I-bacterial vaginosis:

I-bacterial vaginosis imele isimo esijwayelekile kodwa esivame ukungaqondakali esithinta inqwaba yabesifazane emhlabeni jikelele. Kubhekwa njengesizathu esivame kakhulu ukuqunjelwa sangasese. E-India kuphela, abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-60% bahlushwa lesi simo ekuphileni kwabo. Umaka ukungalingani kubhaktheriya yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, lesi simo singaholela ekuphathekeni kabi kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yezinye izindaba zezempilo uma kungabhekwana nayo ngokwanele. Ukuqaphela izimpawu, ukuqonda izizathu ze-bacterial vaginosis, nokuhlola amakhambi asebenzayo kubalulekile ekugcineni impilo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane sangasese. Le bhulogi ihlose ukuqeda i-bacterial vaginosis, inikeza ulwazi olubalulekile ngezimpawu, ukuxilongwa, nokwelashwa kuyilapho igcizelela ukubaluleka kokungenelela kwezokwelapha kanye namasu okuphatha ikhaya. Siqala lolu hambo, ake sihlole ubunjalo be-bacterial vaginosis, sigqamisa izimpawu zayo kanye nezici ezahlukahlukene ezinomthelela ekukhuleni kwayo. 

Iyini i-Bacterial Vaginosis?

I-Bacterial vaginosis (BV) ithathwa njengokutheleleka okuvamile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane okubangelwa ukwanda ngokweqile kwamagciwane ayingozi. Sonke isitho sangasese sowesifazane esinempilo siqukethe inhlanganisela elinganiselayo yamabhaktheriya "amahle" "namabi". Kodwa-ke, ku-BV, amagciwane "amabi" anda ngokweqile, edlula amagciwane "amahle" futhi aphazamisa ibhalansi yebhaktheriya entekenteke.

Izimpawu ze-bacterial vaginosis:

Uphawu oluvame kakhulu lwe-bacterial vaginosis ukukhipha okungavamile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Lokhu kukhishwa kuvame ukuba:

• Okumhlophe, okumpunga, noma okuluhlaza okotshani ngombala
• Izacile futhi inamanzi ngokungaguquguquki
• Ihambisana nephunga elinamandla, elinofishi, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuya ocansini noma phakathi nokuya esikhathini

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kuze kufike ku-84% wabesifazane abane-bacterial vaginosis bangase bangabi nezimpawu ezibonakalayo. Uma izimpawu zenzeka, zingase zihlanganisa:

• Ukuluma noma ukucasuka kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• A ukuzwa ukushisa ngesikhathi sokuchama

Izinkinga ze-bacterial vaginosis:

Kunezici ezimbalwa ezingaba nomthelela kulokhu kungalingani:

• Umsebenzi Wocansi: Isidoda singaba nomthelela ezingeni le-pH ngaphakathi kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, senze indawo evumela ukukhula kwamagciwane futhi kube nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-BV.
• I-Douching: Umkhuba wokugeza noma ukugeza isitho sangasese sangasese ngamanzi noma ngolunye uketshezi kungaqeda amagciwane anenzuzo futhi kubangele ukuvuvukala, kwandise ingozi ye-bacterial vaginosis.
• Izinguquko Zokudla: Izinguquko ekudleni ezithinta ipheshana lamathumbu noma izinhlelo zomzimba zangaphakathi zingathonya ibhalansi evamile yebhaktheriya yesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ukudla okungenamsoco kungase futhi kuphazamise ikhono lomzimba lokubuyisela ukulingana kwamagciwane okunempilo.
• Izingubo Eziqinile: Ukugqoka izingubo zangaphansi zenayiloni noma izingubo ezimpintshayo, njengamabhulukwe e-yoga, kungakhawulela ukujikeleza komoya endaweni yangasese, kudale indawo efudumele nemanzi ekhuthaza ukukhula kwamagciwane.
• Izinsipho Eziqinile: Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsipho ezinamakha noma ezilwa namagciwane kungaphazamisa isitshalo sangasese, okuholela ekungalinganini kanye nokukhula okungase kube khona kwamagciwane ayingozi.
• Ukujuluka Kakhulu: Ngesikhathi sokuzivivinya noma ukuvivinya umzimba, umjuluko unganqwabelana ezingutsheni, udale indawo efudumele nemanzi ekhuthaza ukukhula kwamagciwane futhi iphakamise ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-BV.
• Ukukhulelwa: Ukukhulelwa kubangela ukwanda estrogen, okwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-glycogen olwelweni lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Lokhu kungakhuthaza ukukhula kwamagciwane athile, njenge-Gardnerella vaginalis, angabangela i-BV.
• Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini: Ku menopause, amazinga e-estrogen ehla, okuholela ekuncipheni kwezindonga zangasese (i-vaginal atrophy) nokuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwe-glycogen. Lokhu kungaholela endaweni ene-asidi encane, kunciphise i-lactobacilli evikelayo futhi kwandise ingozi ye-BV.

Ukuxilongwa:

Inqubo yokuxilonga ye-BV ngokuvamile ihlanganisa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Umlando Wezokwelapha Nezocansi: Udokotela uzoxoxa ngomlando wezokwelapha wesiguli, okuhlanganisa noma yikuphi ukutheleleka kwamagciwane esithweni sangasese sangaphambili noma izimo kanye nomlando wabo wezocansi. Lolu lwazi lusiza ukunikeza umongo futhi luhlonze izinto ezingaba yingozi.
• Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Udokotela uzohlola isitho sangasese ukuze ahlole ukuthi kukhona yini ukuphuma kwe-bacterial vaginosis. Udokotela uzohlola ukubukeka, ukungaguquguquki, kanye nephunga lokukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, okungaba inkomba ye-BV.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwaselabhorethri: Lokhu okulandelayo ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri okuningana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwe-bacterial vaginosis:
• I-Gram Stain Test: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhilela ukuhlola i-smear yesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Uma i-BV ikhona, ukuhlolwa kuzobonisa inqwaba ye-cocci (amabhaktheriya) e-gram-positive kanye ne-gram-negative kanye nokuncipha kwe-lactobacilli ye-gram-positive (amagciwane anenzuzo).
• I-Amsel Criteria: Le ndlela yokuxilonga ibandakanya ukuhlola ukuba khona kwalezi zindlela ezine ezilandelayo:
• Ukukhipha isitho sangasese sangasese esimhlophe esimhlophe
• I-pH yesitho sangasese sowesifazane engaphezu kuka-4.5 ( ikalwa kusetshenziswa ukuhlolwa kwe-pH)
• I-"whiff test" enhle (iphunga elimnandi lapho i-potassium hydroxide yengezwa oketshezini lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane)
• Ukuba khona kwamaseli e-clue (amaseli e-epithelial e-vaginal ambozwe amagciwane) ekuhlolweni kwe-microscopic
• I-Wet Mount Test: Kulokhu kuhlolwa, odokotela bathatha isampula yokuphuma komchamo wesitho sangasese sowesifazane bese beyixuba nesisombululo bese beyihlola ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze babone ukuba khona kwamagciwane, ama-WBC, noma amaseli omkhondo.
• I-DNA Test (PCR): Nakuba ingasetshenziswa kancane ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphakeme, lokhu kuhlola kuhilela ukuhlola izakhi zofuzo kusampula yoketshezi lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ukuze kutholakale amagciwane e-bacterial vaginosis.

Ukwelashwa kwe-bacterial vaginosis:

Ukwelashwa kwe-bacterial vaginosis (BV) ngokuvamile kuhilela:

• Ama-antibiotics: Odokotela bangase banikeze ama-antibiotic omlomo noma ama-topical ukubuyisela ibhalansi yemvelo yamagciwane ngaphakathi kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Thatha imithi yakho noma usebenzise ukhilimu noma ijeli isikhathi eside njengoba uyalelwe, ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zinyamalala.
• Ama-Probiotics: Angasiza ukubuyisela izitshalo ezinempilo zangasese.
• Ukugwema Izinto Ezicasulayo: Odokotela bangase bacebise ukugwema izinto ezicasulayo njengamadowushi nemikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka yomuntu siqu enephunga elimnandi. 

Izinkinga:

I-bacterial vaginosis ayibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. Kodwa-ke, uma kushiywe kungalungiswanga, kungandisa ingozi yezinkinga eziningana:

• I-BV ingakhuphula amathuba okuthola izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STD) njenge-herpes, i-chlamydia, i-gonorrhoea, ne-HIV. 
• Kwezinye izimo, amabhaktheriya e-BV angangena esibelethweni noma kumashubhu e-fallopian, okuholela ekuguleni kwe-pelvic inflammatory (PID). I-PID ingaholela ekungazali futhi yandise ingozi yokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic (tubal), okungaba yingozi empilweni.
• I-BV ingase inyuse ingozi yokuthola ukutheleleka ngemva kwezinqubo ezithweni zokuzala zabesifazane, njengengxenye yokuhlinzwa, ukukhipha isisu, noma ukuhlinzwa emlonyeni wesibeletho noma esibelethweni.
• Uma iyekwa ingelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-BV ingaholela ekusikweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abakhulelwe bafune ukwelashwa ngokushesha kwe-BV ukuze banciphise ubungozi bezinkinga.

Nini Ukubona Udokotela:

Kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu noma izimpawu ezilandelayo ezihlobene ne-bacterial vaginosis (BV):

• Ukukhishwa okusha noma okungajwayelekile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, ikakhulukazi okunephunga elinamandla, ukuluma noma ukungakhululeki.
• Uma uke wazama imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta yomuntu osolwayo nemvubelo ukutheleleka, kodwa izimpawu ziyaqhubeka noma ziba zimbi
• Uma unozakwethu bocansi abaningi noma abasha, kuyanconywa ukuthi uhlolelwe izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs) noma izifo (STDs) 
• Uma uhlangabezana nomkhuhlane noma ubuhlungu be-pelvic kanye nokukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma ezinye izimpawu ze-BV
• I-bacterial vaginosis engelashiwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ingakhuphula ubungozi bezinkinga, njengokuzala ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Prevention:

Izinyathelo ezilandelayo eziyisisekelo zingasiza ukwehlisa ubungozi bakho bokuthuthukisa i-BV:

• Nciphisa abalingani bocansi 
• Gwema ukudocha
• Zenza ubulili obuphephile
• Gcina ukuhlanzeka okuhle kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• Ukukhetha izingubo zangaphansi zikakotini eziphefumulayo

Isiphetho:

Sihlome ngolwazi nge-bacterial vaginosis, sihlome kangcono ukuvikela impilo yethu yangasese. Ngokubona izimpawu zangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuqonda izici eziyingozi, siyazinika amandla okuthatha isinyathelo esifike ngesikhathi. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-bacterial vaginosis ukuya ukuhlolwa okuvamile. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abasengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo. Ukwamukela isiqondiso sezokwelapha kanye nokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila kuvula indlela yokuphatha ngempumelelo nokuvimbela lesi simo esivamile. Phela, imizimba yethu ifanelwe ukunakekelwa okunolwazi nokunakwa okungantengantengi.
 

Ama-FAQ:

1) Ingabe i-bacterial vaginosis ingelapheka?

Izimpendulo: Nakuba i-bacterial vaginosis (BV) ngezinye izikhathi ingase iziphendulele ngokwayo, ukufuna ukwelashwa kunconywa ukwehlisa ingozi yezinkinga nobungozi bezempilo. Udokotela ngokuvamile uzonikeza imithi elwa namagciwane ukwelapha i-BV ngempumelelo.

2) Ngabe ngidinga ukuphuza umuthi?

Izimpendulo: Yebo, ukuphuza imithi eshiwo kuyindlela esheshayo nephumelelayo yokwelapha i-BV. Udokotela angase anikeze ama-antibiotic omlomo izinsuku ezingu-7-14. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bangase batuse ukusebenzisa ijeli yangasese noma ukhilimu izinsuku ezingu-5-10, kulandelwa izicelo ezimbili zamasonto onke izinyanga ezingu-3-6 ukuvimbela ukuphindaphinda.

3) Ingabe I-bacterial Vaginosis Isifo Esithathelwana Ngocansi (STI)?

Izimpendulo: Lena enye yezinganekwane ezinkulu ezihlotshaniswa ne-Bacterial vaginosis. Akubhekwa njengesifo esidluliselwa ngocansi (izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi), kodwa ukwenza ucansi kungakhuphula ingozi yokuyihlakulela. Lesi simo singadluliselwa phakathi kwabalingani besifazane ngesikhathi socansi. 

4) Ingabe i-bacterial vaginosis imbi?

Izimpendulo: Nakuba izimo ezithambile ze-BV zingaxazulula ngokuzimela, ukufuna ukwelashwa kubalulekile ukuze kwehliswe ingozi yezinkinga. I-BV engalashwa ingakhuphula amathuba okuba nezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STDs), isifo sokuvuvukala kwezitho zangasese (i-PID), izifo zangemva kwenqubo, kanye nezinkinga zokukhulelwa ezifana nokuzala ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

5) Ingabe i-bacterial vaginosis ingelashwa ngemithi yokutheleleka kwe-yeast?

Izimpendulo: Enye inganekwane evamile ehlobene nalesi simo ukuthi lesi sifo siphathwa ngemithi yokutheleleka kweyeast. Izifo ze-BV kanye nemvubelo zibangelwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto eziphilayo, ngakho zidinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile. I-BV ibangelwa ukwanda kwamagciwane athile, kuyilapho izifo zemvubelo zibangelwa isikhunta. Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka ngemvubelo ngaphandle kwekhawunta akusebenzi ngokumelene ne-BV. Uma usola ukuthi une-BV, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okufanele kwama-antibiotic.

UDkt Sonal Lathi

I-MBBS, MD, i-DNB
Izibhedlela Ezihlangene ze-CIIGMA (Iyunithi Yezibhedlela ze-CARE), Chh. Sambhajinagar

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

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