Ukuhlolwa kwevithamini D kuwukuhlolwa kwezempilo okubalulekile okulinganisa amazinga alesi sakhi emzimbeni wakho. Abantu abaningi abasazi isimo sabo se-vitamin D. Izimpawu zokushoda zikhula kancane futhi kungaba nzima ukuzibona. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kukusiza ukuthi ufunde mayelana nesici esibalulekile esigcina amathambo akho eqinile, esekela umsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba futhi egcina inhlalakahle jikelele.

Umzimba wakho udinga uvithamini D owanele ukuze usebenze kahle. A ukuntuleka kwale vitamin D kungabangela izinkinga eziningi zempilo. Lezi zinkinga zihlanganisa ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukuncipha kokuzivikela komzimba, nokuphazamiseka kwamathambo. Amaleveli aphansi nawo axhumeka ku umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Abantu abadala asebekhulile bangase babhekane nezinkinga zengqondo kanye nobungozi obukhulu bomdlavuza. Abantu abadala abafika eminyakeni engama-70 kufanele bathathe ama-600 IUs (Amayunithi Amazwe Ngamazwe) nsuku zonke. Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 badinga ama-IU angama-800 ngosuku.

Ukungabi novithamini D owanele kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Amathambo akho angase abe buthaka, imisipha ingase ibe buhlungu, futhi ungase uzizwe ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ingozi ye ukuphuka kwamathambo futhi ikhuphuka. Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokuntuleka kwevithamini D kubandakanyani. Uzofunda uma uyidinga, uzilungiselela kanjani, nokuthi imiphumela yakho isho ukuthini empilweni yakho.

Kuyini Ukuhlolwa Kwevithamini D?

Ukuhlolwa kwevithamini D kukala inani le-25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) egazini lakho. Odokotela babiza lokhu kuhlolwa ngendlela enembe kakhulu yokuhlola amazinga akho kavithamini D. Isibindi sakho sishintsha uvithamini D kusukela ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ukudla, kanye nezithako ezengeza kufomu le-25-hydroxyvitamin D ngaphambi kokuba umzimba wakho ukwazi ukulisebenzisa.

Amalebhu abika amazinga kavithamini D ngezindlela ezimbili: ama-nanogram ngemililitha (ng/mL) noma ama-nanomoles ilitha (nmol/L). Lezi zilinganiso zisiza odokotela banqume ukuthi isimo sakho sikavithamini D siyashoda, asanele, sanele, noma singaba nobuthi.

Kufanele Uthole Nini Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Le-Vitamin D?

Odokotela abancomi ukuhlolwa kwe-vitamin D okujwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu. Noma kunjalo, ungadinga ukuhlolwa kulezi zimo:

• Unezinkinga zamathambo njenge-osteomalacia, i-osteopenia, noma kwamathambo
• Uzwa ubuhlungu bethambo, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, noma ukuphuka njalo
• Iminyaka yakho ingaphezu kwama-65 (kokubili ukukhiqizwa kwesikhumba kanye nokumuncwa kwevithamini D emathunjini kuncipha ngokuya ngeminyaka)
• Unokuchayeka elangeni okulinganiselwe ngokuhlala endlini noma ukumboza ngaphandle
• Unezimo zezokwelapha ezithinta ukumuncwa kwezakhi ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn, izilonda emathunjini, noma yesifo celiac
• Uthatha imithi ethinta amazinga kavithamini D, kuhlanganise nama-statins athile, ama-steroids, nezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuthunjwa.

Izingane ezincela ibele zidinga ukugadwa uvithamini D ngoba ubisi lwebele luqukethe amanani aphansi alesi sakhi. Abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama bangase badinge ukuhlolwa ngoba i-melanin yehlisa ikhono lesikhumba lokukhiqiza uvithamini D ekukhanyeni kwelanga.

Kungani Ngidinga Ukuhlolwa Kwevithamini D?

Lokhu kuhlola kuhlola ukuthi umzimba wakho une-vitamin D eyanele yini ukuze usebenze kahle. I-Vitamin D idlala indima ebalulekile ekumunceni kwe-calcium, ethinta ngqo impilo yamathambo akho.

Ukuhlolwa kusiza ukunquma ukuthi amazinga kavithamini D abangela izinkinga zempilo. Ukusho nje isibonelo esisodwa, ukushoda kwe-vitamin D kubangela ama-rickets ezinganeni & i-osteomalacia kubantu abadala. Abantu abanesifo sezinso noma sesibindi bangase bakudinge lokhu kuhlolwa ngoba lezi zitho zishintsha uvithamini D ube sesimweni esisebenzayo.

Inqubo yokuhlolwa kwe-Vitamin D 

Isampula yegazi elijwayelekile liyadingeka ukuze kuhlolwe uvithamini D. Nakhu okwenzekayo:

• Udokotela uhlanza ingalo yakho ngesibulala-magciwane. Basonga ibhande elinwebekayo engalweni yakho engenhla ukuze benze imithambo ibonakale. 
• Inalithi encane ingena emthanjeni wakho ukuze iqoqe igazi ngeshubhu lokuhlola. Ungase uzizwe uluma ngokushesha njengokulunywa yintuthwane. 
• Ngemva kokuqoqa igazi, udokotela ukhipha inaliti, afake ingcindezi yokuyeka ukopha, bese ethumela isampula yakho elebhu.
• Lonke lolu sizi luthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu.

Uzilungiselela Kanjani Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Vit D?

Ukulungela lokhu kuhlolwa kulula. Ngokuvamile awudingi amalungiselelo akhethekile. Amanye amalebhu angase akucele ukuthi ungadli amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-8 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, ngokusekelwe endleleni yawo. 

Yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi, amavithamini, noma izithasiselo ozisebenzisayo njengoba lokhu kungashintsha imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa. Ungayeki ukuphuza imithi oyinikeziwe ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekutshela.

Isho Ukuthini Imiphumela Engavamile

Imiphumela iwela ezigabeni ezimbalwa:

• Amazinga aphansi e-Vitamin D: Izinombolo ezingaphansi kuka-30 nmol/L (12 ng/mL) zibonisa ukuntula. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwelanga okwanele, ukudla okungenamsoco, izinkinga zokumuncwa, noma imithi ethile. Amazinga aphansi angaholela ezinkingeni zamathambo kanye nokuphuka okwengeziwe.
• Amazinga anganele: Izinombolo eziphakathi kuka-30-50 nmol/L (12-20 ng/mL) zibonisa ukuntula. Ungase ungaziboni izimpawu, kodwa la mazinga angalimaza amathambo akho.
• Izinga elivamile leVit D: Ochwepheshe batusa amazinga aphakathi kuka-50-125 nmol/L (20-50 ng/mL) ukuze abe nempilo enhle. Lolu hlu lusiza ukugcina amathambo aqinile kanye nempilo yonke.
• Amazinga Aphakeme Kavithamini D: Izinombolo ezingaphezu kuka-125 nmol/L (50 ng/mL) zibonisa ubuthi obungaba khona. Lokhu akuvamile ukwenzeka ngokwemvelo kodwa ngokuvamile kuvela ekuthatheni izithasiselo eziningi kakhulu. Amazinga aphezulu angabangela i-hypercalcemia (i-calcium eningi egazini), engalimaza izinso zakho nezinye izitho.

Udokotela wakho angase aphakamise izithasiselo zikavithamini D, izinguquko zokudla, noma ukuhlola okwengeziwe okusekelwe emiphumeleni yakho ukuze athole ukuthi kungani kwenzeka.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Vitamin D kuyingxenye ebalulekile yempilo yakho iyonke. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kubonisa ukuthi umzimba wakho unawo yini lo msoco obalulekile ukuze usebenze kahle. Abantu abaningi banamazinga aphansi kavithamini D futhi abazi baze babe nezimpawu ezibucayi.

Imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa iyindlela enhle yokuthola isiqondiso ngezinqumo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ukufundwa okungaphansi kuka-30 nmol/L kudinga ukunakwa ngokushesha, kuyilapho amazinga aphakathi kuka-30-50 nmol/L abonisa ukuthi udinga izithasiselo. Odokotela baphakamisa ukuthi kugcinwe amazinga phakathi kuka-50-125 nmol/L ukuze uthole izinzuzo zezempilo ezihamba phambili.

Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yakho, ungenza izinguquko ezilula zendlela yokuphila noma uqale ukuthatha izithasiselo. Ukukhanya kwelanga okwengeziwe, izinguquko ekudleni, nezithako zikavithamini D kungakhuphula amazinga akho ngokuphepha. Iseluleko sikadokotela sizokunikeza uhlelo olusebenza kangcono esimweni sakho esithile.

Ukwazi isimo sakho sikavithamini D kukusiza ukuthi ulawule impilo yakho. Lolu lwazi luvimbela izinkinga ezingathi sína ezifana ne-osteoporosis, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, nokungavikeleki kahle komzimba. Nakuba ngokuvamile kunganakwa, ukuhlolwa kwe-vitamin D kusiza ukugcina amathambo aqinile futhi kusekela imisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba wakho kukho konke ukuphila.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Kwenzekani uma uvithamini D ephezulu?

Ukuthatha izithasiselo eziningi kakhulu, hhayi ukuchayeka elangeni, ngokuvamile kubangela amazinga e-vitamin D eqile. I-calcium yegazi lakho ingakhuphukela kumazinga ayingozi (hypercalcemia). Lesi simo siyabangela isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukungakuthandi ukudla, ukuqunjelwa, ebuthakathakeni, ukudideka nezinkinga zezinso. Ubuthi buba nzima ngokwanele ukuthi bubangele ukwehluleka kwezinso, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kokuxhumana (ataxia) kwezinye izimo.

2. Kwenzekani uma uvithamini D ephansi?

Umzimba wakho awukwazi ukumunca kahle i-calcium ngamazinga aphansi kavithamini D. Izingane ziba nama-rickets kuyilapho abantu abadala bethola i-osteomalacia ngenxa yokuntuleka okukhulu. Ungase ube buthakathaka kwemisipha, ukungenwa izifo njalo kanye namanxeba aphola kancane. Umfutho wakho wegazi ungase ukhuphuke.

3. Liyini izinga elijwayelekile likavithamini D?

Odokotela bathi i-20-50 ng/mL (50-125 nmol/L) isekela impilo enhle. Amazinga akho akhombisa ukuntula okungaphansi kuka-20 ng/mL, kanti u-21-29 ng/mL ukhomba ukuntula.

4. Iyini inkomba yokuhlolwa kukavithamini D?

Odokotela batusa ukuhlolwa uma unezinkinga zamathambo, ubuhlungu bethambo obungachazwanga, izimo ze-malabsorption, isifo sezinso esingapheli, isifo sesibindi noma ubuthakathaka bemisipha. Ungase udinge ukuhlolwa uma imithi yakho ithinta i-vitamin D metabolism.

5. Ingabe i-CBC ingathola ukuntula kwevithamini D?

I-Complete Blood Count (CBC) ayikwazi ukukhombisa ukushoda kwevithamini D. Udinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqondile kwe-25-hydroxyvitamin D ukuze uhlole isimo sakho sevithamini D.

6. Yiziphi izimpawu zokuntula uvithamini D?

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zivela kanje:

• Ubuhlungu be-Bone
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• Ukukhathala
• Ukugula njalo
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele
• Ukucindezeleka 
• Ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda
• Izingane zingase zingakhuli ngendlela efanele.

7. Ingabe i-vitamin D ephansi ikwenza ukhathele?

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kokuntuleka kwevithamini D nokukhathala. Ngokwezifundo, abantu abadala asebekhulile abane-vitamin D ephansi bazizwa bekhathele kakhulu.