Isifuba Somoya Ezinganeni

Isifuba somoya yisifo esivamile samaphaphu esihlasela izigidi zezingane emhlabeni jikelele. Izimpawu zesifuba somoya ezinganeni zingasabisa kubazali nakubantwana. Lesi simo sokuphefumula esingapheli sibangela ukuvuvukala nokuncipha kwemigudu yokuphefumula, okwenza ukuphefumula kube nzima. Ukuqonda izimpawu zesifuba somoya ezinganeni kuyisitebhisi sokutholwa kusenesikhathi nokuphathwa ngendlela efanele, okuqinisekisa izinga elingcono lempilo yezingane ezithintekile.

Ake sihlole izimpawu zesifuba somoya ezivamile ezinganeni, kuhlanganise isifuba, ukukhwehlela, Futhi ukuphelelwa umoya. 

Iyini Isifuba Somoya Ezinganeni?

Isifuba somoya sobuntwana yisifo esingelapheki samaphaphu noma sephaphu esithinta imigudu yokuphefumula, okwenza ukuphefumula kube nzima. Ngokuvamile iqala zisencane, izingane eziningi ziba nezimpawu zazo zokuqala lapho zineminyaka engu-5. Lesi sifo sokuphefumula sibangela ukuvuvukala nokuncipha kwemigudu yokuphefumula, okuholela ekuphefumuleni, ukukhwehlela, kanye ukuqina kwesifuba.

Izimpawu Zesifuba Somoya Ezinganeni

Izimpawu zesifuba somoya ezinganeni zingahluka kakhulu, okwenza kube inselele ukutholakala kusenesikhathi. 

• Izimpawu zesifuba somoya ezivamile zihlanganisa umsindo wokushaywa ikhwela noma ukushaywa umoya lapho uphefumula, ukuphelelwa umoya, nokuqina kwesifuba. 
• Ukukhwehlela njalo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokudlala, ukuhleka, noma ebusuku, mhlawumbe okuwukuphela kophawu kwezinye izingane
• Abazali kufanele babheke ukuphefumula okusheshayo, izikhalazo zobuhlungu besifuba, nokuncipha kwamandla phakathi nemisebenzi. 
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izingane zingase zithole ukuhlehla, lapho indawo ephakathi kwezimbambo nentamo icwila ngesikhathi sokukhipha umoya. 
• Ukukhwehlela kwesifuba somoya ezinganeni kuvame ukuba kubi kakhulu ukutheleleka ngegciwane, umoya obandayo, noma ukuvivinya umzimba. 
• Ezinye izimpawu zihlanganisa inkinga yokulala, ukubambezeleka ukululama ezifweni zokuphefumula, nokukhathala ngenxa yokungalali kahle. 

Yini Ebangela I-asthma Ezinganeni?

• Isizathu esiqondile sezimpawu ze-asthma ezinganeni asaziwa. Kungase kube umphumela wokusebenzelana okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezinto zofuzo nezemvelo. 
• Isifuba somoya sivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni lapho amasosha omzimba esakhula. 
• Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezingezwani nomzimba (izibungu zothuli, impova, ne-pet dander) kungabangela isifuba somoya ezinganeni ezithintekayo. 
• Ngezinye izikhathi, imisebenzi yomzimba ingase futhi ibangele isifuba somoya esibangelwa ukuvivinya umzimba ezinganeni.
• Izifo zokuphefumula ngenxa yamagciwane, njengomkhuhlane ovamile, zingase futhi ziholele ekukhuleni kwesifuba somoya ezinganeni. 
• Izinto ezicasula imvelo, okuhlanganisa ukungcoliswa komoya kanye nentuthu kagwayi, zinethonya ekuqaleni kwezimpawu zesifuba somoya. 
• Ukwengeza, izici ezifana ukukhuluphala, uhlanga, nomlando womndeni kunendima enkulu ekunqumeni ingozi yengane yokuba nesifuba somoya. 

Izinkinga

Izimpawu ze-asthma ezingalawulwa ezinganeni zingaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima. 

• Izingane zingase zihlaselwe isifuba somoya njalo, okudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo noma ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Lokhu kungaholela ekuphutheni kwezinsuku zesikole, ukusala ngemuva emsebenzini wesikole, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwemidlalo nemidlalo. 
• Isifuba somoya ezinganeni singabangela ukungalali kahle nokukhathala, kuthinte inhlalakahle yazo yonke. 
• Imiphumela yesikhathi eside ihlanganisa ukwehla unomphela ekusebenzeni kwamaphaphu kanye nezinguquko zesakhiwo emigwaqweni yomoya, inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi ukulungisa kabusha umzila womoya. Lokhu kwenza ukuphefumula kube nzima ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. 
• Ukwengeza, izingane ezine-asthma zisengozini yokungenwa izifo zokuphefumula njenge inyumoniya. 

Ukuxilongwa Kwesifuba Somoya Ezinganeni

Ukuhlonza izimpawu zesifuba somoya ezinganeni kungaba yinselele, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemi-5. Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okuqondile, okwenza inqubo ibe nzima. 

• Odokotela bancike ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe, okuhlanganisa umlando wezokwelapha, amaphethini ezimpawu, nokuhlolwa komzimba. 
• Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5, ukuhlola ukusebenza kwamaphaphu njenge-spirometry kusiza ukukala ukugeleza komoya nokuhlehla. Lezi zivivinyo zihlola ukuthi ungakanani umoya ingane engawukhipha nokuthi ngokushesha kangakanani. 
• Izingane ezincane ngokuvamile azikwazi ukwenza lezi zivivinyo ngokwethembeka, ngakho odokotela bangase basikisele ukuzama imithi yesifuba somoya ukuze babone impendulo. 
• Odokotela bangase batuse ukuhlolwa kwe-allergies ukuze babone izinto ezingaba izibangeli. 
• Kwezinye izimo, i-X-ray yesifuba isetshenziselwa ukulawula ezinye izimo. 

Ukwelashwa Kwesifuba Somoya Ezinganeni

Umgomo wokwelashwa kwe-asthma ezinganeni ukulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela ukuqubuka. 

• Imithi yokulawula isikhathi eside njenge-corticosteroids ehogeliwe iyisisekelo sokulawulwa kwesifuba somoya. Le mithi inciphisa ukuvuvukala kwe-airway futhi ithathwa nsuku zonke. 
• Imithi yokusiza ngokushesha, njenge-albuterol, inikeza ukukhululeka okusheshayo ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya. 
• Indlela yokwelapha ihambisana neminyaka yengane, ukuqina kwezimpawu zayo, kanye nezimbangela. 
• Odokotela bangase basebenzise indlela elandela izinyathelo, balungise imithamo yemithi ngokusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwengane. Uhlelo lwesenzo sesifuba somoya lubalulekile, luchaza ukuphathwa kwansuku zonke kanye nezinqubo eziphuthumayo. Abazali kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi ingane yabo igwema izimbangela futhi ithola imithi efanele. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Funa usizo olusheshayo kudokotela uma ingane yakho ihlaselwa yisifuba somoya okunzima lapho imithi ekhulula ngokushesha ingasebenzi. Izimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo se-asthma zihlanganisa 

• Ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukungakwazi ukukhuluma ngaphandle kokuhefuzela
• Kukhala amakhala
• Izihosha ezivamile ezisiza ngokushesha nazo zidinga ukuvakashelwa udokotela, njengoba zingase zibonise ukulawulwa kabi kwesifuba somoya. 

Prevention

Ukuvimbela izimpawu zesifuba somoya ezinganeni kuhilela ukuhlela ngokucophelela nokugwema izimbangela, kuhlanganise:

• Abazali bangasiza ngokunciphisa ukuchayeka ezintweni ezingezwani nomzimba kanye nezinto ezicasulayo ezidala ukuqubuka kwesifuba somoya. 
• Ukugcina ikhaya lingenaso isikhunta, umswakama, nokungcoliswa komoya kubalulekile. 
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ezinganeni kwehlisa nengozi yokuba nesifuba somoya. 
• Kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukubhema ekhaya nasemotweni, njengoba intuthu kagwayi iyisisusa esibalulekile. 
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo, lapho isifuba somoya silawulwa kahle, singathuthukisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu. 
• Abazali kufanele basebenzisane nodokotela ukuze benze uhlelo lwesenzo sesifuba somoya futhi baqinisekise ukuthi ingane yabo ithatha imithi yokulawula njengoba kushiwo. 

Isiphetho

Ukulawula isifuba somoya ezinganeni kuyinqubo eqhubekayo ehilela imfundo, ukuvimbela, nokwelashwa okufanele. Ngendlela efanele, izingane eziningi ezinesifuba somoya zingakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zazo futhi zinciphise ingozi yokuhlaselwa kanzima. Ukuhlolwa njalo, ukubambelela ezinhlelweni zokwelashwa, kanye nokuqwashisa ngezinto ezibangisayo kuyisihluthulelo sokuphatha isikhathi eside. Ngokuhlala inolwazi futhi imatasa, imindeni ingaqinisekisa ukuthi isifuba somoya sinomthelela omncane kukhwalithi yempilo yengane yabo.

FAQ sika

1. Ingabe isifuba somoya siyathelelana?

Cha, isifuba somoya asithelelani. Kuyisimo samaphaphu esingapheli noma esinesikhathi eside esithinta imigudu yokuphefumula, okwenza ukuphefumula kube nzima. 

2. Yini okufanele uyenze uma ingane yakho ihlaselwa yisifuba somoya?

Uma ingane yakho inokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya, landela uhlelo lwayo lwesenzo sesifuba somoya. Sebenzisa umuthi owelapha ngokushesha njengoba uyalelwe, ubasize bahlale bezolile, futhi uqaphe izimpawu zabo. Uma ukuhlasela kunzima noma kungathuthuki ngemithi, funa usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo ngokushesha.

3. Ingabe isifuba somoya sobuntwana singelapheka?

Alikho ikhambi lesifuba somoya ebuntwaneni, kodwa ungasilawula ngempumelelo. Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, izingane eziningi ezinesifuba somoya zingaphila ukuphila okuvamile, okumatasa. 

4. Iminyaka emingaki izingane ziphathwa yisifuba somoya?

Isifuba somoya singakhula kunoma ibuphi ubudala, kodwa izingane eziningi ziba nezimpawu zazo zokuqala lapho zineminyaka engu-5. Yisifo esivame kakhulu esingamahlalakhona ebuntwaneni.

5. Ingabe izingane ezinesifuba somoya zingaphila impilo evamile?

Yebo, izingane ezinesifuba somoya zingaphila impilo evamile, ekhuthele ngokuphathwa ngendlela efanele. Bangabamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo nakweminye imisebenzi lapho isifuba somoya sabo silawulwa kahle. 

6. Ungasilawula kanjani isifuba somoya ezinganeni?

Ukuze ulawule isifuba somoya ezinganeni, landela uhlelo lokwelapha olunqunyiwe, olungase luhlanganise imithi yansuku zonke kanye nama-inhalers akhulula ngokushesha. Thola futhi ugweme izimbangela, gcina isisindo esinempilo, futhi uqinisekise ukuhlolwa njalo. 

7. Ingabe isifuba somoya sobuntwana singaphela?

Ezinye izingane zingase zithole izimpawu ezimbalwa zesifuba somoya njengoba zikhula, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi sezikhulile isifuba somoya. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi u-25% wezingane ezinezimpawu ezixazululiwe zizobabuyisela eminyakeni yobudala engama-21 kanye no-35% ngeminyaka engama-26. 

UDkt. Kumbham Shiva Reddy

I-MBBS, MD (Izifo zezingane)
I-CARE Hospitals Outpatient Centre, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, CARE Hospitals, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

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