Ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL noma i-Venereal Disease Research Laboratory ukuhlola igazi okuklanyelwe ukubona i-Syphilis. Ngenxa yalokho, wonke umuntu obonisa ngisho nezimpawu ezincane ze-syphilis kufanele ahlolwe. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-VDRL kungaba usizo kulesi simo. Lokhu kuhlola kungasetshenziswa ukuthola ubukhona beSyphilis kumuntu ngamunye futhi, uma kunjalo, ukuthi isimo sibucayi kangakanani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela bangasebenzisa okutholwe ekuhlolweni ukuze banqume indlela yokwelashwa efaneleke kakhulu.

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL kuwuhlolo oluthile lokuhlola a izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi okuthiwa i-Syphilis, okuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo uma ingelashwa. Ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL kuqapha ukukhiqizwa komzimba kwamaprotheni noma amasosha omzimba ekuphenduleni kubhaktheriya i-Treponema Pallidum, ebangela iSyphilis. Uma la masosha omzimba etholakala esilinganisweni segazi, kusho ukuthi umuntu uke wachayeka ebhaktheriya elibanga ugcunsula. Uma isiguli sibonisa izimpawu nezimpawu ze-STD, udokotela waso angase aseluleke ukuba enze lokhu kuhlolwa. Ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL ekukhulelweni kuyingxenye evamile yokwelashwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha phakathi nokukhulelwa.  

Inhloso yokuhlolwa kwe-VDRL

Uma kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu angaba ne-Syphilis, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL. Izimpawu zokuqala ezingase ziholele kudokotela ukuthi aphakamise lokhu kuhlolwa zihlanganisa:

• Isilonda esisodwa esincane nesingenabuhlungu
• Ukwandiswa kwe-lymph node eduze kwesilonda
• Ukuqubuka emzimbeni okungalunywanga

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela angase enze ukuhlolwa kwe-syphilis ngisho noma isiguli singenazo izimpawu. Udokotela uzohlola njalo i-syphilis njengengxenye yokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha. Uma isiguli silashelwa enye i-STI, njenge-gonorrhoea, noma uma sinaso ukutheleleka nge-HIV, udokotela angase futhi atuse ukuthi bahlolelwe iSyphilis. 

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-VDRL?

Ngokuvamile, okudingekayo ku-VDRL ukuthi uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo aqoqe isampula yegazi. Igazi ngokuvamile lithathwa emthanjeni obekwe endololwaneni noma ngemuva kwesandla, bese isampula lithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze lihlaziywe ukuthi akhona yini amasosha omzimba akhiqizwa ngenxa yeSyphilis. Akudingekile ukuzila ukudla noma ukuyeka noma yimiphi imithi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-VDRL. Uma i udokotela efisa ukuhoxisa le mfuneko, bazokwazisa isiguli ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Isiguli sizokwaziswa kusengaphambili ngokuhlolwa uma udokotela enquma ukwenza okuhlukile.  

Inqubo yokuhlolwa kwe-VDRL

Isikhathi esiningi, odokotela bahlola amazinga e-VDRL besebenzisa amasampula egazi ezigulini zabo. Ukuhlola, nokho, kungenziwa kusetshenziswa isampula ye-CSF. Inqubo yokuhlola i-VDRL imi kanje:

Ukuqoqwa Kwesampula Legazi - Inaliti engenalutho isetshenziselwa ukuhlaba umthambo endololwaneni yesiguli noma ngemuva kwesandla saso ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa kwesampula yegazi. Igazi libe selidonselwa eshubhuni lokuqoqa elixhunywe enalitini ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ukwenza kube lula ukuthola imithambo, ibhande lerabha lingase liboshwe endaweni yomjovo ukusiza ukuhlaba inaliti.

Iqoqo le-CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid). - Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwegazi, uketshezi lomgogodla lungabhekwa njengoba izifo ezifana ne-Syphilis zingasakazekela ezicutshini zobuchopho. Amasampula e-CSF aqoqwa odokotela besebenzisa indlela eyaziwa ngokuthi i-lumbar puncture noma i-spinal tap. Umuntu uzolala ngohlangothi futhi alethe imilenze yakhe esifubeni kuyo yonke inqubo. Umuthi obulala izinzwa wasendaweni uzosetshenziswa uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze kubulawe amagciwane futhi kuthumbe indawo yomjovo. Bazobe sebefaka inaliti yomgogodla emgogodleni ophansi futhi basuse inani elincane le-CSF.

Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa kwe-VDRL

I-VDRL ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengengxenye yohlelo olujwayelekile lokuhlola umumo wocansi kubantu abathanda ucansi. Kubuye kuphakanyiswe ukuthi isetshenziswe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ngenxa yokudluliselwa okungenzeka kwe-Syphilis isuka kumama iye kusana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukwengeza, ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL kusetshenziselwa ukuthola abantu abanezimpawu ezihlobene nogcunsula, njengokuqubuka noma izilonda. 

Ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL kusetshenziselwa ukuhlolela i-Syphilis ngokuthola amasosha omzimba noma amaprotheni akhiqizwa umzimba lapho kukhona amagciwane abangela ugcunsula. Esimeni lapho kuhlolwa khona ukuthi i-VDRL inemiphumela emihle, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa kanye nokuthola inkambo yokwelashwa efaneleke kakhulu. 

Ukuqonda imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho kwe-VDRL

Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-syphilis antibody kungenayo, kubonisa ukuthi cishe awunayo ugcunsula.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-antibody ye-syphilis ku-positive, kuphakamisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukutheleleka ngogcunsula, kodwa ukuqinisekiswa kuyadingeka. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela wakho uzo-oda ukuhlolwa okuqondile, ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa kwe-treponemal, ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho akhiqize amasosha omzimba athile ekuphenduleni ibhaktheriya elibangela ugcunsula, i-Treponema pallidum.

Ukulungiselela kanjani Ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-VDRL akudingi ukulungiswa kwangaphambili. Noma yimiphi imithi etholakala ezitolo noma izinto ezingekho emthethweni ezisetshenziswa isiguli kufanele zidalulwe kudokotela. Ukwengeza, isiguli kufanele sazise udokotela nganoma imaphi amavithamini, amakhambi noma izithasiselo zokwelapha okungenzeka ukuthi siyazisebenzisa. Ukuhlolwa kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yegazi elincane emthanjeni osengalweni, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela uma isiguli sinenkinga yokopha noma sithatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi.

Amanani okuhlolwa kwe-VDRL - Imiphumela

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ihlukaniswa ngokuthi ingasebenzi (negative) noma i-reactive (positive). Umphumela wokuhlolwa one-VDRL uveza ukuba khona kwamasosha omzimba akhomba ukutheleleka kwamanje noma kwangaphambilini kogcunsula. Ukuhlola okwengeziwe, okufana ne-TPHA & FTA-Abs, kungase kudingeke uma ukuhlolwa ku-positive ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa nokuthola isigaba sokutheleleka. Ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL ukuthi awunayo kusho ukuthi isampula yegazi lalingenawo amasosha omzimba ku-Syphilis.

Izingozi

Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa kwe-VDRL kunikeza indlela elula nevikelekile yokuthola izifo zogcunsula. Azikho izingozi ezinkulu ezihlobene nokuhlolwa ngokwako; noma kunjalo, kungase kube nezinkinga ezincane ezingase zivele ekudwebeni kwegazi nokubhoboza isifunda se-lumbar. Lezi zinkinga zingabandakanya:

• Ama-pricks amaningana uma umkhumbi wegazi kunzima ukuwuthola
• Ubuhlungu noma ubuhlungu eduze kwendawo yomjovo
• Ukulimala kwangemva kwenqubo noma ukopha.
• Isiyezi nobuthakathaka
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elimaphakathi kuya kwelinzima
• Umlenze noma iqolo eliphansi noma ukuba ndikindiki
• Ukutheleleka endaweni yomjovo

Isiphetho

Uma nje umuntu esola ukuthi uke wachayeka ku-Syphilis, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela abanolwazi CARE Izibhedlela futhi wenze ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-VDRL kwenziwe. Uma ingelashwa, ingase isakazeke kuwo wonke umzimba futhi yenze kube nzima ukusebenza kwezinye izitho. Okubaluleke kakhulu okufanele ukukhumbule ukuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni kocansi okuphephile, futhi uma kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu uhlangane neSyphilis, kufanele abonane nodokotela ngokushesha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-VDRL iyi-STD?

Izimpendulo. I-syphilis isifo esithathelwana ngocansi (STI), kanti i-Venereal Disease Research Laboratory noma ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL kuhloswe ngayo ukunquma ukuthi umuntu unaso yini.

2. Kuthiwani uma i-VDRL inegethivu futhi i-TPHA ithi phozithivu?

Izimpendulo. I-TPHA ivamise ukunikezwa ezimeni ezine-titer engaphansi kuka-1:8, futhi uma unayo, isiguli sitholakala sine-Syphilis futhi sinikezwe ukwelashwa okufanele. Ukuhlolwa kwe-TPHA-positive/VDRL-negative kubonisa ukuba khona kwe-treponemal infection esigulini.

3. Isho Ukuthini Imiphumela Engavamile?

Izimpendulo. Uma ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi une-HIV, kubonisa ukuthi umuntu ohlolwayo angase abe namasosha omzimba ahlobene nogcunsula. Ukunquma ukuthi banaso yini i-Syphilis, bazodinga ukuhlolwa kwesibili. Bazoqala ukuthola ukwelashwa okuhlolelwa ukuthi bane-VDRL uma ukuhlolwa kokulandelela kuveza ukuthi bane-Syphilis.

4. Ingabe i-VDRL iphila impilo yonke?

Izimpendulo. Izimpawu ze-VDRL-positive zisho ukutheleleka nge-syphilis. Ingelapheka ngempumelelo uma itholakele futhi yelashwa kusenesikhathi.

5. I-VDRL ine-positive isikhathi eside kangakanani?

Izimpendulo. Ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-Syphilis eyinhloko, yesibili, noma equlekile, izihloko zokuhlola i-VDRL kufanele zehle okungenani ngokuphindwe ka-4 ezinyangeni ezingu-3-6 futhi ezinyangeni ezingu-12-24, ngokulandelana.

Izikhombo:

https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/syphilis-tests/#:~:text=If%20your%20screening%20test%20results%20are%20positive%2C%20it%20means%20you,penicillin%2C%20a%20type%20of%20antibiotic.