Ukuxilongwa kwegazi kusinika ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokusebenza komzimba. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT kungenye yokuhlola okuwusizo kakhulu ngoba kunikeza ulwazi olubalulekile ngezifo ezithile futhi kuvumela odokotela ukuba benze ukuxilonga okulungile. Ukuhlolwa kwe-procalcitonin kuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini i-sepsis, isifo esivame ukufa ngamagciwane. Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukukhululwa komzimba kwezinto ezingase zibangele ukuvuvukala okuyingozi, okubangelwa ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya kungaholela ku-sepsis. Uma unamazinga aphezulu e-procalcitonin egazi, okuyikhemikhali efihliwe umzimba wakho uma kwenzeka ukungcoliswa kwamagciwane, kungase kubonise ukuthi une-sepsis noma uthambekele ekuyithuthukiseni. 

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwaziwa nge-PCT kuhlola i-procalcitonin. I-Procalcitonin iyi-hormone eyandulela i-calcitonin ekhiqizwa ku-hormone yegilo indlala. Ngokuvamile, amazinga e-procalcitonin aphansi kumuntu ophile kahle kodwa angakhula kakhulu ngemva kokutheleleka ngamagciwane ikakhulukazi lawo anzima. Ukuze kuhlolwe i-procalcitonin, isampula yegazi liyadingeka. Ikala inani lekhemikhali eyaziwa ngokuthi i-procalcitonin ekhiqizwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli emzimbeni. Amazinga e-procalcitonin angaba phezulu uma kukhona ukutheleleka ngebhaktheriya noma yimuphi umonakalo wezicubu.

Ngakho-ke, uma ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya kusabalele noma kuhlelekile, amazinga e-procalcitonin angakhuphuka ngokushesha. Ezinye izimo nazo zingabangela ukwanda kwe-procalcitonin, ngokuvamile emnene ukuya emaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, ukuphakama kwe-procalcitonin akusho ukuthi i-sepsis izokwenzeka. Kuyinkomba nje yokuthi kusazodingeka olunye uphenyo ukuze kubhekwane nesimo se-systemic disease.

Inhloso ye-PCT Blood Test

Isisusa esiyinhloko sokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT ukusiza odokotela ekuhlukaniseni phakathi kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye negciwane. Nakuba izimpawu nezimpawu zalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ze izifo ingadlulela njalo, izinsiza zokuhlola igazi ze-PCT ekutholeni ukubikezela okunembile, iqondisa odokotela ezinhlelweni zokwelashwa ezifanele. Ukuhlolwa kwe-procalcitonin kuyasiza ekuhlukaniseni phakathi kokutheleleka ngebhaktheriya nezinye izimbangela zezimpawu nezimpawu ezingezona zebhaktheriya kumuntu ogula kakhulu, kanye nasekutholakaleni kokuqala kwe-sepsis kanye nezifo ezinzima zamagciwane.

Kudingeka Nini Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Kwe-PCT?

Uma isiguli sigula kakhulu futhi sibonisa izimpawu nezinkomba ze-sepsis, ukutheleleka okunzima kwebhaktheriya, noma kokubili, ukuhlolwa kwe-procalcitonin kungase kudingeke. 

• Lapho umuntu ethola isifo, njenge-meningitis noma inyumoniya, futhi imbangela ayaziwa (kungaba amagciwane noma okungewona amagciwane), ukuhlolwa kungase kucelwe.
• Amazinga e-procalcitonin angaba wusizo ekuqapheni iziguli ezine-sepsis, isimo esingase sibe yingozi empilweni esibangelwa ukusabela okweqile komzimba ekuthelelekeni.
• Lapho udokotela efisa ukuqapha i-antibiotic ukwelashwa kanye/noma banqume ukuthi ukwelashwa kungamiswa ngokuphephile yini, bangacela uchungechunge lokuhlolwa kwe-procalcitonin njalo.
• Esikhathini sangemva kokuhlinzwa, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT kungase kusetshenziswe ukuze kutholwe futhi kulawuleke izinkinga zebhaktheriya.
• Amazinga e-PCT angasiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezimbangela zebhaktheriya negciwane zezifo zokuphefumula, eqondisa ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwama-antibiotic.

Kwenzekani Ngesikhathi Sokuhlolwa Kwegazi kwe-PCT?

Isampula yegazi lithathwa emthanjeni osengalweni ukuze lihlolwe. Isampula yegazi eliqoqiwe lithunyelwa elabhorethri, lapho ochwepheshe behlaziya khona amazinga e-procalcitonin. Imiphumela ivamise ukutholakala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Imiphumela ihunyushwa odokotela kumongo wesimo somtholampilo wesiguli kanye nezimpawu.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PCT Blood Test

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa ukuze kutholwe ukuthi awunaso yini isifo se-systemic, okuyisifo esithinta umzimba wonke futhi okungenzeka kube yimbangela yesimo sakho sempilo esibucayi. Udokotela wakho anganquma ukuthi unesifo esibangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane ngoku-oda ukuhlolwa kwe-procalcitonin. Isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwe-procalcitonin kwenziwa ukuze kutholwe i-aetiology ye-pneumonia yebhaktheriya noma yegciwane. Ukuhlolwa kwe-procalcitonin nakho kusetshenziselwa ezinye izinjongo:

• Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa ngayo ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT ukusiza ekuxilongeni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma i-sepsis, ukusiza odokotela bakhethe indlela yokwelashwa efanele.
• Ukuqapha amazinga e-procalcitonin ezigulini ze-sepsis kungasiza ekunqumeni ubucayi besimo kanye nezinhlelo zokwelashwa eziqondile.
• Ukuhlolwa kunomthelela ekuphathweni kwama-antibiotic ngokusiza ukugwema imiyalelo engadingekile ye-antibiotic yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ngaleyo ndlela kunqandwe ukumelana nama-antibiotic.
• Amazinga e-PCT angaqashwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kutholwe futhi kubhekwane nezinkinga zamagciwane ngokushesha.
• Uma ingane inokutheleleka komgudu womchamo, ukuhlolwa kwe-PCT kukhomba okungenzeka izinso izimpawu zokutheleleka. 

Inqubo Yokuhlolwa Kwegazi ye-PCT

Igazi elincane—elingaba yimililitha engu-1, noma amathisipuni amabili kuphela—liyathathwa. Isikhungo sezokwelapha noma ilebhu yokuxilonga enendawo yokuhlola ye-PCT ehlome ngokuphelele iyadingeka ukwenza lokhu kuhlola. Iphedi lotshwala lisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza isikhumba. Ngemva kokuhlanzwa kwesikhumba, umthambo obonakala kalula ungenisa inaliti emzimbeni. Ishubhu elixhunywe enalitini futhi eliphethe ijeli le-serum lisetshenziselwa ukudweba amasampula egazi. Ukuze kuhlaziywe, isampula yegazi lihanjiswa elebhu yocwaningo.

Ukulungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT

Awekho amalungiselelo athile adingekayo ukuze kuhlolwe igazi le-PCT. Nokho, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela nganoma yimiphi imithi noma izithasiselo ezithathwayo. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT ngokuvamile akudingi ukuzila ukudla. Kodwa bambelela kunoma yiziphi iziqondiso ezikhethekile okungenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukunikeze zona.

Isho Ukuthini Imiphumela Yokuhlolwa Kwegazi ye-PCT?

Okutholakele kokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-procalcitonin akusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuthi noma yisiphi isitho sisebenza kahle kangakanani. Okukutshelayo nje ukuthi kukhona yini ukutheleleka ngebhaktheriya nokuthi kubi kangakanani. 

Ithebula elilandelayo likukhombisa uhla olujwayelekile lokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-pct kanye nobubanzi obuphakeme obuhambisana nobungozi:

• Amazinga aphansi: Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma izifo ezivuvukalayo ezingatheleleki ngokuvamile zixhunyaniswa namazinga aphansi e-procalcitonin. Ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kungase kungadingeki ezimeni ezithile.
• Amazinga Aphakeme: Amathuba amakhulu okutheleleka ngebhaktheriya aboniswa amazinga aphezulu e-procalcitonin. Lolu lwazi luzosetshenziswa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha ukuze banqume indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza, engabandakanya ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotics.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT kuma njengethuluzi elibalulekile ezinqubweni zokuxilonga, kusiza odokotela ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nesimo sezifo. Ngokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezimbangela zebhaktheriya kanye negciwane, ukuhlolwa kunomthelela ezinhlelweni zokwelashwa ezihlosiwe nezisebenzayo, ekugcineni kuzuzise imiphumela yesiguli. Ngenxa yentuthuko eqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nocwaningo lwezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT kuyaqhubeka nokunikeza isithembiso sokuxilongwa ngokushesha nokunembile, okungaholela ezinkambisweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezingcono.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Q1. Liyini izinga elijwayelekile lokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT?

Izimpendulo. Izinga elivamile le-procalcitonin egazini ngokuvamile lingaphansi kuka-0 kuya ku-0.05 micrograms ilitha ngalinye (ug/L). Amazinga aphakeme angase abonise ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya.

Q2. Kwenzakalani uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT kuthi phozithivu?

Izimpendulo. Umphumela omuhle wokuhlolwa kwegazi we-PCT, obonisa izinga eliphezulu lokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT, uphakamisa amathuba aphezulu okutheleleka ngebhaktheriya. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bangasebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuze baqondise ukwelashwa okufanele kwama-antibiotic.

Q3. Kwenzekani uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT kungenayo?

Izimpendulo. Umphumela wokuhlolwa kwegazi we-PCT omubi, nokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-PCT evamile noma ephansi, uphakamisa amathuba aphansi okutheleleka ngebhaktheriya. Lokhu kungase kube nomthelela abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthi bahlole izimbangela ezingezona zebhaktheriya zezimpawu zesiguli futhi bacabangele ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Q4. Buyini ububanzi obujwayelekile be-PCT?

Izimpendulo. Ibanga elijwayelekile le-PCT egazini ngokuvamile lingaphansi kwama-nanogram angu-0.05 ngemililitha (ng/mL). Amazinga aphakeme angase abonise ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya.