I-Balanitis

Ukuvuvukala kwe-glans noma kwekhanda lomthondo (i-Balanitis) kuthinta isibalo esikhulu samadoda nabafana emhlabeni wonke, kuthinte ukunethezeka kwabo, impilo yocansi, kanye nezinga lempilo lilonke. Ngokusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezingxenye ezifaka isandla ekuqaliseni kwayo, kuhlanganise ne-balanitis ukutheleleka kwemvubelo, kanye nezimbangela ezihlukahlukene, ukuqonda izimpawu nemithi yokwelapha etholakalayo kubalulekile. Uma ingelashwa, ingakhula, okuholela ezinkingeni ezinzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kwe-balanitis kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha futhi uvimbele ukuphindeka. 

Kuyini Balanitis? 

I-Balanitis ukuvuvukala kwe-glans, noma ikhanda lomthondo, okuvame ukubangela ukungakhululeki nokucasuka kule ndawo ezwela kakhulu. Lesi simo sibonisa ububomvu, ubuhlungu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukubonakala okuvuvukele kwe-glans. I-balanitis ingaphatha abesilisa bayo yonke iminyaka yobudala kodwa ivame kakhulu emadodeni angasokile. Kungavela ngenxa yokungahlanzeki kahle, izifo (amagciwane, igciwane, noma isikhunta), izinto ezicasulayo njengensipho noma amafutha okugcoba, kanye nezimo zempilo eziyisisekelo ezifana sikashukela. Naphezu kokungakhululeki okubangelwayo, i-balanitis ngokuvamile ayisona isimo esibucayi, kodwa ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kubalulekile ukuvimbela izinkinga ezingase zibe khona nokuqinisekisa ukululama ngokushesha. 

Izinhlobo ze-balanitis 

I-Balanitis ibonakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ngokuyinhloko ihlukaniswe ngembangela eyisisekelo, engaba ethathelanayo noma engatheleleki. 

• I-Balanitis Ethathelwanayo: Izinhlobo ezithathelwanayo ezivame kakhulu zibangelwa ukukhunta, ibhaktheriya, igciwane, noma i-parasitic agents. Isiguli singase sibe nobubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa, nobuhlungu be-glans. 
• I-balanitis engatheleleki: Izinhlobo ezingatheleleki zifaka izimo eziningana ezihlukene: 
  • I-Zoon's Balanitis: Leli fomu elingapheli, elifinyelela ku-10% wezifo ze-balanitis, lithinta kakhulu abantu abangasokile, abaneminyaka ephakathi nendawo, okuholela ekuvuvukeni kwekhanda lomthondo. 
  • I-Circinate Balanitis: Ivamise ukuxhunyaniswa ne-reactive sokuqaqamba kwamalunga, lolu hlobo lunezilonda ezincane noma izilonda ekhanda lomthondo, okuhambisana nokuvuvukala nokushintsha kwebala. Kuvela njengempendulo yokuzivikela komzimba ekutheleleni kwenye indawo emzimbeni. 
  • I-Pseudoepitheliomatous, Keratotic, kanye ne-Micaceous Balanitis (PKMB): Isimo esingavamile kakhulu, i-PKMB sithinta abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 futhi ibonakala ngama-scaly warts noma amaqhubu ekhanda lomthondo. 
  • Ukuqhuma Kwezidakamizwa Okungaguquki: Lolu hlobo luhilela izilonda esikhumbeni ezibonakala njengokusabela kwemithi ethile noma amakhemikhali, ngokuvamile ahilela imithi elwa namagciwane kanye ne-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory. 
  • I-Lichen Planus: Ukuphazamiseka kwesikhumba okungapheli okungaholela ku-genital lichen planus uma ithinta ipipi. I-Genital LP iveza njengokuluma okulumayo futhi ingabangela ubuhlungu, izibazi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-phimosis, lapho isiguli singakwazi ukuhoxisa ijwabu. 

Izimpawu ze-Balanitis 

I-Balanitis ivame ukuveza uhla lwezimpawu ukusuka komnene kuye kokuqina, okuthinta inhlaka noma ikhanda lomthondo futhi, ezimweni eziningi, ijwabu. 

• Abantu abanalesi sifo bavame ukuzwa ukungakhululeki okubangelwa izilonda nokuluma ngaphansi kwejwabu nezindawo zesikhumba esicwebezelayo noma esimhlophe epipini. 
• Ukukhishwa okuminyene okushizi okwaziwa ngokuthi i-smegma kunqwabelana ngaphansi kwejwabu ngephunga elingemnandi. 
• Indawo ethintekile ingase ibonise ububomvu nokuvuvukala; kwezinye izimo, ubomvu bungase bubonakale. 
• Ukushintsha umbala noma amabala agugekile epipini 
• Amabala amancane, agugulekile, alumayo noma ama-plaque anento efana noshizi omhlophe nawo avamile; le nto ngokuvamile ingakhuhlwa kalula. 
• Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuchama 
• Endabeni ye-phimosis, iziguli zingase zibe nejwabu eliqinile elingenakuhlehliswa, ikakhulukazi emadodeni angasokile. 
• Ezimweni ezingavamile, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala asebekhulile noma labo abanamasosha omzimba asengozini, kungase kuvele izilonda noma izilonda ekhanda lepipi, okubonisa izinhlobo ezinzima kakhulu ze-balanitis njenge-PKMB. 

Izimbangela 

I-Balanitis ivela ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokungahlanzeki komuntu siqu, ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa abangasokile. 

• Izimbangela ezithathelwanayo: 
  • Indawo efudumele, emanzi ngaphansi kwejwabu ikhuthaza ukukhula kwezinto eziphilayo ezifana nesikhunta, kanti i-Candida albicans ivame kakhulu. Le mvubelo ikhula kahle ezimweni ezinjalo, okuholela ekuthelelekeni kwe-balanitis. Ngaphandle kwezifo zokukhunta, amabhaktheriya ahlukahlukene, amagciwane, nezimuncagazi nazo zinomthelela ekwandeni kwe-balanitis. Lezi zihlanganisa i-Group B kanye ne-beta-hemolytic streptococci, i-Neisseria gonorrhoea, izinhlobo ze-Chlamydia, nezinye. 
• I-balanitis engatheleleki ibangela: 
  • Izinto ezicasula amakhemikhali ezitholakala emikhiqizweni efana nezibulala-zinambuzane, okokuhlanza, nezinsipho ezinamakha kungavusa i-balanitis ngokucasula isikhumba esibucayi se-glans. 
  • Ukungezwani komzimba ezintweni ezithile, njenge-latex kumakhondomu noma imithi ethile, ezinye izici ezinomthelela. 
  • Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela mellitus zandisa ubungozi ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu kashukela emchameni, okhuthaza ukukhula kwesikhunta. 
  • Ukwenza ucansi njalo kungase kubangele abantu ukuba babe ne-balanitis 
  • Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo zesistimu ezifana ne-reactive arthritis zingabangela i-circinate balanitis, ukuyixhumanisa nezimpendulo zokuzivikela komzimba ezifweni kwenye indawo emzimbeni. 

Sifo 

Ukuhlola Umzimba: Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga i-balanitis ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, njengoba izimpawu zivame ukubonakala. Bangase babone ububomvu, ukucasuka, nokushintsha umbala epipini, okuyizinkomba ezivamile zalesi simo. 

Ukuze kutholakale imbangela eyisisekelo ye-balanitis, odokotela bangase ba-ode ukuhlolwa okuningana ngokusekelwe ezimpawini eziveziwe. Lezi zivivinyo zingabandakanya: 

• I-swab ye-Urethral Opening: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs) nezinye izifo. 
• Ukuhlaziywa komchamo: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukubheka izimpawu zokutheleleka noma isifo sikashukela. 
• Izivivinyo zegazi: Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ukuhlonza izimpawu zokutheleleka, isifo sikashukela, nezinye izimo. 
• Isampula Yokukhuhla Isikhumba: Ukuhlola isampula yesikhumba ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu kungaveza izibungu noma izakhi zesikhunta njengemvubelo ehlumayo noma i-pseudohyphae. 
• Isiko Lwebhaktheriya: Odokotela bangase benze ukuhlolwa kwegciwane le-herpes simplex ngezilonda ze-vesicular noma ze-ulcerative kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-syphilis uma isilonda ukhona. 
• I-Biopsy: Ezimweni ezithile, ikakhulukazi uma ezinye izimo ezifana ne-balanitis zisolwa, odokotela bangase batuse i-biopsy. Lesi sinyathelo sibalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona amathuba okuba nezimo ezingase ziholele kumdlavuza (ngaphambi komdlavuza) noma ezinye izinkinga zempilo ezingathi sína. 

Ukwelashwa kwe-balanitis 

Ukwelapha i-balanitis kuncike ekuboneni imbangela eyinhloko, njenge:

• Imithi: 
  • Okhilimu be-topical antifungal bokutheleleka kweyeast, njenge-Candida albicans 
  • Nemithi Elwa Namagciwane ukutheleleka ngebhaktheriya 
  • Esimeni sokuvuvukala okukhulu, odokotela bangahlanganisa imidazole ene-topical steroid enamandla aphansi njenge-hydrocortisone engu-0.5%. 
• Inhlanzeko Enhle: 
  • Iziguli zesilisa kufanele zigcine ukuhlanzeka okufanele kwezitho zangasese ngokuwasha nokomisa ijwabu njalo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphindeka. Ukugeza ngokweqile noma ukusebenzisa insipho eqinile kungase kubhebhethekise isimo. 
• Ukuphatha Izimo Eziyisisekelo: 
  • Kulabo abanesifo sikashukela, ukuphatha amazinga kashukela egazini nakho kuyingxenye yesu lokwelapha lokunciphisa amathuba okuba nezifo ezingaholela e-balanitis.
• Ukuhlinzwa: 
  • Ezimweni eziphindelelayo noma ezinzima, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezingenawo amandla omzimba okuzivikela kanye neziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, ukusoka kungase kunconywe. Le nqubo yokuhlinzwa ihilela ukususa ijwabu ukwehlisa ukusabalala kwe-balanitis kakhulu. 

Izingozi ze-Balanitis 

Kunezici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-balanitis, njenge: 

• Ukungahlanzeki, ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa abangasokile, kuholela ekuqongeleleni i-smegma, inhlanganisela yamaseli esikhumba afile, amafutha, nomswakama okhuthaza ukukhula kwamagciwane kanye nesikhunta. 
• Isifo sikashukela singesinye isici esibalulekile esiyingozi. Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini angabangela i-glucose emchamweni, okuthi uma ingahlanzwa kahle, ihlale ejwabu futhi yenze kube lula ukuphindaphindeka okusheshayo kwamagciwane, okwandisa amathuba okutheleleka. 
• I-Phimosis, ebonakala ngokuqina ngokweqile kwejwabu lapho liba lukhuni kakhulu ukuthi lingadonselwa phezu kwe-glans, nayo inomthelela engcupheni ye-balanitis. 
• Ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini yocansi engavikelekile, ikakhulukazi nabalingani abanezifo ze-yeast, nakho kungandisa ingozi ye-balanitis. 
• Ezinye izici zihlanganisa ukucwiliswa komchamo, ukukhuluphala, ukuhlala ezindaweni ezifana namakhaya asebekhulile lapho ukuchayeka kumagciwane kungase kwande, kanye nokuzwela izinto ezicasula amakhemikhali ezitholakala emikhiqizweni efana nezinsipho, okokugcoba, namakhondomu. 

Izinkinga 

I-balanitis engelashiwe ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhileleke ukuvuvukala okungapheli. 

• I-Phimosis, lapho ijwabu liqina kakhulu ukuze lihlehle phezu kwe-glans. Lesi simo singabangela ukungakhululeki, siphazamise umsebenzi wocansi kanye nenhlanzeko, futhi sandise ingozi yokutheleleka okwengeziwe. 
• Enye inkinga enzima i-paraphimosis, lapho ijwabu livaleleka ngemva kwe-glans futhi lingakwazi ukubuyela endaweni yalo evamile. Lesi simo sivimbela ukugeleza kwegazi futhi singabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nokuvuvukala. 
• I-balanitis engapheli iphinde ikhulise ingozi yokuqina kwe-urethra, lapho ukuvuleka kwe-urethral kuyancipha ngenxa yezibazi, okuthinta ukugeleza komchamo futhi kubangela ukungakhululeki. 
• Ukuvuvukala okuphindaphindiwe kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwezilonda ezibuhlungu zezilonda ku-glans noma ijwabu, okwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka kwesibili. 
• I-balanitis ehlala isikhathi eside ihlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yezinguquko zomdlavuza ezicutshini ezithintekile, ikakhulukazi ezimeni ezifana ne-lichen sclerosus, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO). 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela 

Abantu kufanele bafune ukuhlolwa kodokotela uma bethola noma yiziphi izimpawu ze-balanitis, okuhlanganisa ukuvuvukala kwejwabu, ubuhlungu, noma ububomvu. 

• Uma ukwelapha okudayiswa ezitolo noma inhlanzeko ethuthukisiwe azidambi izimpawu phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa 
• Kunzima ukuchama 
• Fever 
• Lapho i-balanitis iqhubeka njalo 

Prevention 

Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile ongazilandela ukuze wehlise ingcuphe yokuba nalesi simo esingakhululekile: 

• Hlanza futhi Wome: Ngemva kokuhoxisa ijwabu, geza umthondo ngamanzi afudumele. Uma insipho idingeka, khetha uhlobo oluthambile futhi ugweme imikhiqizo enamakhemikhali aqinile noma amakha angacunula isikhumba. Yomisa kahle indawo ngemva kwalokho ukuze uvimbele ukunqwabelana komswakama, okungase kukhuthaze ukukhula kwamagciwane. 
• Ukunakekelwa Kwangemva Kocansi: Geza ipipi ngokushesha ngemva kokuya ocansini, ikakhulukazi uma i-balanitis ijwayele ukuqubuka ngemva kocansi. 
• Izenzo Zocansi Eziphephile: Ukusebenzisa amakhondomu ngesikhathi socansi kungavikela ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi, okuyizimbangela ezingase zenzeke ze-balanitis. Kulabo abangezwani ne-latex, amakhondomu angenayo i-latex ayatholakala. 
• Ukunakekela Izingane: Kubafana abancane ijwabu labo elingakahlehli ngokwemvelo, gwema ukulibuyisela emuva. Fundisa izingane ukubaluleka kokuhlanzeka kwezitho zangasese uma ijwabu labo lihlehla kalula. 
• Lawula Izimo Zezempilo: Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini kubalulekile. Ukunamathela emithini ye-balanitis enqunyiwe kanye neziqondiso zokudla kusiza ukunciphisa le ngozi. 

Isiphetho 

Ukuqonda nokubhekana ne-balanitis kunganciphisa ukungakhululeki futhi kuvimbele izinkinga ezingase zibe khona, kusukela ku-phimosis kuya engozini eyengeziwe yezinguquko zomdlavuza. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka okuhle kwezitho zangasese, ukuqaphela izici eziyingozi, kanye nokufuna iseluleko sochwepheshe lapho izimpawu zivela kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile ekwelapheni nasekuvimbeleni kwayo ngempumelelo. Ngokulandela imininingwane nezincomo ezinikezwe udokotela wabo, abantu bangagcina impilo yabo yesitho sangasese, bathuthukise inhlalakahle yabo, futhi banciphise izingozi ezihlobene. 

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ivame kangakanani i-balanitis? 

I-Balanitis yisimo esivamile, ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa abangasokile. Kubangelwa yizimbangela ezihlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa izifo, ukungahlanzeki, nokusabela kumakhemikhali noma imithi. Akuvamile emadodeni asokile ngenxa yokungabi bikho kwejwabu elingafukamela amagciwane kanye nesikhunta. 

2. I-balanitis ihamba nini? 

Ngokwelashwa okufanele, izimpawu ze-balanitis ngokuvamile ziba ngcono phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-5 kuya kwezingu-7. Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka, kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. 

3. Injani i-balanitis? 

Abantu abane-balanitis bavame ukuzwa ububomvu nokuvuvukala kwe-glans, ukulunywa noma isikhumba esibhangazayo, nobuhlungu. Kungase futhi kube nephunga elibi noma ukukhishwa. Isikhumba esiku-glans singabonakala sicwebezela noma sibe nama-waxy noma sibe namabala amhlophe noma abomvu noma izigaxa. 

4. Ubani osengozini ye-balanitis? 

Izici eziyingozi ze-balanitis zihlanganisa ukungahlanzeki komuntu siqu, ikakhulukazi emadodeni angasokile, isifo sikashukela, ukuya ocansini okungavikelekile nophathina ohlaselwe isifo se-yeast, kanye nokusabela kumakhemikhali asensipho noma eminye imikhiqizo. Amadoda anejwabu eliqinile (phimosis) nawo asengozini enkulu njengoba lokhu kungabamba izinto ezicasulayo. 

5. Ingabe i-balanitis ingazelapha ngokwayo? 

I-balanitis ngokuvamile ayixazululi ngaphandle kokungenelela. Ukwelashwa kuyadingeka ukuze kulawulwe imbangela ewumsuka, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukutheleleka, ukungezwani komzimba, noma esinye isizathu. Ukugcina inhlanzeko kanye ukoma kwesitho sangasese kubalulekile ekwelapheni nasekuvimbeleni i-balanitis. Ezimweni lapho i-balanitis iphindelela, ukuxoxa ngezinketho ezengeziwe njengokusoka nodokotela kungase kube kuhle.

CARE Medical Team

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