I-Acrocyanosis

Abantu abaningi baba nezandla nezinyawo ezibandayo, ezinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ikakhulukazi ebusika. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale njengokusabela okuvamile esimweni sezulu esibandayo, kungase kube uphawu lwe-acrocyanosis, isimo esithinta ukujikeleza kwegazi emaphethelweni omzimba. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola izici ezibalulekile ze-acrocyanosis, okubandakanya izimpawu zayo, izimbangela, ukuxilongwa, namasu okuphatha. Uzofunda nokuthi ungasibona kanjani isimo, uqonde imithelela yaso, futhi wazi ukuthi ungalufuna nini usizo lwezokwelapha.

Iyini i-Acrocyanosis?

I-Acrocyanosis wukuphazamiseka okusebenzayo kwemithambo yegazi okwenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi emincane emaphethelweni omzimba iba minyene isikhathi eside kunokuvamile. Lesi simo sithola igama laso egameni lesiGreki elithi “Akron” (umkhawulo) nelithi “kyanos” (eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), elichaza ngokunembile isici saso esiyinhloko.

Lesi simo sibonakala njengokushintsha kombala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuqhubekayo, okungenabuhlungu okuthinta ikakhulukazi izandla nezinyawo, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kungadlulela ebusweni. Uma imithambo yegazi imincane, inciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ezicutshini ezizungezile, okuholela ekwehleni kokulethwa komoyampilo kanye nokushintsha kombala okulandelayo. I-Acrocyanosis ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa ivamile, kodwa noma ubani angaba nalesi simo. 

Odokotela baqaphela izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ze-acrocyanosis:

• I-Acrocyanosis Eyisisekelo:
  • Kwenzeka ngaphandle kwemibandela engaphansi
  • Ngokuvamile kuthinta izinhlangothi zombili ngokulinganayo
  • Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukucindezeleka okubandayo noma okungokomzwelo
  • Ngokuvamile ayinangozi futhi iyahlehla
• I-Acrocyanosis yesibili:
  • Kuhlotshaniswa nezimo zempilo ezingaphansi
  • Ingase ithinte uhlangothi olulodwa kuphela
  • Idinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelashwa
  • Ingaxhunyaniswa nezimo ezihlukahlukene zezokwelapha

Isici esiyingqayizivele salesi simo uphawu luka-Crocq, olubhekisela ekubuyeni kancane nokungajwayelekile kokugeleza kwegazi endaweni ngemva kokufaka umfutho. 

Izimpawu ze-Acrocyanosis

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-acrocyanosis zihlanganisa:

• Ukushintshwa kombala kwezandla, izinyawo, iminwe nezinzwane ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumpunga
• Izandla nezinyawo ezibandayo, ezineqhwa, nezijulukile
• Ukuvuvukala ezindaweni ezithintekile
• Ukugeleza kwegazi okuncishisiwe kuya emaphethelweni
• Ukushisa okuphansi kwesikhumba ezindaweni ezithintekile
• Ukushintsha kombala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuba kubi kakhulu ngokuchayeka kubanda futhi kuba ngcono ngokufudumala. 

Yiziphi Izimbangela Nezingozi Ze-Acrocyanosis?

I-acrocyanosis eyinhloko yenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi incipha ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isimo sezempilo esingaphansi. Izimbangela eziphambili zihlanganisa:

• Ukuchayeka emazingeni okushisa abandayo
• I-genetic predisposition to constriction yemithambo yegazi
• Ukuhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme ezinamazinga okushisa abandayo kanye namazinga aphansi e-oxygen

Izimbangela ze-acrocyanosis yesibili zihlanganisa:

• Isifo sikaRaynaud
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla noma ukungondleki kahle
• Amazinga aphansi we-oxygen egazini
• Izifo
• Izifo ze-vascular peripheral
• Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi
• Cancer
• Ukulimala kwentambo yomgogodla
• Izifo zofuzo, njenge-Down syndrome, i-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
• Imithi ethile

Kunezici eziningana ezingandisa ingozi yomuntu yokuba ne-acrocyanosis. Abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-acrocyanosis eyinhloko uma:

• Sebenza ngaphandle uma kubanda
• Iba nenkomba yesisindo somzimba ephansi
• Bangaphansi kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala

Izinkinga ze-Acrocyanosis

Nakuba izimo eziningi ze-acrocyanosis ziyingozi, izinkinga zingavela kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni kanye nezimbangela eziyisisekelo. Ubunzima nomthelela walezi zinkinga buyahluka kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo eziyinhloko nesesibili zesimo.

I-acrocyanosis eyinhloko ngokuvamile iveza izinkinga ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, i-acrocyanosis yesibili ingaholela ezinkingeni ezimbi kakhulu:

• Ukulimala Kwezicubu: I-acrocyanosis yesibili ngokuvamile ibangela ubuhlungu nokulimala kwezicubu, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ze-blue toe syndrome
• Imiphumela ye-Asymmetrical: Ngokungafani nezimo eziyinhloko, i-acrocyanosis yesibili ivame ukuthinta izingxenye zomzimba ngokungalingani
• Izimpawu Eziqhubekayo: Lesi simo singakhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okungase kubonise ukuwohloka kwezinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo
• Ukubikezela Okuguquguqukayo: Umbono we-acrocyanosis yesibili uncike kakhulu esimweni sezempilo esingaphansi futhi ungaba yingozi kwabanye abantu.

Sifo

Inqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ihilela izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

• Ukuhlola Umzimba:
  • Ukuhlolwa kwezindawo ezithintekile ukuze kubandakanyeke amazwe amabili
  • Ukuhlolwa kwama-peripheral pulses ukukala amazinga komoyampilo wegazi
  • Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa kwamaphethelo
  • Ihlola amaphethini okujuluka
• Ukuhlolwa Kwaselabhorethri:
  • Isibalo segazi esiphelele, ESR, kanye ne-C-reactive protein
  • Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi nezinso
  • Izilinganiso zezinga le-oxygen yegazi
  • I-Urinalysis

Ezimweni lapho kusolwa i-acrocyanosis yesibili, odokotela bazohlola okwengeziwe okuyisipesheli, okuhlanganisa amaX-ray esifuba, ama-biopsy esikhumba, kanye ne-nailfold capillaroscopy (ukuze bahlukanise i-cyanosis eyinhloko ekuphazamisekeni kwezicubu ezixhumene nesigaba sokuqala).

Ukwelashwa kwe-Acrocyanosis

Isu lokuphatha ngokuvamile lihlanganisa:

Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila:

• Ukugwema ukuchayeka emakhazeni
• Ukugqoka izingubo ezivaliwe kanye namabhuzu
• Ukusebenzisa amasokisi e-polypropylene liner encane ukugcina izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lesikhumba
• Ukulandela izindlela ezifanele zokudla kanye nenhlanzeko

Odokotela bagcizelela ukuthi ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akudingekile ku-primary acrocyanosis, njengoba lesi simo ngokuvamile singenabungozi. Ezimweni ze-acrocyanosis yesibili, indlela yokwelapha igxile ngokuyinhloko ekubhekaneni nesimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo. Ezinye izimo ezinzima zingazuza emithini ethile, okuhlanganisa ama-alpha-adrenergic blocking agents, nakuba imiphumela ihluka phakathi kweziguli. Odokotela bangase bacabangele izinketho zokuhlinzwa ezifana ne-sympathectomy ezimeni ezingavamile kakhulu, kodwa lokhu akuvamile ukuthi kulunge ezigulini eziningi.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Ukubonisana nodokotela kuyadingeka lapho abantu behlangabezana:

• Ukuguquguquka okuqhubekayo ezandleni nasezinyaweni ngaphandle kokuchayeka emakhazeni
• Ukuthuthukiswa kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezindebeni, olimini, noma umzimba
• Ubuhlungu obuhambisana nokuguquka kombala
• Umbala we-asymmetrical emaphethelweni

Prevention

Nakuba i-acrocyanosis yesibili ingase ingagwemeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenxa yezimo zempilo ezingaphansi, kunamasu amaningana asebenzayo abantu abangawasebenzisa.

Izinyathelo Ezibalulekile Zokuvimbela:

• Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela ezifanele, okuhlanganisa amabhuzu avaleleke namasokisi ashisayo
• Sebenzisa amasokisi e-polypropylene liner amancane ukuze ugcine izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lesikhumba futhi ukhiphe umswakama
• Gcina izifudumezi zezandla emaphaketheni ejazi ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo
• Gwema ukuchayeka ngokungadingekile emazingeni okushisa abandayo
• Zijwayeze ukudla okufanele kanye nemikhuba yenhlanzeko

Kubazali bezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, izindlela eziqondile zokuvimbela zihlanganisa ukusonga izingane ngezingubo zokulala ezifudumele futhi ngokushesha zizisonge ngamathawula ngemva kokugeza. Lezi zinyathelo ezilula zisiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba elifanele futhi zinciphise ingozi ye-acrocyanosis ezinganeni.

Isiphetho

I-Acrocyanosis iveza izinselele ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni kanye nezimbangela eziwumsuka. I-acrocyanosis eyinhloko, nakuba iphathelene, ayivamile ukubeka izingozi ezinkulu zempilo futhi isabela kahle ezinguqukweni ezilula zokuphila. I-acrocyanosis yesibili idinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo njengoba ivamise ukukhomba izimo zempilo ezibucayi ezidinga ukwelashwa okufanele.

Abantu ababhekana nokushintsha kombala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuqhubekayo emaphethelweni abo kufanele banake izimpawu zabo futhi balandelele noma yiziphi izinguquko. Izinyathelo ezilula zokuvimbela njengokugqoka izingubo ezifanele kanye nokugwema ukubanda isikhathi eside kungenza umehluko omkhulu kulabo abane- primary acrocyanosis. Kodwa-ke, noma ubani obona izimpawu ezingavamile, ikakhulukazi umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezindaweni ezimaphakathi zomzimba noma amaphethini angalingani, kufanele afune ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-cyanosis ne-acrocyanosis?

Nakuba zombili izimo zihlanganisa ukuguquguquka kwesikhumba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zihluka kakhulu ngendawo kanye nobukhulu. I-Cyanosis isho umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-nsomi noma yikuphi esikhunjeni, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinesikhumba esincanyana njengezindebe nezindlebe. I-Acrocyanosis ithinta ngokusobala imikhawulo, njengezandla nezinyawo, futhi ngokuvamile ijwayelekile ezinganeni uma kungekho zingxenye zomzimba ezithintekayo.

2. Kungani izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zine-acrocyanosis?

Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zivame ukuba ne-acrocyanosis phakathi namahora ambalwa okuqala okuphila ngoba imizimba yazo ibeka phambili ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni ezibalulekile njengobuchopho, amaphaphu nezinso. Le nqubo yemvelo isho ukugeleza kwegazi elincane ukuya emaphethelweni ekuqaleni. Isimo ngokuvamile siyaxazululeka njengoba ukujikeleza kwengane kushintsha ukuphila ngaphandle kwesibeletho.

3. Uyimisa kanjani i-acrocyanosis?

Izimo eziningi ze-acrocyanosis eyinhloko azidingi ukwelashwa okuqondile. Nokho, amasu amaningana okuphatha angasiza:

• Ukugqoka izingubo ezifudumele, ikakhulukazi amagilavu ​​namasokisi ashisayo
• Ukugwema ukuchayeka emakhazeni isikhathi eside
• Ukusebenzisa izifudumezi-zandla emaphaketheni ejazi
• Ukugcina isisindo somzimba esinempilo

4. I-acrocyanosis ingahlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ubude besikhathi buyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo. I-acrocyanosis eyinhloko ivame ukuba ngcono ngokufudumala futhi ingase ixazulule ngokuphelele eminyakeni ephakathi. I-Acrocyanosis esanda kuzalwa ngokuvamile ihlala amahora ambalwa ngemva kokuzalwa, nakuba ingase ibuye isikhashana ngemva kokugeza noma ngesikhathi sokuchayeka emakhazeni. I-acrocyanosis yesibili iphikelela kuze kube yilapho isimo esingaphansi selashwa.

UDkt. Chaitanya Challa

I-MBBS, MD (Imithi Yangaphakathi), PDCC (Ukunakekelwa Okubalulekile), i-FCCS (Ukunakekelwa Okubalulekile), iDiploma ku-Endocrinology kanye nesifo sikashukela
CARE Hospitals Outpatient Centre, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad

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