I-Cervicitis

Abesifazane abaningi babhekana nokungakhululeki noma izimpawu ezingavamile endaweni yabo yokuzala, kodwa ngokuvamile bayangabaza ukuxoxa ngalezi zinto ezibakhathazayo. I-Cervicitis, ukuvuvukala komlomo wesibeletho, kuthinta abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-50% esikhathini esithile empilweni yabo.

Lesi simo esivamile singasukela kokumnene kuye kokuqina, sibe nezimpawu ezihlukahlukene ezingase zingabonakali. Ukuqonda izimpawu ze-cervicitis, izimbangela zayo, kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo ze-cervicitis kubalulekile ekugcineni impilo yokuzala. Lo mhlahlandlela obanzi uhlola konke abesifazane okudingeka bakwazi ngalesi simo, kusukela ezimpawini zaso eziyisixwayiso zakuqala kuya kumasu okuphatha asebenzayo.

Iyini i-Cervicitis?

Umlomo wesibeletho, umkhawulo ongezansi owumngcingo wesibeletho ovulela esithweni sangasese, kwesinye isikhathi ungavuvuka - isimo esaziwa ngokuthi i-cervicitis. Lokhu kuvuvukala kubangela ukuthi izicubu zomlomo wesibeletho zivuvuke futhi zingopha kalula uma zithintwa.

Okwenza i-cervicitis ithinteke ikakhulukazi amandla ayo okuthuthuka abe yizinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu, njengesifo sokuvuvukala kwe-pelvic (PID), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimpawu zokuqala zingavela. Lesi simo singabonakala ngokushesha ngezimpawu ezinzima noma siqhubeke izinyanga ezimbalwa noma ngaphezulu.

Izimpawu ezimbili ezinkulu zokuxilonga zikhombisa i-cervicitis: 

• i-purulent noma i-mucopurulent endocervical exudate ebonakalayo ku-endocervical canal noma ku-specimen ye-endocervical swab (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-mucopurulent cervicitis), kanye 
• ukopha okuqhubekayo kwe-endocervical kalula okubangelwa ukudlula kancane kwe-swab kakotini ku-os yomlomo wesibeletho. Izimpawu noma zombili zingase zibe khona. I-Cervicitis ngokuvamile ayinayo izimpawu; Nokho, abesifazane abathile bangase babike ukugobhoza okungavamile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nokopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane phakathi kokuya esikhathini (isb, ikakhulukazi ngemva kocansi). 

etiology

• I-C. trachomatis noma i-N. gonorrhoeae yi-etiology evame kakhulu ye-cervicitis echazwa ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga. 
• I-Trichomoniasis, i-herpes yobulili (ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka okuyinhloko kwe-HSV-2), noma i-M. genitalium nakho kuye kwahlotshaniswa ne-cervicitis.

Izinhlobo ze-Cervicitis

Odokotela bahlukanisa i-cervicitis ngezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ngokusekelwe ubude bayo kanye nezimbangela. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kusiza ekunqumeni indlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu.

• I-Cervicitis eyingozi: I-cervicitis ebukhali iqala ngokuzumayo futhi ngokuyinhloko ibangelwa izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi. Lolu hlobo luvame ukuletha izimpawu eziphawuleka kakhulu futhi ludinga ukunakwa ngokushesha. 
• I-Cervicitis engapheli: Lesi simo siqhubeka izinyanga ezimbalwa futhi ngokuvamile sisuka emithonjeni engatheleleki. 

Izimpawu ze-Cervicitis 

Okulandelayo yizimpawu nezimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-cervicitis:

• Okungajwayelekile ukuqunjelwa sangasese okungase kubonakale okuphuzi, okumhlophe, noma okumpunga ngephunga elingemnandi
• Ukopha okuncane okungalindelekile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane phakathi kokuya esikhathini noma ngemva kobudlelwane obuseduze
• Ucansi olubuhlungu (dyspareunia)
• Njalo, ukuchama okubuhlungu
• Ukuluma nokungaphatheki kahle kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• Ingcindezi noma ubunzima endaweni ye-pelvic

Izingozi Nezimbangela Ze-Cervicitis

• I-Cervicitis eyingozi: Lesi simo singavela emithonjeni eyahlukene, kanti izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs) ziyimbangela evame kakhulu. Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ezithathelwanayo zihlanganisa:
  • I-Chlamydia (ibalelwa ku-40% amacala)
  • I-gonorrhea
  • I-herpes yesisu
  • I-Trichomoniasis
  • I-Mycoplasma genitalium
• I-Cervicitis engapheli: Lesi simo singabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa:
  • Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezicasula amakhemikhali emikhiqizweni yabesifazane
  • Ukungezwani komzimba ne-latex noma ama-spermicides
  • Ukusetshenziswa okunwetshiwe kwemishini yokuvimbela inzalo
  • Ukuba khona kwemizimba yangaphandle njengama-pessaries
  • Izimo zokuvuvukala zesistimu
• Izinto ezimbalwa zingandisa ingozi yomuntu yokuba ne-cervicitis. Lokhu kubandakanya:
  • Abantu abenza ucansi oluyingozi kakhulu, njengokuya ocansini okungavikelekile noma ukuba nophathina abaningi, babhekene namathuba aphezulu okuba nalesi simo. 
  • Labo abanomlando wezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi nabo bakhombisa ukwanda kokungenwa yizifo.
  • Ukuhlukumezeka kwemishini okuvela kumathuluzi okuhlinzwa noma izinto zangaphandle njengama-pessaries kungabangela ukuvuvukala.

Izinkinga zeCervicitis

Nakuba i-cervicitis ngokwayo ingeyona ingozi empilweni, ukuyishiya ingelashiwe kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo. 

• I-Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) ime njengenye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-cervicitis engelashiwe. Lesi sifo esiyingozi singadala izibazi esibelethweni, ezikhiqiza amaqanda, namashubhu e-fallopian. Umonakalo owumphumela ungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi zezempilo zesikhathi eside:
  • Ubuhlungu be-pelvic obungapheli
  • Izinkinga zokuzala
  • Ingozi ye ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic
  • Amathuba okuba ne-peritonitis (ukutheleleka okusongela impilo)
• Okunye okukhathazayo okubalulekile ukwanda kobungozi bezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, okuhlanganisa ne-HIV/AIDS. Umlomo wesibeletho ovuvukele noma othukuthele ungase uvumele amagciwane namagciwane ukuthi angene egazini ngokushesha. 

Ukuxilongwa kweCervicitis

Inqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ihilela izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Odokotela benza ukuhlola ngokomzimba okuphelele okuhlanganisa:

• Ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kwe-pelvic ukuhlola ukuvuvukala nokuba mnene
• Ukuqoqwa kwamasampula oketshezi lomlomo wesibeletho nolwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ukuze kuhlolwe elabhorethri
• Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo komlomo wesibeletho kusetshenziswa i-speculum
• Ukuhlaziywa kwesampula yomchamo lapho kudingeka

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, odokotela babheka ngokuqondile izimpawu ezinjengobomvu noma ukuvuvukala komlomo wesibeletho, ukuba khona kokukhishwa okufana nobomvu, nokuvuvukala kwezindonga zangasese. Umlomo wesibeletho ungase ubonakale une-erythematous, oedematous, noma kalula, okuyizinkomba zakudala ze-cervicitis.

Ukwelashwa kweCervicitis

Ukwelashwa kwe-cervicitis kugxile ekuqedeni imbangela eyinhloko kuyilapho kunikeza ukukhululeka ezimpawini. Odokotela ngokuvamile banquma ama-antibiotic njengendlela yokwelapha eyinhloko, exazulula ngempumelelo izimo eziningi ze-cervicitis.

Izinketho Zokwelashwa Ngokusekelwe Imbangela:

• I-Doxycycline yezifo ze-chlamydial
• I-Ceftriaxone yamacala ahlobene ne-gonorrhoea
• I-Metronidazole ye-bacterial vaginosis noma i-trichomoniasis
• Imithi elwa namagciwane ukuphatha izimpawu uma i-herpes iyimbangela

Umuthi onconyiwe weCervicitis

I-Doxycycline 100 mg ngomlomo izikhathi ezi-2/ngosuku izinsuku ezingu-7,Cabanga ukwelashwa kanyekanye kokutheleleka kwe-gonococcal uma isiguli sisengozini ye-gonorrhea noma sihlala emphakathini lapho ukusabalala kwe-gonorrhea kuphezulu (bheka Amagciwane E-Gonococcal). Enye Indlela I-Azithromycin 1 g ngomlomo kumthamo owodwa

I-Cervicitis eqhubekayo noma ephindaphindiwe

Abesifazane abane-cervicitis eqhubekayo noma ephindaphindayo naphezu kokwelashwa ngama-antimicrobial kufanele bahlolwe kabusha ukuze bachayeke kabusha noma ukwehluleka ukwelashwa okungenzeka. 

I-etiology ye-cervicitis eqhubekayo, okuhlanganisa indima engaba khona ye-M. genitalium ayicacile. I-M. genitalium ingase icatshangelwe ezimeni ze-cervicitis eziqhubekayo ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-azithromycin noma i-doxycycline lapho ukuvezwa kabusha kozakwethu othelelekile noma ukunganamatheli kwezokwelapha kungenakwenzeka. 

Kwabesifazane abane-cervicitis eqhubekayo abake belashwa nge-doxycycline noma i-azithromycin, ukuhlolwa kwe-M. genitalium kungacatshangelwa.

Kwabesifazane abanezimpawu eziphikelelayo ezibangelwa ngokucacile i-cervicitis, ukudluliselwa kuchwepheshe wezifo zabesifazane kungacatshangelwa ukuze kuhlolwe izimbangela ezingatheleleki (isb., i-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeletho noma ama-polyps) (778).

Prevention

Izenzo Zocansi Eziphephile zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni. Ukusebenzisa amakhondomu ngokungaguquki nangendlela efanele ngesikhathi sobudlelwane obuseduze kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi ye-STI engaholela ku-cervicitis. Ukugcina ubudlelwano bokushada nomuntu oyedwa nozakwethu ongatheleleki nakho kusiza ukwehlisa amathuba okuba nalesi simo.

Odokotela batusa izinyathelo ezimbalwa zokuvimbela:

• Hlela ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwezifo zabesifazane kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-STI.
• Susa ama-tampons neminye imikhiqizo yabesifazane ngokwemiyalelo.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu ecasulayo njengamadotshi, okhilimu bokuvimbela inzalo
• Gwema ukufaka i-diaphragm 
• Khipha ukungezwani ne-latex ngenxa yamakhondomu
• Gqoka izingubo zangaphansi zikakotini eziphefumulayo
• Khetha imikhiqizo yenhlanzeko emnene, engenaphunga

Ukuphathwa Kwabalingani Bocansi

Ukuphathwa kwabalingani bocansi babesifazane abalashelwa i-cervicitis kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela efanele ukutheleleka okuhlonziwe noma okusolwayo. Bonke abalingani bocansi phakathi nezinsuku ezingama-60 ezedlule kufanele bathunyelwe ukuze bahlolwe, bahlolwe, kanye nokwelashwa okucatshangelwayo uma chlamydia, i-gonorrhea, noma i-trichomoniasis yatholakala. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Izimpawu ezisemqoka ezidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha zihlanganisa:

• Ukukhipha isitho sangasese esibeleselayo okungajwayelekile
• Ukopha okungekona kokuya esikhathini
• Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuya ocansini
• Ukucasuka okungajwayelekile noma ukungakhululeki

Isiphetho

I-Cervicitis ithinta abesifazane abaningi kodwa ihlala ilawuleka ngokunakwa nokunakekelwa okufanele. Ukuqonda izimpawu zayo, izimbangela, kanye nezinketho zokwelapha kusiza abesifazane ukuthi balawule impilo yabo yokuzala. Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ama-antibiotic ezimeni ezithathelwanayo, kusebenza kahle kakhulu lapho kunikezwa kusenesikhathi.

Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo okuvamile kusebenza njengesisekelo sokuvimbela nokuphathwa kwe-cervicitis. Abesifazane akufanele bangabaze ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha lapho kuvela izimpawu ezingavamile, njengoba ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezilula, ezihlanganiswe nemithi efanele yasekhaya kanye nokwelashwa okunqunyiwe, kwakha indlela ebanzi yokuphatha lesi simo ngempumelelo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-cervicitis iyathathelana?

Yebo, i-cervicitis ebukhali ebangelwa ama-ejenti athathelwanayo ingasakazeka phakathi kwabalingani bocansi. Odokotela batusa ukugwema ukwenza ucansi okungenani izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa futhi kuze kube yilapho zonke izimpawu seziphelile. Ozakwethu kufanele futhi bathole ukwelashwa okufanele ukuze bagweme ukuphinda batheleleke.

2. Ivame kangakanani i-cervicitis?

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-cervicitis ithinta ingxenye enkulu yabantu besifazane. Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi kufika uhhafu wabo bonke abesifazane bazothola i-cervicitis esikhathini esithile empilweni yabo yabantu abadala. Lesi simo sidlangile kwabesifazane abaya ocansini abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya ku-24.

3. Ingabe i-cervicitis iyinkinga enkulu?

Nakuba ngokuvamile ingafaki ukuphila engozini, i-cervicitis idinga ukunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha ukuvimbela izinkinga. Uma kuyekwa kungelashwa, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ezimbalwa:

• Isifo sokuvuvukala kwePelvic (PID)
• Izibazi ezithweni zokuzala
• Ukwanda kwengozi ye-STIs, kuhlanganise ne-HIV
• Izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuzala
• Ingozi yokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic

4. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama kwe-cervicitis?

Ngokwelashwa okufanele, izimo eziningi ze-cervicitis ziphela phakathi nesonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sokululama singahluka futhi kuya ngembangela ewumsuka kanye nokubambelela ekwelashweni. Odokotela bagcizelela ukuphuza wonke ama-antibiotic anqunyiwe njengoba kuyalelwe, ngisho noma izimpawu ziba ngcono ngaphambi kokuqeda isifundo. izimpawu ziba ngcono ngaphambi kokuqeda isifundo.

UDkt Rajini

CARE Medical Team

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