Imizimba yethu idinga i-sodium, okuyisici esibalulekile. Amazinga e-sodium afanelekile omzimba asiza ekugcineni ibhalansi yawo ye-electrolyte. Kuyasiza futhi ekugcineni ukulingana kwamanzi omzimba (umthamo woketshezi okhona ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamaseli). Umsebenzi wemisipha nama-neurons uncike ku-sodium futhi. Ukwenyuka noma ukuncipha kwamazinga kasawoti emizimbeni yethu kungabangela imithelela ehlukahlukene yezempilo eyingozi, kusukela ngokuqina ukusuka ophawini oluncane lokoma kuya koluyingozi kakhulu lwekhoma ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu. Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, indlala, nesifo sohudo ngezinye zezinto eziningi ezingaholela kuzo amazinga e-sodium aphansi ekuhlolweni kwegazi. Kubalulekile empilweni yethu jikelele ukuthi sigcine inani elihle lale mineral edingekayo.

Izinga le-sodium emizimbeni yethu linqunywa ngenqubo yokuxilonga ebizwa ngokuthi i-Sodium blood test. Kuyingxenye evamile yokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuvamile okusetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga e-sodium yomuntu angaphakathi kwemingcele eyamukelekayo.

Kuyini Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Le-Sodium?

Izinga le-sodium elingavamile, okuhlanganisa i-sodium ephansi (hyponatremia) kanye ne-sodium eyeqile (hypernatremia), kubonakala kusetshenziswa ukuhlolwa kwezinga le-sodium. Ukuhlolwa kwe-sodium kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengengxenye yephaneli ye-metabolic eyisisekelo noma iphaneli ye-electrolyte phakathi nokuhlolwa kwezempilo okuvamile. Ezinye izinhloso zokuhlolwa kwe-sodium yegazi zihlanganisa:

• Ukusiza ekuhlonzeni, ekuhloleni, nasekuqaphelweni okungajwayelekile kwe-electrolyte kanye nokungalingani kwe-acid-base (pH) (i-acidosis noma i-alkalosis).
• Ukunquma imbangela yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma ukunqwabelana kwamanzi ngokweqile (i-edema) nokusiza ekuqapheni inkambo yokwelashwa.
• Ukusiza ekuhloleni nasekuqapheni izifo ezihlukahlukene ezingapheli noma ezinzima ezithinta i-thyroid, izindlala ze-adrenal, isibindi, inhliziyo, izinso, noma amaphaphu.
• Ukulandelela noma yiziphi izinto ezingekho emthethweni isiguli esizithathayo, njengama-diuretics, ezingase zithinte amazinga aso kasawoti.

Uma othile enamazinga e-sodium egazini angavamile, amazinga e-sodium yomchamo angahlaziywa ukuze kusizwe ukuhlonzwa okuyimbangela yokungalingani. Ukwengeza, ukuhlolwa kukasawoti womchamo kungasiza udokotela ekuboneni umthombo ukugula kwezinso kanye nokwelashwa okuyisiqondiso uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwezinso yesiguli ingajwayelekile.

Kufanele ngikuthole nini lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi le-Sodium?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-sodium kungase kucelwe njengengxenye yephaneli ye-metabolic noma iphaneli ye-electrolyte phakathi nokuhlolwa okujwayelekile komzimba noma lapho isiguli sihlolelwa ukugula kwesikhashana noma isikhathi eside. Ukuhlolwa kwe-sodium yegazi kungase kunconywe lapho izimpawu nezimpawu ezilandelayo ze-sodium enganele zitholakala:

• Ubuthakathaka nokukhathala
• Ukudideka

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-coma ingenzeka.

Lapho izinga likasawoti lehla kancane kancane, kungase kungabi nazimpawu. Ngenxa yalokhu, amazinga kasawoti avame ukuhlolwa, ngisho kungabikho noma yiziphi izimpawu ezicacile. Uma othile ebonisa noma yiziphi izimpawu nezimpawu ezilandelayo zesodium ephakeme, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-sodium:

• Ukufutheka
• ukoma
• Ulwelwesi lwamafinyila olomile
• Imvamisa encishisiwe yokuchama
• Ukudikiza kwemisipha

Ezimweni ezinzima, ukungahlaliseki, ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile, ukuquleka, noma ukudlikizela kungase kwenzeke.

I-sodium namanye ama-electrolyte angase agadwe lapho kunikezwa uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (IV) noma lapho kunengozi yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Amaphaneli ayisisekelo we-metabolic kanye namaphaneli e-electrolyte avame ukudingeka lapho ulandelela ukwelashwa kwezifo ezithile, njenge umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, isibindi, nesifo sezinso. Uma umphumela wokuhlolwa kwe-sodium yegazi ungavamile, ukuhlolwa kwe-sodium yomchamo okungahleliwe noma amahora angu-24 kungase kunqunywe ukusiza ukuhlonza umsuka wokungalingani noma ukuqapha ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokwelashwa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Sodium Blood Test

Ukuhlolwa okuvamile okwaziwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-sodium kungenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe impilo yonke. Izimo ezithinta ibhalansi yoketshezi, ama-electrolyte, ne-acidity emzimbeni zingabonakala futhi ziqashwe kusetshenziswa le ndlela. Ukuhlola kuvame ukuba nochungechunge lokuhlola olwaziwa njengephaneli ye-electrolyte. Ukwengeza, kungase kube ingxenye Yephaneli Eyisisekelo YeMetabolic (BMP) kanye Nephaneli Ye-Metabolic Ebanzi (CMP), okungamanye amasethi amabili okuhlolwa kokuxilonga.

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa, esukela emazingeni aphansi, evamile, kuye kwaphezulu e-sodium, isekelwe ezingeni le-sodium ekhona egazini. Uma amazinga e-sodium ewela ngaphandle kwebanga elijwayelekile, abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezihlukahlukene kuye ngokuthi amazinga e-sodium aphakeme noma aphansi kunokuvamile. Udokotela angase atuse imithi noma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ngokusekelwe kulezi zinombolo.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-sodium?

Isikhathi esiningi, ukuhlolwa kwe-sodium akudingi ukulungiswa okuthile. Ngaphambi kokuvakashela indawo yokuhlola, yidla futhi uphuze ngokujwayelekile. Ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu kuhlolwa, kungase kudingeke ukuthi umuntu ayeke ukusebenzisa imithi ethile. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuyeka ukuphuza imithi kuphela lapho ululekwa udokotela ukwenza kanjalo. 

Ukuze ilebhu ibale izinga le-sodium egazini noma isampula lomchamo, umuntu kufanele futhi aphuze amanzi amaningi.

Inqubo Yokuhlolwa Kwegazi Le-Sodium

Uchwepheshe uzokhipha igazi ukuze ahlolwe, ngokuvamile ukusuka ngemuva kwesandla noma ngaphakathi kwendololwane. Ukwenza ukukhishwa kwegazi kube lula, uchwepheshe uzobeka ibhande lokunwebeka elingalweni, okwenza imithambo ikhule. Uma inaliti isifakiwe emthanjeni, igazi lizoqoqana ebhodleleni lengilazi noma ishubhu. Uchwepheshe uzokhipha inaliti ngemva kokuqoqa igazi futhi amboze indawo yokubhoboza.

Amanani Emiphumela Yokuhlolwa Kwegazi Le-Sodium

Inani le-sodium ekujikelezeni linganqunywa ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-sodium. Uma inani lingaphezu kokuvamile, kungase kube uphawu lokuthi udla usawoti omningi (sodium) noma unenkinga yezinso. 

Ingabe bukhona ubungozi obuhambisana nokuhlolwa?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunengozi encane uma kuqhathaniswa. Nakuba kungase kube khona ubuhlungu obuncane noma imihuzuko endaweni lapho inaliti ifakwe khona, imiphumela emibi eminingi ingeyesikhashana.

Isiphetho

Udokotela angase atuse ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwezinga le-sodium ezimweni ezihlukahlukene. Omunye kungenzeka ukuthi uthatha izinto ezithinta amazinga kasawoti egazini; ngakho-ke, kungase kudingeke ngezinye izikhathi. Kungase futhi kube yingxenye yokuhlolwa kwezempilo okuvamile. Ukwazi usawoti osegazini kubalulekile kuzo zombili lezi zimo. Finyelela ku CARE Izibhedlela uma ufuna izinsiza zokuxilonga ezisezingeni lomhlaba. 

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ngingakwazi ukuhlola i-sodium ekhaya?

Izimpendulo. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-sodium akukwazi ukwenziwa ekhaya. Kufanele uvakashele ilebhu yendawo noma isikhungo sokuxilonga. Ukuze uhlole amazinga e-sodium yomchamo ekhaya, ungathenga ikhithi yokuyisa ekhaya. Nokho, landela imiyalelo njengoba inikezwe kukhithi ukuze uthole imiphumela efanele. 

2. Kwenzekani uma amazinga e-sodium ephansi?

Izimpendulo. Amazinga e-sodium aphansi angaholela ezinkingeni zempilo, okuhlanganisa izimpawu ezifana nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu bekhanda, ukudideka kwengqondo, ukungahlaliseki, amajaqamba emisipha, ngisho nokuquleka kanye ne-coma ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu.

3. Liyini izinga le-sodium evamile?

Izimpendulo. Izinga elijwayelekile le-sodium yegazi kwabesilisa nabesifazane abadala lingu-140 mEq/L (noma mmol/L). Nakuba leli kuyizinga le-sodium elivamile kubantu abadala babo bonke ubulili, imikhawulo ephansi nangaphezulu ingu-135 kanye ne-145 mEq/L, ngokulandelana.

4. Liyini izinga eliphezulu le-sodium egazini?

Izimpendulo. I-sodium ephezulu ekuhlolweni kwegazi ngokwemithi ibizwa ngokuthi i-hypernatremia. Ukugxila okungaphezu kuka-145 mEq/L kuthathwa njengokudlulele.

5. Ngingalinyusa kanjani izinga lami le-sodium?

Izimpendulo. Yidla ukudla okufana neminqumo, ukhukhamba nokunye ukudla okunesodium ephezulu. Ungakwazi ukwandisa usawoti owudlayo, kodwa kufanele udliwe ngokusesilinganisweni njengoba ukuphuza usawoti oweqile kuhlobene nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, okungase kubangele izifo zenhliziyo.