Noma ngabe ufuna ukwazi ngale nqubo, inhloso yayo, noma ukuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini, lesi sihloko sikutholile. Funda ngenqubo engenabuhlungu, ukubaluleka kwayo empilweni yomphakathi, nokuthi yini ongayilindela phakathi nangemuva kokuhlolwa.

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-TB?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-TB (isifo sofuba), okwaziwa nangokuthi yi- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Mantoux, iyithuluzi elivamile lokuxilonga elisetshenziselwa ukubona ukuba khona kwe-Mycobacterium tuberculosis, amagciwane abangela isifo sofuba. Kubandakanya ukujova inani elincane le-tuberculin-purified protein derivative (PPD) ngaphansi nje kwesikhumba engalweni. Ngemva kwamahora angu-48 kuya kwangu-72, udokotela wamaphaphu uhlola iqhubu noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yomjovo. Ubukhulu balokhu kusabela busiza ekunqumeni ukuthi umuntu ungenwe yini amagciwane e-TB. Kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlola, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokuchayeka ku-TB.

Inhloso yokuhlolwa kwe-TB

Ukuhlolwa kwe-TB, okwakwaziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Mantoux test, kusebenza indima ebalulekile ekuhlonzeni abantu okungenzeka bachayeke kubhaktheriya abangela isifo sofuba. Nakhu ukuhlukaniswa kwenhloso yayo:

• Ukuthola Ukuchayeka Ku-TB: Ukuhlola kusiza ukunquma ukuthi umuntu uke wachayeka yini kukho I-Mycobacterium isifo sofuba, amagciwane abangela i-TB.
• Ukuhlolela Ukutheleleka: Kusebenza njengethuluzi lokuqala lokuhlola, ikakhulukazi kulabo okungenzeka bake bahlangana nabantu abane-TB.
• Ukubona I-TB Equbisile: Ukuhlolwa kwembula izifo ze-TB ezicashile, lapho abantu bephethe amagciwane kodwa bengabonisi zimpawu. Lokhu kubalulekile ezinyathelweni zokuvimbela.
• Ukuvimbela I-TB Enamandla: Ngokuhlonza izifo ezicashile, amaphaphu ingangenelela ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sofuba esisebenzayo.
• Ukuhlola Ubungozi: Kuyasiza ekuhloleni ubungozi bokuqhubekela phambili ukusuka ku-TB equbisile kuye esifweni se-TB esinamandla, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasengozini enkulu.
• Ithuluzi Lezempilo Lomphakathi: Ngokwezinga elibanzi, ukuhlolwa kwe-TB kufaka isandla emizamweni yezempilo yomphakathi ngokuhlonza nokuphatha amacala e-TB, ukwehlisa ukusulelana, nokulawula ukusabalala kwalesi sifo.

Kudingeka nini ukuhlolwa kwe-TB?

Ukunquma ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-TB kuyadingeka nini kubalulekile ukuze kuhlolwe ukuchayeka okungenzeka kusifo sofuba. Nazi ezinye izimo ezigunyaza ukuhlolwa kwe-TB:

• Ukuthintana Okuseduze Nesiguli Se-TB: Uma uke wasondelana nomuntu okutholakale ukuthi unesifo sofuba esinamandla.
• Abasebenzi Bezempilo: Odokotela bamaphaphu bahlala bexhumana neziguli ze-TB.
• Ukufuduka Nokuhamba: Ngaphambi kokuthuthela kwelinye izwe noma ukuya emazweni lapho i-TB idlange khona.
• Izimpawu Zikhona: Uma ubonisa izimpawu, njengokukhwehlela, ukuncipha komzimba, noma imfiva.
• Izimo Zezokwelapha: Abantu abanezimo zezokwelapha ezandisa ingozi ye-TB.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-TB?

Uma uhlolelwa i-TB, udokotela wamaphaphu uzolandela lezi zinyathelo:

• Ukubekwa kwe-Tuberculin: Inani elincane le-tuberculin, i-protein derivative, lijovwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba engalweni yakho.
• Isikhathi sokulinda: Udinga ukulinda amahora angama-48 kuye kwangama-72 ngemuva komjovo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungahlikihli noma ungaklwebhi indawo yomjovo ngalesi sikhathi.
• Buyela Ukuyofunda: Kufanele ubuyele ku- indawo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze uchwepheshe ahlole ukusabela kwendawo yomjovo.
• Ukuhlolwa kokusabela: Umhlinzeki wezempilo uzobheka iqhubu noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yomjovo. Ubukhulu balokhu kusabela bubalulekile ekunqumeni imiphumela yokuhlolwa.
• Ukuhunyushwa Kwemiphumela: Ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bokusabela, i-pulmonologist izonquma ukuthi ingabe umphumela omuhle noma omubi.
• Izenzo Zokulandelela: Kuye ngemiphumela, izinyathelo ezengeziwe, ezifana nokuhlolwa okwengeziwe noma ukwelashwa kungase kunconywe.

Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa kwe-TB

Ukuhlolwa kwe-TB kuyasiza ku-

• Ukuthola Isifo Sofuba (TB): Inhloso eyinhloko yokuhlolwa kwe-TB ukuthola ukuthi umuntu uke wachayeka yini kumagciwane abangela isifo sofuba.
• Ukuhlolela Ukutheleleka: Kusebenza njengethuluzi lokuhlola elibalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho ukuchayeka kwe-TB kunamathuba amaningi kakhulu.
• Ukuhlola Ubungozi: Ukuhlola kusiza ukuhlola ubungozi bokutheleleka nge-TB, kusize ekuhlonzweni kusenesikhathi kanye nokulawulwa kwezimo ezingase zibe khona.
• Izinyathelo Zezempilo Zomphakathi: Ngokuhlonza nokwelapha i-TB kusenesikhathi, ukuhlolwa kuba nomthelela emizamweni yezempilo yomphakathi yokulawula ukusabalala kwalesi sifo.
• Uphenyo Lothintana Naye: Ezimeni lapho othile kutholakala ukuthi une-TB, ukuhlolwa kusetshenziswa ukuze kuphenywe futhi kuhlolwe abantu okungenzeka bake bathintana nomuntu onaleli gciwane.

Inqubo yokuhlola i-TB

Lapho uhlolelwa i-TB (isifo sofuba), nakhu ongakulindela:

• Umjovo Wesikhumba: Inani elincane le-tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) lijovwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho, ngokuvamile ekhwapheni lakho.
• Isikhathi sokulinda: Ulinda amahora angama-48 kuye kwangama-72 ukuze uvumele ukusabela kuthuthuke.
• Ukuhlola Ukusabela: Udokotela wamaphaphu uhlola indawo yomjovo ukuze abone noma yimaphi amaqhubu noma ukuvuvukala.
• Isikali: Ubukhulu bokusabela kukalwa ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi uke wachayeka yini kubhaktheriya ye-TB.
• Ukubonisana: Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni, umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokuqondisa ezinyathelweni ezilandelayo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe noma ukwelashwa uma kudingeka.

Kubuhlungu kangakanani ukuhlolwa kwe-TB?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-TB ngokuvamile akubuhlungu, kodwa abanye abantu bangase baphatheke kabi. Nakhu okufanele ukwazi:

• Ukungakhululeki Kafushane: Ukuhlolwa kuhilela umjovo osheshayo wenani elincane le-tuberculin protein ephuma ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. phambili.
• Ukuhlaba yenaliti: Uzozwa ukuhlaba yenaliti kafushane ngesikhathi umjovo, okuvamise ukubekezelelwa kahle.
• Ukushiswa Okuncane noma Ukuluma: Abanye abantu babika ukuzwa ukusha noma ukuluma endaweni yomjovo, kodwa ngokuvamile kuhlala isikhashana.
• Abukho Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo: Ngemva komjovo, akufanele kube nobuhlungu obuqhubekayo. Ukungakhululeki ngokuvamile kuncane futhi kungokwesikhashana.
• Ukusabela Kokuqapha: Udokotela wamaphaphu uzohlola ukusabela kwesikhumba emahoreni angama-48 kuya kwangu-72 kamuva ukuze ahlole ukuthi uke wachayeka yini kubhaktheriya ye-TB.

Ukulungiselela kanjani ukuhlolelwa i-TB

Nawu umhlahlandlela ongakusiza ukuthi uzilungiselele:

• Isheduli: Khetha isikhathi sokuhlolelwa kwakho i-TB lapho ungabuya khona uzofunda engakapheli amahora angama-48 kuya kwangama-72.
• Yazisa Umhlinzeki Wakho Wezempilo: Yabelana nganoma yimiphi imithi noma izimo zezokwelapha nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
• Gwema Imithi Yokugoma: Gwema ukuthola noma yimiphi imigomo ephilayo emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-TB, ngoba ingaphazamisa imiphumela.
• Awukho Umgomo We-TB Wangaphambilini: Uma uke wathola umgomo we-BCG, yazisa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo, njengoba ungase ube nomthelela ekuchazeni ukuhlolwa.
• Indlela Yokuphila Enempilo: Gcina impilo yonke nge ukudla okunempilo nokulala, njengoba kungathonya izimpendulo zokuzivikela komzimba.
• Nethezeka Ngesikhathi Sokuhlolwa: Ukuhlolwa kwe-TB kubandakanya inaliti encane; ukuhlala uzolile kungenza okuhlangenwe nakho kukhululeke kakhudlwana.
• Gcina Indawo Ihlanzekile: Ngemva kokuhlolwa, gcina indawo yomjovo ihlanzekile futhi yomile ukuze ugweme noma yikuphi ukucasuka okungaba khona.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-TB (uma iphansi futhi ingaphezulu kwamazinga avamile)?

• Izinga eliphezulu: Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-TB kukhombisa iqhubu elikhudlwana noma ukuvuvukala, kuphakamisa ukusabela okuphezulu kunokujwayelekile, okubonisa ukutheleleka okungenzeka kwe-TB. Xhumana nodokotela wamaphaphu ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe nokuqinisekisa.
• Izinga Eliphansi: Ukusabela okuncane kungase kuphakamise ukuthi akukho ukutheleleka kwe-TB noma okuthambile. Nokho, umphumela ongemuhle awusho ukuthi i-TB. Ukuhlola okwengeziwe nezingxoxo nomhlinzeki wezempilo kuyadingeka ukuze kuqondwe kabanzi isimo sezempilo.

Isiphetho

Manje njengoba usukwazi kahle ukuhlolelwa i-TB, usunikwe amandla okulawula impilo yakho. Khumbula, ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile, futhi umhlahlandlela wethu ukuhlomise ngolwazi lokuzulazula enqubweni yokuhlola kalula. Hlala unolwazi, uhlale unempilo!

I-Faq's

1. Liyini izinga le-TB elivamile?

Umphumela ojwayelekile wokuhlolwa kwe-TB ngokuvamile ubonisa amamilimitha ayiziro okuvuvukala.

2. Kwenzekani uma ukuhlolwa kwe-TB kutholakala ukuthi une-HIV?

Ukuhlola ukuthi une-TB kusho ukuthi ungase ube ne-TB ecashile noma isifo sofuba esiphilayo; ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka.

3. Kwenzekani uma ukuhlolwa kwe-TB kungenalo?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-TB okungenayo i-TB kusikisela ukuthi akukho ukutheleleka ngokushesha, kodwa akukhiphi ukuchayeka esikhathini esidlule noma ubungozi bokutheleleka esikhathini esizayo.

4. Yiziphi ezinye zezinkinga ezingase zibe khona ekuhlolweni kwe-TB?

Izinkinga ezingaba khona zihlanganisa okungelona iqiniso, okungelona iqiniso, noma ukucasuka kwesikhumba endaweni yokuhlola.

5. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhlola i-TB?

Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-TB kuyinqubo esheshayo, ethatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela ukuyiphatha.