I-Typhidot ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga okusheshayo kwe-serological okuhlola isampula yegazi ukuba khona kwamasosha omzimba ngokumelene ne-bacterium eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Salmonella typhi, ebanga i-typhoid fever. Lapho i-Salmonella typhi ingena emzimbeni, iqala ukukhululwa kwezinhlobo ezimbili zamasosha omzimba: IgG ne-IgM. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot kunikeza ukuhlaziywa kwekhwalithi yalokhu ama-antibodies ukuthola ubukhona be-Salmonella typhi bacteria.

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kweTyphidot?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot kuyikhithi yamachashazi esekulungele ukusetshenziswa esekwe ku-ELISA eyenzelwe ukuhlaziya ikhwalithi nokutholwa kwamasosha omzimba e-IgM ne-IgG akhululwa kusabela kubhaktheriya ebangela isifo se-typhoid, i-Salmonella typhi. I-typhoid ingenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokuhlola izifo ze-typhoid fever, ezisakazeka ngokusetshenziswa kokudla okungcolile neziphuzo ngamagciwane e-Salmonella. I-typhoid fever yisifo esisongela ukuphila esidinga ukuxilongwa ngokushesha nokuphathwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqubuka, njengoba kungasakazeka kalula ngokuthintana okungcolile. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot kuklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukunikeza imiphumela esheshayo nenembile. Ukuqinisekisa ubukhona bamasosha omzimba akhishwe ngokuphendula iphrotheni ye-membrane yangaphandle (i-OMP) yebhaktheriya ye-Salmonella, iziguli zenza i-ELISA (i-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) isiko legazi.

Inhloso yokuhlolwa kweTyphidot

Inhloso yokuhlolwa kweTyphidot ukuthola nokuhlukanisa amasosha omzimba e-IgM ne-IgG ngokumelene namagciwane e-Salmonella typhi, abangela i-typhoid fever kubantu ngabanye.

Kufanele ukuthole nini lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot?

Ukuhlolwa kweTyphidot kunconywa ngudokotela noma uchwepheshe wezempilo lapho esola ukuthi umuntu uphethwe yi-typhoid fever ngenxa yezimpawu zakhe. Izimpawu ezingase zivumele ukuhlolwa ukuze kutholwe noma kukhishwe i-typhoid fever zihlanganisa:

• Fever
• Ukukhwehlela okumile
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• bekhanda
• Uhudo noma ukuqotshwa
• Ukwehla kwesisindo
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso
• Gastroenteritis
• Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elihamba kancane nokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba
• Amachashazi amancane abomvu noma ama-rashes endaweni yesisu noma ngemuva

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ze-typhoid, izimpawu ezengeziwe zingase zenzeke kanye nomkhuhlane, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukujuluka ngokweqile
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile
• Ubende olukhulisiwe nesibindi
• Ukopha emathunjini
• Isisu esivuvuke ngendlela engavamile

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-TyphiDot kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ikhithi yokuhlola i-Typhidot kanye nesampula yegazi. Ukuze aqoqe isampula yegazi, i-phlebotomist ibeka umthambo engalweni, ihlanze indawo ngoketshezi olubulala amagciwane, futhi ibophe ngokuvikelekile i-tourniquet engalweni. Khona-ke, kusetshenziswa inaliti ukudweba isampula yegazi, efakwa ku-vial.

Inqubo yokuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot

Isampula yegazi lifakwa kukhithi yokuhlola i-Typhidot, lapho ixutshwa khona nezinto ezivuselelayo ezihlola ukuba khona kwamasosha omzimba aqondiwe egazini. Ikhithi yokuhlola ye-Typhidot inganikeza imiphumela phakathi namahora angu-1-3.

Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot

Ukuhlolwa kwe-TyphiDot kusetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe noma kugwenywe ukwenzeka kwe-typhoid fever ezigulini ezinomkhuhlane kanye nezimpawu ezifana ne-typhoid fever. Ukwengeza, udokotela noma umhlinzeki wezempilo ingase ituse ukuhlolwa kwe-TyphiDot IgM kubantu abasanda kuvakashela izindawo lapho i-typhoid fever ivame khona noma abachayeke kumagciwane. Ukuhlola kungase futhi kunconywe uma umuntu ephinda ebona izimpawu ze-typhoid fever.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot?

Ukuze kuhlolwe i-Typhidot, azikho izinyathelo zokuphepha ezithile noma amalungiselelo angase adingeke. Ukuzila ukudla ngokuvamile akudingekile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot. Nokho, kungase kunconywe ukuyeka ukuphuza imithi ethile noma izithasiselo zezempilo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli kufanele zazise udokotela wazo noma umhlinzeki wezempilo nganoma yiziphi izimo ezingase zibe nazo ukuze zisize ukuhlola ukuthi zingaphazamisa yini ukuhlolwa nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Amanani Emiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot

Lapho isampula yegazi ihlolelwa i-typhoid, ukuhlolwa kuthola ukuba khona kwawo womabili amasosha omzimba e-IgM ne-IgG. Ukuba khona kwamasosha omzimba e-IgM kuphakamisa ukutheleleka okusebenzayo noma kwakamuva, kuyilapho ukuba khona kwamasosha omzimba e-IgG kubonisa ukutheleleka kwangaphambilini noma ukugonyelwa kwangaphambilini. amagciwane e-typhoid. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot kuveza imiphumela emihle noma engemihle.

Uma ukuhlolwa kweTyphidot IgM kutholakala ukuthi une-typhoid, kubonisa ukuthi unegciwane elisebenzayo, futhi umuntu ohlolwa igazi lakhe uphethwe yi-typhoid. Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot IgM kungenayo, kusho ukuthi awekho amasosha omzimba akhona. Kulesi simo, kungase kuthiwe umuntu akaphethwe yi-typhoid, noma isampula lithathwe kusenesikhathi ukuze amasosha omzimba athuthuke ekuphenduleni ukutheleleka.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot kuwukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kwamasosha omzimba akhululwa ekuphenduleni amagciwane abangela i-typhoid fever. I-typhoid fever yisifo esiyingozi esingabulala futhi sisakazeka kalula. Ngakho-ke, ukuxilonga kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze kuqukethe ukusabalala nokwelapha i-typhoid nezimpawu ezihambisana nayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa 

1. Kuthiwani uma i-Typhidot ine-positive?

Izimpendulo. Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot kukhombisa ukuthi kukhona amasosha omzimba akhululwa ngenxa yamagciwane abangela i-typhoid, okusikisela ukuthi umuntu uphethwe i-typhoid fever eqhubekayo.

2. Kufanele kwenziwe nini ukuhlolwa kwe-typhoid?

Izimpendulo. Kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwe-typhoid uma eke wachayeka emagciwaneni abangela i-typhoid noma uma umuntu enezimpawu ze-typhoid fever.

3. Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyadingeka nge-typhoid?

Izimpendulo. Ukuze uthole ukunqunywa okusheshayo kwamagciwane abangela i-typhoid ngokuthola amasosha omzimba emzimbeni, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kusetshenziswa ikhithi ye-Typhidot kunganikeza imiphumela esheshayo yokuxilonga.

4. Ingabe i-Typhidot Test ithembekile?

Izimpendulo. Ukuhlolwa kweTyphidot kwethenjwa odokotela ekuxilongeni ngokushesha kwe-typhoid. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi kuthathwa njengephephile kuwo wonke amaqembu obudala. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot kunevelu yokubikezela evumayo engu-95%, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa kwe-Widal kunevelu engu-87% yokubikezela okuhle. Ngakho-ke, kubhekwa njengokwethenjelwa kakhulu njengokuhlolwa kwe-typhoid okusheshayo.

5. Inembe kangakanani iTyphidot?

Izimpendulo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot kunikeza imiphumela esheshayo, elula, nenembile yokuba khona kwamasosha omzimba emahoreni ambalwa. Ukucaciswa, ukuzwela, kanye nevelu yokubikezela okuhle kokuhlolwa kwe-Typhidot kungu-83%, 93%, no-95%, ngokulandelana. Ngakho-ke, kungabhekwa kunembe kakhulu.

6. Kubiza malini ukuhlolwa kweTyphidot?

Izimpendulo. Intengo yokuhlola ye-Typhidot IgM iphakathi kwama-Rs. 400 kanye nama-Rs. 700 emadolobheni ahlukene.