Ukuhlolwa kwe-urine culture ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga okuhlaziya isampula yomchamo ukuze kuhlolwe amagciwane noma imvubelo engase ibangele pheshana urinary ukutheleleka (UTI). Kuyisivivinyo esibalulekile sokuhlonza i-UTI kanye nokuthola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu kwama-antibiotic. Lesi sihloko sinikeza umbono jikelele wokuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo.

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo?

• Ukuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo, okubizwa nangokuthi a umchamo ukuhlolwa kwesiko, ihlola isampula yomchamo wamagciwane, njengamagciwane kanye nemvubelo engabangela izifo. 
• Ukuhlola kusebenza ngokwengeza izinto kusampula yomchamo ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwamagciwane nemvubelo. Uma ekhona, amabhaktheriya kanye nemvubelo kuzokwanda, okubonisa ukutheleleka. 
• Umhlinzeki wezempilo uzo-oda ukuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo uma kusolwa i-UTI ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zesiguli. Ukuhlolwa kungakhomba uhlobo oluthile lwamagciwane abangela ukutheleleka.

Inhloso yokuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo

Kunezizathu ezine eziyinhloko odokotela abasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo:

• Thola futhi Uhlonze I-UTIs: Isiko lomchamo omuhle liqinisekisa ukuthi isiguli sine-UTI edinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic okuholwa yimiphumela yokuhlolwa.
• Khomba I-Infecting Microorganism: Ukwazi amagciwane athile noma imvubelo ebangela i-UTI kuvumela udokotela ukuthi anikeze isibulala-magciwane esifaneleka kakhulu ukulwa nalelo gciwane.
• Qinisekisa Ukusebenza Kwemithi Elwa Namagciwane: Ukuphindaphinda isiko lomchamo ngemva ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic ikhombisa ukuthi imithi ebekiwe iyelapha ngempumelelo i-UTI.
• Phenya ama-UTI aphindaphindayo: Ukuhlonza izinhlobo zebhaktheriya ezibangela izindlela zokuvimbela eziphindaphindiwe ze-UTI zokumisa ukuphinda utheleleke.

Kudingeka nini ukuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo?

Isiko lomchamo lingadingeka uma:

• Izimpawu ze-UTI zikhona, njengokushiswa ukuchama, ukulangazelela njalo ukuchama, nomchamo onamafu, onegazi, noma onuka kabi.
• Ama-UTI aphindelelayo noma ama-UTI angalapheki okunzima ukuwaxazulula ayabonakala.
• Amaqembu asengozini, njengalawo anesifo sikashukela, Izinkinga zezinso, noma amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, angase adinge isiko lomchamo.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukutheleleka kwe-UTI ngesikhathi ukukhulelwa futhi uvimbele izingozi enganeni.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo?

• Kudingeka isampula lomchamo ohlanzekile, okusho ukuthi indawo yangasese ihlanzwa kahle kusengaphambili ukugwema ukungcoliswa. Ukugeza izandla nakho kubalulekile.
• Isampula yomchamo omusha iqoqwa phakathi nendawo esitsheni esingenalutho, okungenani ama-ounces angu-1-2 adingekayo.
• Lesi sampula sifukanyelwa amahora angama-24-48 ukuvumela noma yimaphi amagciwane akhona ukuthi aziphindaphinde kumazinga abonakalayo.
• Uma amabhaktheriya noma imvubelo ikhula, ukuhlolwa kokuzwela kwama-antibiotic nakho kwenziwa ukuze kunqunywe i-antibiotic engcono kakhulu.

Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo

• Ukuthola Ukutheleleka Kwe-Urinary Tract: Ukukhula kwamagciwane esikweni kubonisa i-UTI esebenzayo, edinga ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe kwama-antibiotic okuqondiswa ukutholwa kokuhlolwa.
• Ukuhlonza Amagciwane Aqondile: Ukuqaphela isilwane esibangela ukutheleleka kuvumela odokotela ukuba bakhethe i-antibiotic efanelekile kakhulu ukulwa nalelo gciwane.
• Ukuqinisekisa Ukusebenza Kwemithi Elwa Namagciwane: Ukuhlola okuphindaphindiwe ngemva kokwelashwa kubonisa ukuthi ama-antibiotics ayelapha ngempumelelo i-UTI.
• Ukuphenya ama-UTI aphindaphindayo: Kwembula izinhlobo zebhaktheriya ezihilelekile ekuthelelekeni okuphindaphindiwe ukuqondisa ukuvimbela ukuphindaphinda kwesikhathi esizayo.

Inqubo yokuhlola isiko lomchamo

• Iziguli zigeza izandla zazo nendawo yangasese ngaphambi kokuqoqa isampula lomchamo ophakathi nendawo liwufake esitsheni esingenalutho.
• Amasampula afukamela amahora angama-24-48 ukuvumela ukuphindaphindeka kwamagciwane uma ukutheleleka kukhona.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuzwela kwama-antibiotic nakho kungenziwa ukuze kuqondiswe ukukhethwa kwama-antibiotic angcono kakhulu okusekelwe ezintweni eziphilayo ezitholakele.

Kubuhlungu kangakanani ukuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo?

Ukuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo ngokwako akulimazi. Iziguli ngokuvamile azibiki ukuhlaziywa kwaselabhorethri kwesampula yomchamo njengokubuhlungu.

Nokho, okunye ukungaphatheki kahle kwesikhashana kungase kwenzeke phakathi nenqubo yokuqoqa isampula. Ukuhlanza isitho sangasese ngaphambi kokuchama kuhlanganisa ukusula izicubu ezithambile njengechopho lesitho sangasese sowesilisa noma i-labia, okungase kungakhululeki kancane.

Ukukhishwa komchamo ku-urethra ukuze kuqoqwe isampula ephakathi nendawo nakho kungabangela ukuluma okuncane noma ukushisa uma ukuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka sekuvele kukhona ngaphakathi komgudu womchamo. Ukuchama okunzima noma okunensayo kungabangela ukungakhululeki okwengeziwe.

Uma isampula selitholakele, abukho ubuhlungu obengeziwe ngokuvamile obuhlotshaniswa ngokuqondile nenqubo yesiko lomchamo ngokwawo. Izibonelo ziphathwa ngokucophelela ukuze kugcinwe ukunemba kokuhlaziywa kwesiko.

Amanye amathiphu okunciphisa ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa kwesampula yomchamo:

• Landela yonke imiyalelo yokulungiselela oyinikezwa umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinyathelo zokuhlanza nokugeza izandla eziklanyelwe ukugwema ukungcola.
• Zivumele ubumfihlo bakho ukuthi ugxile, uphumule, futhi uthathe isikhathi sakho uhlinzeka ngokugeleza komchamo. Ukuxhamazela kwandisa ingozi yokufafaza ngaphandle kwenkomishi yokuqoqa.
• Ukwenza umsindo ngokugeleza kwamanzi kungasiza ukuqala ukugeleza komchamo. Ukucindezelwa okufudumele ngaphansi kwe-urethra kungase kube nenzuzo.
• Khuluma uma udinga isitsha sesampula esincane noma indlela elungisiwe yokwenza ukunikeza amasampula kube lula ngokusekelwe kunoma yibuphi ubuhlungu obukhona noma ukulinganiselwa kokuhamba kokusebenza okukhona.

Nakuba ukuhlolwa ngokwako kungenabuhlungu kakhulu, ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract okuqinisekisiwe okukhonjwe isiko kungadinga ama-antibiotics futhi kubangele ukungakhululeki okuqhubekayo ngaphambi kokuba ukuphulukiswa kuqhubeke. Ukuqonda imiphumela yakho kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola ukwelashwa okufanele kwe-UTI nokukhululeka ebuhlungwini obuhlobene.

Ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo 

• Yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi, izimo zezokwelapha, noma izifo ezingase zibe nomthelela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa noma ingozi yakho yokutheleleka.
• Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuchama amahora angu-1-2 ngaphambi kokunikeza isampula yesampula yevolumu eyanele yesiko. 
• Ukuphuza uketshezi olwengeziwe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kungasiza ukuvuselela ukugeleza komchamo, kube lula ukuqoqwa kwesampula.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwesiko lomchamo (uma uphansi futhi uphakeme kunamazinga avamile)?

• Amazinga Ajwayelekile: Akukho ukukhula kwebhaktheriya okubalulekile.
• Amazinga Angavamile: Ukukhula okunamandla kwebhaktheriya noma imvubelo kubonisa i-UTI engase ibe khona. Umzimba othize wathola imihlahlandlela yokwelashwa okufanelekile kwama-antibiotic.
• Amazinga aphezulu kunavamile: Ibonisa ukutheleleka okusebenzayo. Ukukhula okuphansi kungase kumelele ukwelashwa okuyingxenye noma ukuxazulula izifo.

Imiphumela yokuhlola engavamile ebonisa ukukhula kwe-microbial ingase ihlanganise:

• I-Escherichia coli (E. coli) - igciwane elivame ukubangela i-UTI
• Iqembu B Streptococcus (Strep B) - edinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic
• Imvubelo, efana ne-Candida - edinga imithi elwa nesikhunta
• Izilwane ezimelana nemithi - ezidinga imithi ekhethekile yokulwa nazo

Landela imithi enqunywe udokotela wakho yokwelapha izinto eziphilayo ezitholakala kusiko lomchamo. Ukuphindaphinda amasiko omchamo kungase kudingeke ukuze kuqinisekiswe imvume yokutheleleka ngemva kokwelashwa.

Isiphetho

Isiko lomchamo kuwukuhlola okubalulekile okuhlonza ngokunembile izifo zomgudu womchamo. Amasampula omchamo aqoqwe kahle ayatshalwa ukuze avumele ukuhlaziywa kokukhula kwamagciwane. Imiphumela emihle yesiko iqondisa ukwelashwa okunembile kwama-antibiotic, kuyilapho imiphumela engemihle ibonisa ukuthi akukho ukutheleleka. Ukuqonda ukuhlaziywa kwakho kokuchama kanye nanoma yimiphi imiphumela yesiko lomchamo kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwama-UTI.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Liyini izinga elijwayelekile lesiko lomchamo?

Izimpendulo: Isiko elijwayelekile lomchamo ngeke libonise ukukhula kwebhaktheriya noma ngaphansi kwezi-10,000 zamayunithi akha amakholoni (CFUs) ngemililitha ngayinye. Noma yikuphi ukukhula okuphezulu kunalokhu akujwayelekile futhi kubonisa ukutheleleka.

2. Kwenzekani uma izinga lomchamo likhona?

Izimpendulo: Isiko lomchamo omuhle lisho ukuthi amagciwane atholakele kusampula yomchamo, okuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-UTI. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic okuqondiswe kubhaktheriya akhonjwe ekuhlolweni.

3. Kwenzekani uma izinga lomchamo lingalungile?

I-Ans: Umphumela ongemuhle wokuchama ukhombisa ukungakhuli okubalulekile kwebhaktheriya, okukhombisa ukuthi akukho ukutheleleka okukhona. Udokotela wakho uzophenya ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu zakho.

4. Yiziphi ezinye zezinkinga ezingase zibe khona ezingeni lesiko lomchamo?

Izimpendulo: Uma i-UTI ekhonjwe isiko elingavamile iyekwa ingelashwa, ukutheleleka kungadlulela ezinso. Ukuphindaphinda kwe-UTI ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nakho kungabangela ukulimala kwezinso kwezinye izimo.

5. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi izinga lomchamo lisebenze?

Izimpendulo: Ngemva kokuqoqa isampula lomchamo, inqubo yokukhushulwa ithatha amahora angu-24-48 ukuvumela isikhathi esanele sokukhula kwamagciwane ukuze kuhlaziywe. Imiphumela ngokuvamile itholakala phakathi namahora angu-72.