Ukukhwehlela Okungapheli

Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, okubeleselayo okuhlala amasonto kungase kube okungaphezu nje kokucasula- kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kukhwalithi yempilo yomuntu. Ukukhwehlela okungapheli, ukukhwehlela okuthatha amasonto ayisishiyagalombili noma ngaphezulu kubantu abadala, kuyisimo esivamile esithinta izigidi emhlabeni wonke. Lolu phawu olunganqamuki lungaphazamisa ukulala, lubangele ukungakhululeki ngokomzimba, futhi luholele nasekuphoxekeni komphakathi, kwenze kube semqoka ukuqonda izizathu zalo eziyisisekelo kanye nokwelashwa okutholakalayo. Ukuthola ikhambi elifanele lokukhwehlela okungamahlalakhona kulabo abakhwehlela okungamahlalakhona ebusuku kungabaluleka kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulala okunethezekile kanye nempilo yonke. 

Kuyini Ukukhwehlela Okungapheli? 

Ukukhwehlela okungapheli ukukhwehlela okungapheli. Ihlala amasonto ayisishiyagalombili noma ngaphezulu kubantu abadala. Kuyi-reflex eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwemisipha ehlukahlukene kanye nezindlela ze-neural. Nakuba ukukhwehlela ngokuvamile kuyimpendulo evikelayo yesimiso sokuphefumula, okusiza ekugcineni imigudu yokuphefumula ingenazo izinto ezingase zibe yingozi, ukukhwehlela okungapheli kubonisa inkinga yesistimu ecashile.

Ngokungafani nokukhwehlela okukhulu, okuvamise ukuhlala isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto amathathu futhi okuvame ukubangelwa umkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela okungapheli kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Zingaba nomthelela omkhulu kukhwalithi yempilo yomuntu, okuholela ekusweleni ubuthongo, ukukhathala kwengqondo nomzimba, kanye nokucwaswa emphakathini.

Izimpawu Zokukhwehlela Okungapheli 

Ukukhwehlela okungapheli kubonisa izimpawu ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise: 

• Uphawu oluyinhloko ukukhwehlela okungapheli, okungapheli. 
• Lokhu kukhwehlela kungaba komile noma kukitaze, kungakhiqizi amafinyila noma ukunqwabelana kwephlegm ukususa imigudu yokuphefumula. 
• .Abantu abanokukhwehlela okungapheli bangase babe nezimpawu ezengeziwe, ezihlanganisa: 
  • Ikhala eliminyene noma eligijimayo 
  • Ukuconsa kwangemva kokukhala okubangela ukukitaza ngemuva emphinjeni 
  • Ukuhlanza umphimbo kaningi noma umphimbo obuhlungu 
  • I-Heartburni 
  • Umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi 
  • Ukukhwehlela njalo kungabangela ukungakhululeki ngokomzimba, okuhlanganisa ubuhlungu bemisipha futhi, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngisho nokuphuka kwezimbambo. 
  • Abanye abantu bangase baphathwe yikhanda elibuhlungu, babe nesiyezi, noma bangakwazi ukuzithiba ngomchamo ngenxa yokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo. 

Izimbangela Nezingozi Zokukhwehlela Okungapheli 

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokukhwehlela okungapheli zihlanganisa: 

• Asthma, ikakhulukazi isifuba somoya esishintshashintshayo, singabonakala njengokukhwehlela okungapheli ngaphandle kwezinye izimpawu ezivamile. 
• I-GERD noma isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal singabangela ukukhwehlela okungapheli ngenxa yokucasuka komphimbo 
• Ukuconsa kwangemva kokukhala, okuvame ukubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile noma izimo ze-sinus, kucasula umphimbo futhi kubangele ukukhwehlela. 
• Isifo se-Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula engapheli & TB, ngokwemithi eyaziwa ngokuthi isifo sofuba. 
• Imiphumela emibi noma engemihle yemithi ethile efana ne-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors 
• Izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa ezibucayi zingabandakanya umdlavuza wamaphaphu, i-bronchiectasis, nezifo zamaphaphu angaphakathi. 

Izinto eziyingozi zokukhwehlela okungapheli zihlanganisa: 

• Ukubhema kuphinda kabili noma kathathu ubungozi uma kuqhathaniswa nabangabhemi. 
• Iminyaka yobudala nobulili nakho kudlala indima, abesifazane nabantu ngabanye abaneminyaka yobudala engama-60-69 yibona abasengozini enkulu. 
• Ukuchayeka emsebenzini othulini, izinto ezingezwani nazo, namagesi anobuthi kwandisa ubungozi ngo-40%. 
• Izici zemvelo ezifana nokungcoliswa komoya kanye nezinto ezicasulayo ziye zaxhunyaniswa nokukhwehlela okungapheli. 
• Ukukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi ukukhuluphala kwesisu, kuye kwaphakanyiswa njengento engaba yingozi, kodwa ubufakazi abuhambisani. 

Izinkinga zokukhwehlela okungapheli 

Ezinye zezinkinga yilezi: 

• Ukukhwehlela okungamahlalakhona kungabangela ukukhathala ngokomzimba, amaphethini okulala aphazamisekile, nokwanda kwamazinga okucindezeleka, ekugcineni kuthinte inhlalakahle yonke. 
• Ukukhwehlela isikhathi eside kungase kubangele izingqinamba zemisipha, njengobuhlungu besifuba & ubuhlungu emisipha yesisu. 
• Ukukhwehlela Okungapheli kungase kuholele ekukhuleni kwe izinhlungu zekhanda. 
• Isiyezi singenye inkinga engase ibe khona, njengoba ukunyakaza okunyakazisa njalo kungaphazamisa izitho ezilinganayo endlebeni yangaphakathi, ngezinye izikhathi kubangele isicanucanu nokuhlanza. 
• Ukuquleka kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi, ikakhulukazi phakathi neziqephu zokukhwehlela ezinamandla. 
• Ukufinyela kwesifuba okuhlobene nokukhwehlela okungamahlalakhona kungaba namandla ngokwanele ukuba kubangele ukuphuka kwezimbambo. 
• Ukukhwehlela kungase kubangele i-hernias, lapho isitho sangaphakathi siphuma ngodonga lwemisipha. 
• Ukukhwehlela okungamahlalakhona kungase kubangele ukwehla kwesisindo okungahlosiwe kwabanye abantu. 

Sifo 

• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Udokotela uzobuza imibuzo ehlobene nobude besikhathi nezici zokukhwehlela, noma yiziphi izimpawu ezihambisanayo, kanye nezimbangela ezingase zibe khona. Bangase babuze ngemikhuba yokubhema, ukuchayeka emvelweni, kanye nemithi yamanje, ikakhulukazi i-ACE inhibitors, engabangela ukukhwehlela okungapheli. 
• Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga: 
  • I-X-ray yesifuba iwukuhlola kokuqala kokuhlonza ukukhwehlela okungapheli, ikakhulukazi uma isiguli singabhemi noma siyekile ukuphuza ama-ACE inhibitors. 
  • Lesi sithombe singasiza ekukhipheni izimo ezifana ne-bronchiectasis, inyumoniya eqhubekayo, nesifo sofuba. 
  • I-high-resolution computed tomography (CT) yesifuba 
  • Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu (PFTs) ukuze kutholwe ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. 
  • I-Spirometry ikala umthamo wamaphaphu kanye nokugeleza komoya, okungasiza ukuxilonga izimo ezifana nesifuba somoya noma isifo esingamahlalakhona sokuvimbela amaphaphu (COPD).

Ukwelapha Ukukhwehlela Okungapheli 

Ukwelashwa kokukhwehlela okungapheli kuncike ekuhlonzeni nasekuxazululeni imbangela ewumsuka.

• Isifuba Somoya: Ngokukhwehlela okungapheli okubangelwa isifuba somoya, i-corticosteroids ehogeliwe kanye nama-bronchodilators ngokuvamile anqunywa. Le mithi inciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi ivule imigudu yokuphefumula, inikeze impumuzo ekukhwehleleni, ikakhulukazi ukukhwehlela okungapheli ebusuku. 
• I-Postnasal Drip: Odokotela bangase batusa ama-antihistamine kanye nama-decongestants ukuphatha izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamafinyila. 
• I-Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Odokotela batusa ama-proton pump inhibitors noma ama-H2 blockers ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi esiswini. Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila nakho kungalawula ukukhwehlela okungamahlalakhona okuhlobene ne-GERD. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuphakamisa ikhanda ngenkathi ulele nokugwema ukudla okuvusa amadlingozi. 
• Ukutheleleka Kwamagciwane: Odokotela batusa ama-antibiotics ukulawula ukutheleleka. 
• I-ACE Inhibitors: Ukushintshela kweminye imithi ngokuvamile kungaxazulula inkinga. 
• I-Symptomatic Relief: Ukwelashwa kokukhwehlela okungamahlalakhona kungase kuhlanganise namaphilisi okucindezela ukukhwehlela noma ama-expectorant ukuze anikeze ukukhululeka kwezimpawu. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela 

Ukwelashwa ngokushesha kuyadingeka uma:

• Umuntu uba nokuphefumula kanzima, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ubuhlungu besifuba eduze nokukhwehlela. 
• Ukukhwehlela igazi kungolunye uphawu olubucayi oludinga ukuhlolwa okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha. 
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachaziwe, ukushintsha kwezwi okuphikelelayo, noma izigaxa nokuvuvukala kwentamo nakho kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. 
• Kufanele kufunwe ukunakekelwa kwezempilo uma ingane engaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu inezinga lokushisa elingu-38°C noma ngaphezulu noma uma ingane engaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu inezinga lokushisa elingu-39°C noma ngaphezulu. 

Amakhambi Asekhaya Okukhwehlela Okungapheli 

Amakhambi amaningana asekhaya anganikeza impumuzo yokukhwehlela okungapheli futhi ahambisane nokwelashwa. 

• Uju luyikhambi elidumile nelinamandla lokucindezela ukukhwehlela. Ukuba nesipunu soju noma ukulifaka etiyeni le-herbal elifudumele kungasiza emphinjeni futhi kunciphise ukukhwehlela, ikakhulukazi ukukhwehlela okungapheli ebusuku. 
• Ujinja, owaziwa ngezici zalo zokuqeda ukuvuvukala, ungasiza ekudambiseni ukukhwehlela okomile noma kwesifuba somoya. Ukuphuza itiye le-ginger noma ukwengeza i-ginger entsha ekudleni kungaba indlela elula kodwa enamandla kakhulu yokuhlanganisa leli khambi esimisweni somuntu. 
• Ukuhogela umusi kungenye indlela yokwelapha ukukhwehlela okungapheli, ikakhulukazi ukukhwehlela okumanzi okukhiqiza amafinyila. Ukugeza ishawa esishisayo noma ukwenza isitsha sesitimu esinamanzi ashisayo namakhambi afana ne-eucalyptus kungasiza ukukhulula amafinyila futhi kukhulule ukukhwehlela okungapheli. 
• Ama-saltwater gargles nawo ayikhambi elihlolwe isikhathi elingasiza ekudambiseni umphimbo obuhlungu kanye nokukhulula amafinyila. 
• Ezinye Izixazululo: Yidla ijusi kaphayinaphu ngokuqukethwe kwayo kwe-bromelain, sebenzisa i-thyme etiyeni noma kuisiraphu, bese uzama impande ye-marshmallow noma i-elm eshelelayo ukuze uthole izici zayo ezipholile.

Isiphetho

Ukubhekana nokukhwehlela okungapheli kudinga indlela enezici eziningi. Kunamasu ahlukahlukene okubhekana nalolu daba, kusukela ekufuneni iseluleko sezokwelapha kuye ekuhloleni izimbangela eziyisisekelo kuye ekuzameni amakhambi asekhaya ukuze kutholakale ukukhululeka kwezimpawu. Khumbula, nakuba ukukhwehlela okungamahlalakhona kungase kukhungathekise, kungenzeka ukuthola izixazululo eziphumelelayo futhi uthuthukise inhlalakahle yonke nge 
indlela efanele nesineke. Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi, thintana ne-pulmonologist ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele nokwelashwa. 

FAQs 

1. Iyini imbangela ehamba phambili yokukhwehlela okungapheli? 

Ukukhwehlela okungapheli kunezimbangela eziningi, okuvame kakhulu isifuba somoya, i-postnasal drip, nesifo se-reflux ye-gastroesophageal (GERD). Ezinye izimbangela ezingase zibe khona zihlanganisa izifo ezingamahlalakhona ezingapheli, imithi ethile efana ne-ACE inhibitors, nama-irritants emvelo. Kwezinye izimo, ukukhwehlela okungapheli kubonisa izimo ezimbi kakhulu njengomdlavuza wamaphaphu noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo. 

2. Ingabe ukukhwehlela okungapheli kuyingozi? 

Nakuba ukukhwehlela okungapheli ngokuvamile kuwuphawu esikhundleni sokuba isifo ngokwaso, kungaba nomthelela omkhulu eqophelweni lempilo yomuntu. Ukukhwehlela okungapheli kungaholela ekukhathaleni ngokomzimba, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, nokuphoxeka emphakathini. Akuvamile, kungase kubangele izinkinga ezinjengokuphuka kwezimbambo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, noma ukungakwazi ukuzithiba komchamo. Ukukhwehlela okungapheli nakho kungabhebhethekisa izimo zokuphefumula ezingaphansi. 

3. Kungani ukukhwehlela kubi kakhulu ebusuku? 

Ukukhwehlela kuba kubi kakhulu ebusuku ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Lapho ulele, i-mucus ingakwazi ukuhlanganisa ngemuva komphimbo, ivuselele ukukhwehlela. Lesi simo sikwenza futhi kube inselele kakhulu ngomzimba ukusula amafinyila ngokwemvelo. Kulabo abane-GERD, ukulala phansi kungabangela i-asidi esiswini ukuba igeleze ibuyele ku-esophagus, icunule umphimbo futhi ibangele ukukhwehlela, Ukwengeza, isigqi somzimba we-circadian sithinta ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba, okungase kwandise ukukhwehlela ebusuku njengengxenye yokusabela komzimba ezifweni noma ezicasulayo. 

4. Yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwa ukukhwehlela okungapheli? 

Akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqondile kokukhwehlela okungapheli ngokwako. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungase kube yingxenye yenqubo yokuxilonga ukuze kutholakale izimbangela eziyisisekelo noma kukhishwe izimo ezithile. 
Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise uphenyo olufana nokubala kwegazi eliphelele (CBC) ukuhlola izifo noma ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, ukuhlola omaka bokuvuvukala, noma ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwezimo ezisolwayo njengezifo ezizimele.

UDkt. Suhas P. Ithiphu

MBBS, TDD, DNB (Izifo Zokuphefumula), CTCCM (ICU Fellowship), CCEBDM
I-Ganga CARE Hospital Limited, eNagpur

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

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