I-Benign Tumor

Igama elithi "isimila" ngokuvamile libangela ukukhathazeka ngokushesha, kodwa akuzona zonke izimila ezibonisa isimo esisongela ukuphila. I-benign tumor, eyenzeka kubantu abaningi ngesikhathi sokuphila kwabo, inqwaba yamaseli akhula kancane futhi ahlale endaweni eyodwa ngaphandle kokusabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi ingabe isimila esiyingozi sinomdlavuza, kodwa siwukukhula okungenawo umdlavuza. Lo mhlahlandlela obanzi uhlola yonke into mayelana nezimila ezinobungozi, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo zazo, izimpawu, izimbangela nezindlela zokwelapha. 

Yini I-Benign Tumor?

I-benign tumor iqoqo lamaseli elingenawo umdlavuza elakheka lapho inqubo evamile yokuhlukaniswa kwamangqamuzana omzimba iba ngokungajwayelekile. Ngokungafani namaseli avamile alandela umjikelezo wokukhula olawulwayo nokufa, amaseli esimila esiyingozi ayaqhubeka nokuphindaphindeka kodwa awafi lapho kufanele. Lokhu kubangela inqwaba yamaseli engeziwe akha isimila.

Lezi zimila zinezici ezimbalwa ezihlukanisayo nezimila eziyingozi:

• Imingcele ecacile, echazwe kahle ivamise ukuzungezwa isaka lokuvikela
• Iphethini yokukhula kancane okulula ukuyiqapha
• Hlala endaweni yawo yasekuqaleni ngaphandle kokuhlasela izicubu eziseduze
• Ungasabaleli kwezinye izitho zomzimba
• Ayivamisile ukubangela izinkinga zempilo ezingathi sína

Nakuba izimila ezinobungozi ngokuvamile zingafaki ukuphila engozini, umthelela wazo ungahluka kuye ngendawo. Isimila esikhulu esiyingozi singacindezela izicubu noma izitho eziseduze, okungase kubangele ukungakhululeki noma izinkinga. Isibonelo, isimila samaphaphu esingaqinile singacindezela uqhoqhoqho futhi sithinte ukuphefumula.

Izinhlobo zama-Benign Tumors

Izinhlobo ezivame ukuhlangana nazo zihlanganisa:

• I-Lipomas: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesimila esiyingozi kubantu abadala, ngokuvamile esibonakala njengezigaxa ezithambile, ezihambayo ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ngokuvamile ezitholakala entanyeni, emahlombe, emhlane, noma ezingalweni.
• I-Adenomas: Lezi zimila zikhula ezicubu ze-epithelial ezimboza izitho nezindlala. Zivame ukuvela njengezimila ezifana namakhowe ezineziqu, ezivame ukutholakala kukholoni njengama-polyps.
• I-Fibromas: Obeye aziwe njengo fibroids, lezi zimila zikhula zibe izicubu ezine-fibrous noma ezixhumene. Zivame kakhulu esibelethweni, lapho zingabangela ukopha okukhulu kanye nokungakhululeki kwe-pelvic.
• I-hemangiomas: Lezi zimila ezihlukile zivela emithanjeni yegazi, zibonakale njengezimpawu zesikhumba ezibomvu noma ezinsomi. Zivame ukuba khona lapho zizalwa futhi zivame ukuvela ekhanda, entanyeni, noma esiqwini.
• I-Meningiomas: Lezi zimila zakha esicutshini esivikelayo ezizungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla. Nakuba ngokuvamile ziyingozi, zidinga ukuqapha njengoba zingaba yinkinga uma zikhula zibe zinkulu ngokwanele ukucindezela ubuchopho.

Izimpawu ze-Benign Tumor

Nakuba abanye abantu bengase bangabi nazimpawu ezibonakalayo, abanye bangase babhekane nokungakhululeki okuhlukahlukene okuthinta ukuphila kwabo kwansuku zonke.

Izimpawu ezivamile ze-benign tumor zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphuza: Kusabalele nge-uterine fibroids
• Izinguquko Zesikhumba: Kuhlanganisa izindawo ezibomvu ezincanyana namaqhuqhuva amancane
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula: Lapho izimila zithinta umoya
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nesiyezi: Ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa ne izimila zobuchopho
• Ukulahlekelwa Ukudla: Ngenxa yezimila ezicindezela esiswini
• Pain: Ikakhulukazi ezimeni zamathambo
• Izithukuthuku Zasebusuku Nokukhathala: Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ezingase zenzeke

I-Benign Tumor Izimbangela

Nakuba imbangela yangempela yezimila ezimbi ngokuvamile ingaziwa, ucwaningo lwezokwelapha luye lwathola izici eziningana ezinomthelela ekuthuthukeni kwazo. Inkinga eyisisekelo yenzeka lapho amangqamuzana emzimbeni ehlukana futhi ekhula ngokweqile, kusale amaseli afile esikhundleni sokushintshwa ngokwemvelo.

Kunezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezingadala lokhu kukhula kwamaseli okungavamile:

• Izici Zemvelo: Ukuchayeka kubuthi, ngemisebe, noma amakhemikhali ayingozi
• Ukuhlukumezeka Emzimbeni: Ukulimala kwendawo ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba
• Izimo Zempilo: Ukuvuvukala noma izifo eziphindaphindayo
• Izinto zendlela yokuphila: Imikhuba yokudla kanye namazinga okucindezeleka
• I-Genetic Predisposition: Umlando womndeni wamathumba

Izinkinga ze-Benign Tumor

Izinkinga Zomzimba:

Izinkinga ezingokomzimba zingakhula lapho amathumba amahle ehlangana nezakhiwo zomzimba eziseduze. Izimila ezinkulu ezicindezela izinzwa ngokuvamile zibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, kuyilapho lezo zitho eziseduze zingase ziphazamise imisebenzi evamile yomzimba. Isibonelo, isimila esiyingozi endaweni yamaphaphu singacindezela uqhoqhoqho, okuholela ebunzimeni bokuphefumula obudinga ukunakwa ngokushesha.

Izinkinga ezimbalwa ezinzima zingavela kuye ngendawo yethumba:

• Ukucindezelwa kwemizwa kubangela ubuhlungu obungapheli kanye nokungakhululeki
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho ngenxa yengcindezi evela ezimila ezikhulayo
• Ukucindezelwa kwemithambo yegazi okuthinta ukugeleza kwegazi
• Izinguquko zesakhiwo ezicutshini ezizungezile
• Izinkinga zokubona noma zokuzwa uma ziseduze nezitho zezinzwa

Izinhlobo ezithile zezimila ezinomdlavuza zinamandla okuguqula zibe izimila ezinomdlavuza. Isibonelo, amanye ama-polyps ekholoni angase abe umdlavuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kungenzeka kwenza ukuqapha njalo kubaluleke, ngisho nasezimila ezibonakala zingenabungozi.

Sifo

Inqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ihilela izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Ubuchwepheshe besimanje bezokwelapha bunikeza izinketho ezihlukahlukene zokuthatha izithombe:

• I-CT scan kanye ne-MRI: Lokhu kudala izithombe ezinemininingwane yezakhiwo ngaphakathi emzimbeni, okusiza odokotela ukuthi babone indawo nesimila
• I-Ultrasound: Iwusizo ikakhulukazi ekuhloleni amathumba ezicubu ezithambile kanye nokuhlukanisa phakathi kwenqwaba eqinile nama-cyst agcwele uketshezi.
• Ama-X-ray: Okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola izimila ezihlobene namathambo nokuhlinzeka ngokuhlolwa kokuqala
• Isidumbu: I-biopsy ivamise ukusebenza njengethuluzi lokuxilonga eliqondile, elivumela odokotela bezifo ukuthi bahlole amaseli esimila ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Phakathi nale nqubo, odokotela basusa isampula yezicubu ezincane besebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene. Izindlela ezivame kakhulu ze-biopsy zihlanganisa i-fine-needle aspiration, esebenzisa inaliti encane ukuze kukhishwe amaseli, kanye ne-core core biopsy, esusa isampula yethishu enkulu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Benign Tumor

Ukulinda Okubukhali: Izimila eziningi ezinhle azidingi ukungenelela ngokushesha. Kulezi zimo, odokotela bavame ukutusa ukulinda okuqaphile, lapho behlela khona ukulandelela njalo ukuze baqaphe noma yiziphi izinguquko kusayizi wesimila noma ukuziphatha. Le ndlela ivame kakhulu kumathumba amancane angadali izimpawu noma izinkinga zempilo.

Uma ukwelashwa kudingekile, odokotela bangancoma izinketho eziningana:

• Ukuhlinzwa: Indlela ejwayelekile yokwelapha, ikakhulukazi yamathumba adala izimpawu. Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa amasu angavamisile kancane adinga ukusikeka okuncane, okuholela ezikhathini zokululama ngokushesha.
• Imithi: Odokotela bangase banikeze imithi yokulawula ubuhlungu noma izimpawu zokuvuvuka. Eminye imithi, kuhlanganise nama-steroid, ingasiza ekunciphiseni izinhlobo ezithile zamathumba.
• Ukwelashwa Kwemisebe: Uma ukuhlinzwa kungenzeki, odokotela bangase bakusebenzise ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesimila noma ukunciphisa usayizi. Lokhu kwelashwa kunenzuzo kumathumba ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile kulezi zimo:

• Ukutholwa kwesigaxa esisha noma isisindo esingazwakala ngaphandle
• Izinguquko kusimila esiyingozi esitholwe ngaphambilini, okuhlanganisa ukukhula noma izimpawu ezintsha
• Ukuthuthukiswa kobuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki okuvela ku-tumor ekhona
• Izinguquko ekubukekeni kwezitshalo ezikhona
• Ukuphazamiseka emisebenzini yansuku zonke 
• Umthelela kukhwalithi yempilo

Isiphetho

Ukuqonda ama-benign tumors kusiza iziguli zenze izinqumo ezingcono zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Nakuba lokhu kukhula ngokuvamile akunamdlavuza futhi kukhula kancane, umthelela wako uyahluka ngokuya ngendawo nosayizi. Odokotela manje banikeza izinketho eziningi zokwelapha, kusukela ekulindeni okuqaphile kuye ekuhlinzweni okungatheni, okwenza ukuphathwa kwezimila ezinobungozi kufinyeleleke kakhulu kunangaphambili.

Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha kusabalulekile kunoma ubani otholakala enesimila esiyingozi. Ukushintsha kosayizi, ukubukeka, noma izimpawu ezihambisanayo kufanele kwenze ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Nakuba izimila eziningi eziyingozi zihlala zingenangozi, ukuqapha okufanele kuqinisekisa ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwanoma yiziphi izinguquko eziphathelene noshintsho futhi kuthuthukisa imiphumela yezempilo. 

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe unomdlavuza we-benign tumor?

I-benign tumor ayiwona umdlavuza. Ngokungafani nezimila eziyingozi, izimila eziyingozi zihlala endaweni yazo yokuqala ngaphandle kokuhlasela izicubu ezizungezile noma zisakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Nakuba zingakhula zibe zinkulu, zigcina imingcele ecacile futhi ngokuvamile zikhula kancane kunezicubu ezinomdlavuza.

2. Ingabe isimila ebuchosheni esinempilo siyelapheka?

Amathumba ebuchosheni angelapheki ngokususwa ngokuhlinzwa futhi awakhuli abuye. Izinga lokuphumelela lincike ekutheni odokotela abahlinzayo bangakwazi yini ukususa lonke ithumba ngokuphepha. Ezimweni lapho ukususwa okuphelele kungenakwenzeka, odokotela bangancoma:

• Ukuqapha okuvamile ngokusebenzisa izikena zobuchopho
• Ukwelashwa okwengeziwe njenge-radiotherapy noma i-chemotherapy

3. Ingabe isimila esiyingozi sibuhlungu?

Izimila eziningi ezinobungozi azibangeli ubuhlungu ngaphandle uma zicindezela izinzwa noma izitho. Izinga lokungaphatheki kahle lincike kulokhu:

• Usayizi wesimila
• Indawo yayo emzimbeni
• Ingcindezi ezakhiweni ezizungezile
• Umthelela ezicutshini eziseduze

4. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-benign tumor kanye ne-cyst?

Ngenkathi zombili zingavela njengezigaxa, ama-cysts nama-tumors ahluke ngokusobala. I-cyst yisakhiwo esifana nesaka esiqukethe uketshezi, umoya, noma ezinye izinto. Ngokuphambene, isimila siyizicubu eziqinile ezakha lapho amaseli ekhula ngendlela engavamile. Nakuba ama-cyst ngokuvamile avela ezindlala noma imigudu evalekile, amathumba akhula ngenxa yokukhula kwamangqamuzana okungalawuleki.

UDkt. Neha V Bhargava

MS, DNB (obgyn), MNAMS, Fellow (Gynae Oncology)
I-Ganga CARE Hospital Limited, eNagpur

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

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