphezu kuka-300 mg/g creatinine abonisa ukulimala kwezinso ezimbi kakhulu.

4. Kwenzekani uma umchamo we-microalbumin uphansi?

Amazinga aphansi e-microalbumin ngaphansi kuka-30 mg/g creatinine ayizindaba ezinhle. Izinso zakho zisebenza kahle uma zigcina i-albumin egazini lakho lapho kufanele khona. Lokhu kusho ukuthi unethuba eliphansi lokuhluleka kwezinso noma izinkinga zenhliziyo ezihlobene nezinkinga zezinso.

5. Liyini izinga elivamile le-microalbumin yomchamo?

Umchamo wakho we-microalbumin kufanele uhlale ngaphansi kwama-30 mg ngamahora angama-24. Ukuhlola okuhlukile kunobubanzi bazo. Ukuhlola okungahleliwe kufanele kubonise ngaphansi kuka-30 mcg nge-mg ye-creatinine, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa okunesikhathi kudingeka kube ngaphansi kuka-20 mcg/ngomzuzu. Izinso ezinempilo ngokwemvelo zigcina i-albumin kulawa mazinga aphansi.

6. Iyini inkomba yokuhlolwa komchamo we-microalbumin?

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufanele bathole ukuhlolwa kwe-microalbumin minyaka yonke. Ungase futhi udinge lokhu kuhlolwa uma une:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Isifo sezinso emndenini wakho
• Iminyaka engaphezu kuka-65 enezici eziyingozi zezinso
• Izinso ezaziwayo ezidinga ukubukwa